• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2013

PURPOSE. A survey was performed to identify the level of mouthguard use, awareness, wearability issues and attitude toward mouthguard among elite Korean Taewondo athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Survey questionnaires were given to 152 athletes participating in the Korea National Taekwondo team selection event for the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games. Questionnaires consisted of three sections, mouthguard awareness, reasons for not wearing mouthguard and the last section to test the level of acceptance on current mouthguard and when the identified problems were resolved. For analyzing difference among response, ${\chi}^2$ test was used and significant level (${\alpha}$) was set up as 0.05. RESULTS. Responses in each of items showed significant difference (P<.001). Majority of response regarding each question: Majority of respondents believed that mouthguard were effective in preventing injuries (36.4%) but the result suggested that the provision of information on mouthguard to athletes was inadequate (44.0%) and the result showed that respondents were not greatly interested or concerned in relation to the mandatory mouthguard rule (31.6%). Although the responses on the level of comfort and wearability of mouthguard were negative (34.8%), athletes were positively willing to wear mouthguard if the problems rectified (51.2%). CONCLUSION. Considering the high level of willingness to wear mouthguard if the problems rectified, it is thought that together with efforts in providing more mouthguard information, the work of sports dentistry to research and improve mouthguard will be invaluable in promoting mouthguard to more athletes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.41 no.7
• /
• pp.59-71
• /
• 2003

Koreans were started moving to Yunhaju in Russia for escaping from tyrannical rule and famine in 1860's in Korea. Social and political situation of Russia were made it very hard to get to know about Korean's life there so far. But it was known that Korean Diaspora has been kept traditional way of living in without contacts between Korea for 140 years. This study examined the dwellings of Korean Diaspora in Yunhaju through reviewing related documents and records firstly and had a time to visit places which Koreans lived since 1860's for example Posyet(equation omitted), Suifen(equation omitted), Ussuriisk(equation omitted), Vladivostok(equation omitted), Partizansk(equation omitted) and took interviews with Koreans who lived there pre 1930's. Results of research were as following : 1) A first place to settle down for Koreans in Yunhaju was Posye(equation omitted) and scattered as time goes by far away from there. 2) Koreans were helping each other for living and they had their own self managing organizations in village there. 3) The villages which was made in Yunhaju by Koreans in the beginning were similar to traditional ones in Korea. 4) It was verified that dwellings which was built by Koreans in Yunhaju were similar to ones in north area in Korea. At that time lots of Korean Diaspora came from north part and they kept their own traditional way of building houses there for a long time. 5) Korean Diaspora have been kept traditional heating system ‘Ondol’ in their various types of houses until now in Yunhaju. Moreover, it is known that Russians prefer to set ‘Ondol’ in their houses recently as a very special and expensive heating system. This study would be a very good opportunity to standing out Korean history of housing in Yunhaju as well as evaluating their identification as Koreans. For this, it is needed to take more deep research in specific areas which could see more various types of housing and could compare ones between two countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 2013

Problem solving and/or decision making process usually encountered in human living consists of a sequence of human behaviors based upon his/her knowledge. Thus, Rasmussen introduced Skill-Rule-Knowledge paradigm to countermeasure human errors that can occur in Nuclear Power Plants. Unfortunately however, it was not so easy as expected since objective evidence have not been obtainable with conventional research techniques. With the help of EEG band pawer ratio techniques, this study tried to get psycho-physiological symptoms of human errors, if any, while human beings perform knowledge-based behaviors such as simple arithmetic computations with different difficulty level. A set of simulated works was carried out with a computer station. Four kinds of arithmetic computation tasks were given to 10 health male under-graduate students on different day individually, and during the experiment, EEG and ECG was measured continuously for objective psycho-physiological analysis. According to the results, ${\alpha}$/(${\alpha}+{\beta}$) as well as ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ band power ratio were sensitive to task difficulty level which consistently decreased both. However, any one of them failed to reveal the influence of tasks with different difficulty level in the aspect of task duration time. On the contrary, Heart Rate Variability was more suggestive than expected. To make a conclusion, it can be said that band power of EEG waves will be helpful in not only assessment of work difficulty level but also assessment of workers' skill development if supported by cardiac function such as HRV.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2016

In this paper, the proceedings and core procedures that involved the role of advisor to the theme, the set up rule of students, and complete the work steps involved in configuring graduate work that the overall design curriculum and graduation standards are summarized. The one or two students are designated as one team, and by the designated professor was conducted a discussion and technical guidance. Among various topics from 2011 to 2015, some specific results configured using a small drone and smartphones are presented. The survey are compared the activity results for the participating students in one major each in 2011 and 2015 and analyzed. Based on this review for improvement next year notes, it forms a continuous improvement, and has converged talents with passion and challenging spirit, sharing a plan to form a virtuous cycle that is associated with positive employment and entrepreneurship.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.12B no.4 s.100
• /
• pp.429-436
• /
• 2005

