• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.867-873
• /
• 2010

본 실험에서는 꽈리를 열매, 꽃받침, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 등 부위별로 구분하여 메탄올로 추출하고 추출 수율, 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, DPPH radical 소거능, 아질산염 소거능, superoxide anion radical 소거능, 환원력, 철 이온에 대한 킬레이트 효과 등을 측정하였다. 추출 수율은 열매가 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 꽃받침, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 순이었다. 총페놀 및 총플라보노이드 함량은 잎 추출물이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 꽃받침 추출물이었다. DPPH radical 소거능은 1 mg/mL 및 5 mg/mL의 농도에서 잎 추출물이 가장 높았고 꽃받침 추출물도 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거능은 모든 부위에서 농도에 따라 유의적인 차이 없이 높게 나타났다. 꽈리 추출물의 superoxide anion radical 소거능은 꽃받침과 잎 추출물이 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 환원력은 잎 추출물에서 가장 높게 나타났고 철 이온에 대한 킬레이트 효과는 꽃받침, 줄기 및 뿌리 추출물이 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 보면 꽈리의 잎 추출물에서 총 페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량과 항산화 활성이 탁월하게 높게 나타났고 그 다음으로 꽃받침 추출물이 우수한 항산화 활성을 나타내어 향후 이를 이용한 천연 항산화제로 개발 가능성이 시사되었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.98-103
• /
• 2023

Sphaeranthus africanus is commonly used as a traditional remedy for sore throats and pain treatment in Vietnam. The aerial parts have been studied for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. However, the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of the plant has not been explored. In this work, hydrophilic extracts of the plant's aerial parts were prepared in order to investigate its antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Also, the cytotoxicity of the root was evaluated and compared to that of the aerial parts. All of the extracts inhibited lipid peroxidation with IC₅₀ values ranging from 2.05 to 3.56 ㎍/mL, indicating substantial antioxidant activity. At an IC₅₀ value of 4.80 ㎍/mL, the 50% ethanol extract exhibited the most potent inhibition of α-glucosidase. The cytotoxic activity of root extracts is 2 to 5-fold less than that of the aerial parts. Nevertheless, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of the root demonstrated a selective effect on leukemia cells, with no harm towards the normal HEK-293 cell line. This work provides a scientific support for the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the plant. Hence, it may find a promising material for the development of novel antioxidant and antidiabetic agents. More research can be conducted on the phytochemistry and anticancer activities of the plant's root.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권15호
• /
• pp.6321-6326
• /
• 2014

${\alpha}$-Methyl-n-butylshikonin (MBS), one of the active components in the root extracts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, posses antitumor activity. In this study, we assess the molecular mechanisms of MBS in causing apoptosis of SW620 cells. MBS reduced the cell viability of SW620 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner and induced cell apoptosis. Treatment of SW620 cells with MBS down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulated the expression of Bak and caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, MBS treatment led to activation of caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3, and cleavage of PARP, which was abolished by pretreatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. MBS also induced significant elevation in the phosphorylation of JNK and p38. Pretreatment of SW620 cells with specific inhibitors of JNK (SP600125) and p38 (SB203580) abrogated MBS-induced apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that MBS inhibited growth of colorectal cancer SW620 cells by inducing JNK and p38 signaling pathway, and provided a clue for preclinical and clinical evaluation of MBS for colorectal cancer therapy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.1043-1046
• /
• 2013

Prediction of physicochemical properties of organic molecules is an important process in chemistry and chemical engineering. The MSEP approach developed in our lab calculates the molecular surface electrostatic potential (ESP) on van der Waals (vdW) surfaces of molecules. This approach includes geometry optimization and frequency calculation using hybrid density functional theory, B3LYP, at the 6-31G(d) basis set to find minima on the potential energy surface, and is known to give satisfactory QSPR results for various properties of organic molecules. However, this MSEP method is not applicable to screen large database because geometry optimization and frequency calculation require considerable computing time. To develop a fast but yet reliable approach, we have re-examined our previous work on organic molecules using two semi-empirical methods, AM1 and PM3. This new approach can be an efficient protocol in designing new molecules with improved properties.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.297-308
• /
• 2023

Dynamic deflection is important for evaluating the performance of a long-span cable-stayed bridge, and its continuous measurement is still cumbersome. This study proposes a dynamic deflection monitoring method for cable-stayed bridge based on Bi-directional Long Short-term Memory (BiLSTM) neural network taking advantages of the characteristics of spatial variation of cable acceleration response (CAR) and main girder deflection response (MGDR). Firstly, the relationship between the spatial and temporal variation of the CAR and the MGDR is described based on the geometric deformation of the bridge. Then a data-driven relational model based on BiLSTM neural network is established using CAR and MGDR data, and it is further used to monitor the MGDR via measuring the CAR. Finally, numerical simulations and field test are conducted to verify the proposed method. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of the numerical simulations are less than 4 while the RMSE of the field test is 1.5782, which indicate that it provides a cost-effective and convenient method for real-time deflection monitoring of cable-stayed bridges.

• 대한한의진단학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2015

Objectives Syndrome differentiation and treatment (辨證論治) is one of the core theories in Korean medicine and syndrome differentiation (辨證) constitutes a branch of disease diagnosis in Korean medicine. Yoon Gil-Young, one of the modern outstanding scholar of basic medical science in Korean medicine, wrote on basic theories of Korean medicine such as physiology, pathology, formula science, etc. Hereby we will analyze and discuss his works to understand his recognition of historical changes in the syndrome differentiation. Methods We conducted researches into the two works of Yoon Gil-Young's, which are "The Clinical Formula Science of Eastern Medicine (東醫臨床方劑學)" and "The theory of Four-Constitution Medicine (四象體質醫學論)". From Yoon's academic standpoint which connects the basic medical science with the clinical medicine, we analyzed his opinion about syndrome differentiation and its historical changes. Results According to Yoon's research work on syndrome differentiation and its historical changes, the development of syndrome differentiation, which goes in harmony with the history of Korean medicine, has its deep root in " Huangdi's Internal Classic (黃帝內經)" and "Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases (傷寒雜病論)". And through "Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach (脾胃論)" and the articles of warm disease (溫病論), the theory of syndrome differentiation became extended to the whole clinical diagnostic field in Korean medicine, finally including the achievements in "Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine (東醫寶鑑)", "Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine (東醫壽世保元)". Conclusions Yoon Gil-Young recognized that the system of syndrome differentiation was developed in accordance with the theories from the "Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases", then the "Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach" and the articles of warm disease. The four-constitution medicine in Korea and Koho school in Japan which lays emphasis on abdominal signs also contributed to its development. Syndrome differentiation can be categorized basically into three states of intrinsic cold (本寒), intrinsic deficiency (本虛), intrinsic heat (本熱) according to the deficiency and excess in human body metabolism.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.463-483
• /
• 2013

Considering the influences of fluid penetration, casing, excavation processes of wellbore and perforation tunnels, the seepage-deformation finite element model of oil and gas well coupled with perforating technique is established using the tensile strength failure criterion, in which the user-defined subroutine is developed to investigate the dynamic evolvement of the reservoir porosity and permeability. The results show that the increases of perforation angle and decreases of perforation density lead to a higher fracture initiation pressure, while the changes of the perforation diameter and length have no evident influences on the fracture initiation pressure. As for initiation location for the fracture in wellbore, it is on the wellbore face while considering the presence of the casing. By contrast, the fractures firstly initiate on the root of the tunnels without considering casing. Besides, the initial fracture position is also related with the perforation angle. The fracture initiation position is located in the point far away from the wellbore face, when the perforation angle is around $30^{\circ}$; however, when the perforation angle is increased to $45^{\circ}$, a plane fracture is initiated from the wellbore face in the maximum horizontal stress direction; no fractures was found around perforation tunnels, when the angel is close to $90^{\circ}$. The results have been successfully applied in an oilfield, with the error of only 1.1% comparing the fracture initiation pressure simulated with the one from on-site experiment.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.28-31
• /
• 2017