A simple stereo matching algorithm using population-based incremental learning(PBIL) is proposed in this paper to decrease the general problem of genetic algorithms, such as memory consumption and inefficiency of search. PBIL is a variation of genetic algorithms using stochastic search and competitive teaming based on a probability vector. The structure of PBIL is simpler than that of other genetic algorithm families, such as serial and parallel ones, due to the use of a probability vector. The PBIL strategy is simplified and adapted for stereo matching circumstances. Thus, gene pool, chromosome crossover, and gene mutation we removed, while the evolution rule, that fitter chromosomes should have higher survival probabilities, is preserved. As a result, memory space is decreased, matching rules are simplified and computation cost is reduced. In addition, a scheme controlling the distance of neighbors for disparity smoothness is inserted to obtain a wide-area consistency of disparities, like a result of coarse-to-fine matchers. Because of this scheme, the proposed algorithm can produce a stable disparity map with a small fixed-size window. Finally, an alterative version of the proposed algorithm without using probability vector is also presented for simpler set-ups.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2002

This paper deals with simplification of classification rules for data mining and rule bases for control systems. Datamining that extracts useful information from such a large amount of data is one of important issues. There are various ways in classification methodologies for data mining such as the decision trees and neural networks, but the result should be explicit and understandable and the classification rules be short and clear. The rough sets theory is an effective technique in extracting knowledge from incomplete and inconsistent data and provides a good solution for classification and approximation by using various attributes effectively This paper investigates granularity of knowledge for reasoning of uncertain concopts by using rough set approximations and uses a hierarchical classification structure that is more effective technique for classification by applying core to upper level. The proposed classification methodology makes analysis of an information system eary and generates minimal classification rules.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.91-107
• /
• 2014

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is an excellent technology to improve the system capacity by sharing the spectrum resources of cellular networks. Multicast service is considered as an effective transmission mode for the future mobile social contact services. Therefore, multicast based on D2D technology can exactly improve the spectrum resource efficiency. How to apply D2D technology to support multicast service is a new issue. In this paper, a resource allocation scheme based on cognitive radio (CR) for D2D underlay multicast communication (CR-DUM) is proposed to improve system performance. In the cognitive cellular system, the D2D users as secondary users employing multicast service form a group and reuse the cellular resources to accomplish a multicast transmission. The proposed scheme includes two steps. First, a channel allocation rule aiming to reduce the interference from cellular networks to receivers in D2D multicast group is proposed. Next, to maximize the total system throughput under the condition of interference and noise impairment, we formulate an optimal transmission power allocation jointly for the cellular and D2D multicast communications. Based on the channel allocation, optimal power solution is in a closed form and achieved by searching from a finite set and the interference between cellular and D2D multicast communication is coordinated. The simulation results show that the proposed method can not only ensure the quality of services (QoS), but also improve the system throughput.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2000

In this paper We describe an algorithm which is devised for 4he partition o# the input space and the generation of fuzzy rules by the fuzzy entropy and tested with the time series prediction problem using Mackey-Glass chaotic time series. This method divides the input space into several fuzzy regions and assigns a degree of each of the generated rules for the partitioned subspaces from the given data using the Shannon function and fuzzy entropy function generating the optimal knowledge base without the irrelevant rules. In this scheme the basic idea of the fuzzy neural network is to realize the fuzzy rules base and the process of reasoning by neural network and to make the corresponding parameters of the fuzzy control rules be adapted by the steepest descent algorithm. The Proposed algorithm has been naturally derived by means of the synergistic combination of the approximative approach and the descriptive approach. Each output of the rule's consequences has expressed with its connection weights in order to minimize the system parameters and reduce its complexities.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2005

For high density SoC design, on-chip communication based on bus interconnection encounters bandwidth limitation while an NoC(Network-on-Chip) approach suffers from unacceptable complexity in its Implementation. This paper introduces a new on-chip communication protocol, SNP (SoC Network Protocol) to overcome these problems. In SNP, conventional on-chip bus signals are categorized into three groups, control, address, and data and only one set of wires is used to transmit all three groups of signals, resulting in the dramatic decrease of the number of wires. SNP efficiently supports master-master communication as well as master-slave communication with symmetric channels. A sequencing rule of signal groups is defined as a part of SNP specification and a phase-restoration feature is proposed to avoid redundant signals transmitted repeatedly over back-to-back transactions. Simulation results show that SNP provides about the same bandwidth with only $54\%$ of wires when compared with AMBA AHB.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.157-188
• /
• 2016

Since democratic transition in the early 1990s, constitutionalism is getting more important for democratic consolidation in Africa. Using Afribarometer data set, this paper explains influences on public confidence in judiciary. High levels of public trust in judiciary is a necessary condition for judicial system to work effectively in emerging democracy. Unlike existing studies focusing on the function of judiciary and legal procedures, this paper is interested in the relationship between how ordinary Africans perceive the attitudes of the chief executive toward judiciary, the rule of law, and judicial corruption and their confidence in judiciary. The results show that those who think that the chief executive is likely to respect the constitution and the judiciary, that the law applies to everyone equally, and that there are few corrupt judicial personnel are likely to show high levels of confidence in judiciary. This study argues that the tension between laws and politics have a significant influence on transitional justice in emerging democracy.