The mutation rate of proline in the position 197 (Pro197) in acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) is highest among sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide-resistance mutants. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the resistance mechanism for the mutation and to develop the herbicides specific to the mutants. SU herbicide resistance mechanism of the mutants, 197Ser, 197Thr and 197Ala, in AHAS were targeted for designing new SU-herbicide. We did molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for understanding SU herbicide-resistance mechanisms of AHAS mutants and designed new herbicides with docking and MD evaluations. We have found that mutation to 197Ala and 197Ser enlarged the entrance of the active site, while 197Thr contracted. Map of the root mean square derivation (RMSD) and radius gyrations (Rg) revealed the domain indicating the conformations for herbicide resistant. Based on the enlarging-contracting mechanism of active site entrance, we designed new herbicides with substitution at the heterocyclic moiety of a SU herbicide for the complementary binding to the changed active site entrances of mutants, and designed new herbicides. We confirmed that our screened new herbicides bonded to both AHAS wild type and mutants with higher affinity, showing more stable binding conformation than the existing herbicides.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2005

Seven diterpenes, four polyacetylenes, a lipid glycerol, and two sterols were isolated from the methylene chloride fraction of the root of Aralia cordata. Their chemical structures were determined as (-)-pimara-8(14), 15-dien-19-oic acid (2), pimaric acid (3), (-)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), 17-hydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid (9), $7{\alpha}$-hydroxy-(-)-pimara-8(14), 15-dien-19-oic acid (10), $16\alpha$, 17 -dihydroxy-(-)-kauran-19-oic acid (11), 16-hydroxy-17-isovaleroyloxy-ent-kauran-19­oic acid (12), falcarindiol (5), dehydrofalcarindiol (6), dehydrofalcarindiol-8-acetate (7), falcarin­diol-8-acetate (8), alpha-mono palmitin (13), stigmasterol (1), and daucosterol (14) by the spectral evidences. These compounds were tested with COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition assays. This study found that compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 inhibited COX-1 dependent conversion of the exogenous arachidonic acid to $PGE_2$ in a dose-dependent manner with $IC_{50}$ values of $134.2{\mu}M$, $121.6{\mu}M$, $170{\mu}M$, $50.4{\mu}M$, $11.7{\mu}M$, $99.6{\mu}M$, and $69.6{\mu}M$, respectively. But, most of these compounds weakly inhibited COX-2 dependent $PGE_2$ generation. Among them, only compound 4 showed relatively significant inhibitory activity $(IC_{50}\;:\;127.6{\mu}M)$.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2014

Dentigerous cyst (DC) is an odontogenic cyst associated with the crown of an impacted, embedded, unerupted, or developing tooth. It is the second most common type of odontogenic cysts, accounting for 14% to 24% of all jaw cysts. Although these cysts occur more frequently during the second and third decades of life, they can also be found in children and adolescents in the mixed dentition stage. Treatment of the odontogenic cyst involves enucleation or marsupialization/decompression methods. The latter approach is preferred for larger cysts, and it is especially helpful in adolescent patients in conserving the unerupted permanent successors. The aim of treatment for DC is the complete elimination of pathology and maintenance of dentition with minimal surgical intervention. Recently defined criteria for the selection of treatment modality include the cyst size and location of the cyst, patient age, dentition involved, stage of root development, position of the tooth involved in the jaw, and relationship with the surrounding vital structure. Marsupialization or decompression technique has been advocated by several authors for treating DCs among young patients. In this conservative technique, the creation of an accessory cavity helps relieve intra-cystic pressure and accelerate the healing of cystic lesion. This technique has been successfully performed and is indicated for growing children and adolescents. Here, we report a large cyst lesion in the mandible treated by marsupialization for conservative management. In conclusion, successful reduction in size was achieved, and intraoperative complication could be prevented.