• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.15.1-15.7
• /
• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the efficiency of WaveOne Primary files (Dentsply Sirona) for removing root canal fillings with 2 types of movement: reciprocating (RCP) and continuous counterclockwise rotation (CCR). Materials and Methods: Twenty mandibular incisors were prepared with a RCP instrument (25.08) and filled using the Tagger hybrid obturation technique. The teeth were retreated with a WaveOne Primary file and randomly allocated to 2 experimental retreatment groups (n = 10) according to movement type: RCP and CCR. The root canals were emptied of filling material in the first 3 steps of insertion, until reaching the working length. The timing of retreatment and procedure errors were recorded for all samples. The specimens were scanned before and after the retreatment procedure with micro-computed tomography to calculate the percentage and volume (mm³) of the residual filling material. The results were statistically evaluated using paired and independent t-tests, with a significance level set at 5%. Results: No significant difference was found in the timing of filling removal between the groups, with a mean of 322 seconds (RCP) and 327 seconds (CCR) (p < 0.05). There were 6 instrument fractures: 1 in a RCP motion file and 5 in continuous rotation files. The volumes of residual filling material were similar (9.94% for RCP and 15.94% for CCR; p > 0.05). Conclusions: The WaveOne Primary files used in retreatment performed similarly in both RCP and CCR movements. Neither movement type completely removed the obturation material, but the RCP movement provided greater safety.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제45권2호
• /
• pp.24.1-24.9
• /
• 2020

Objectives: It is known that bioactive materials interact with the dentin to undergo biomineralization. The exact role of moisture in this interaction is unknown. Here, we investigate the effects of dentin moisture conditions on the dislocation resistance of two bioactive root canal sealers (MTA Fillapex [Angelus Solucoes Odontologicas] and GuttaFlow BioSeal [Colténe/Whaledent AG]) at 3 weeks and 3 months after obturation. Materials and Methods: Mandibular premolars (n = 120) were prepared and randomly divided into 3 groups based on the dentin condition: group 1, dry dentin; group 2, moist dentin; group 3, wet dentin. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups for root canal filling: MTA Fillapex and GuttaFlow BioSeal. Dislocation resistance was evaluated by measuring the push-out bond strength at 3 weeks and 3 months. Failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of 5%. Results: Moist dentin resulted in higher bond strength values for both materials at both time points. This was significantly higher than wet and dry dentin for both the sealers at the 3 months (p < 0.05), while at 3 weeks it was significant only for GuttaFlow Bioseal. The different moisture conditions demonstrated similar trends in their effects on the dislocation resistance of the 2 root canal sealers. Conclusions: The dentin moisture conditions had a significant impact on its interaction with the bioactive materials tested. Maintaining moist dentin, but not dry or wet dentin, may be advantageous before the filling root canals with bioactive sealers.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.812-817
• /
• 1995

Endodontically treated teeth are usually restored for crown protection, aesthetics, and prevention of root canal recontamination. Restoration of these teeth, however, often requires intracanal posts. Various depths and techniques have been recommended for the preparation of post space. Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect that pst preparation has on the coronal seal by linear dye penetration of root canals obturated by lateral condensation, vertical condensation, and thermafil techniques. Forty canals of roots of incisors and canines were cleaned and shaped with the use of a step-back technique. Thirty canals were obturated, 10 each with lateral, vertical, and thermafil techhniques. Five root canals were obturated without a root canal sealer and served as positive controls. Another five root canals were obturated, and their coronal half was sealed with sticky wax and served as negative controls. The apical 5 to 6mm of the filling materials were exposed to india ink for 48 hours. The depth of dye penetration was measured in all groups and statistically analyzed (ANOVA). The results were as follows. 1. The apical plugs in the thermafil groups had the highest degree of coronal dye leakage. 2. The group filled by vertical condensation technique had the lowest degree of coronal dye leakage. 3. No significant statistical difference was found in the amount of coronal dye leakage in canals filled by lateral condensation versus those filled by the veritcal condensation technique. 4. Significant statistical differences in coronal dye penetration were found between the canals filled by thermafil and those filled by the lateral or vertical condensation techniques (p<0.05).

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.21.1-21.15
• /
• 2023

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Biodentine (BD), Bio-C Repair (BCR), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plug on the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth with replacement root resorption (RRR) and in vitro-induced osteoclastogenesis. Materials and Methods: Sixty bovine incisors simulating immature teeth and RRR were divided into 5 groups: BD and BCR groups, with samples completely filled with the respective materials; MTA group, which utilized a 3-mm apical MTA plug; RRR group, which received no root canal filling; and normal periodontal ligament (PL) group, which had no RRR and no root canal filling. All the teeth underwent cycling loading, and compression strength testing was performed using a universal testing machine. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 1:16 extracts of BD, BCR, and MTA containing receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) for 5 days. RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was assessed by staining with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The fracture load and osteoclast number were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results: No significant difference in fracture resistance was observed among the groups (p > 0.05). All materials similarly inhibited osteoclastogenesis (p > 0.05), except for BCR, which led to a lower percentage of osteoclasts than did MTA (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The treatment options for non-vital immature teeth with RRR did not strengthen the teeth and promoted a similar resistance to fractures in all cases. BD, MTA, and BCR showed inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation, with BCR yielding improved results compared to the other materials.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제21권2호통권165호
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 1983

This study was to investigate the effects of mynol cement on the periapical tissues of 40 molars in ten dogs. Root canal fillings were placed with mynol cement and the animals were killed at different post operative periods ranging from 1 to 5 weeks. The teeth examined on the basis of microscipic findings. The following results may be drawn; 1. 1 week after root canal fillings, the necrosis of cementum and dentin including alveolar bone was to be seen. There were severe inflammatory changes in the periodontal ligament. 2. 2 weeks after root canal fillings, edematous changes and fibrosis in the periodontal ligament were revealed. 3. After 3-4 weeks, fibrosis was more prominent than 2 weeks. 4. 5 weeks after root canal fillings, the osteoblastic activity was found abundantly surrounding the alveolar bone.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제54권8호
• /
• pp.658-665
• /
• 2016

Treatment of immature permanent teeth with irreversibly damaged pulp has been challenging in dental practice because of the lack of apical constriction, thin dentinal walls, and short roots. This may lead to the extrusion of filling materials, and fracture of the root due to its more fragile feature during shaping of the root canal. Apexification with calcium hydroxide or MTA is one of the treatment options for these cases. Although favorable results of apexification have been reported, these treatment procedures do not guarantee the increase of root length and/or width even after a long term period. Thus, treated teeth are still prone to fractures. Recently, pulp revascularization has been proposed as an alternative treatment for immature teeth with necrotic pulp and periapical pathosis. Pulp revascularization allows the stimulation of the apical development and the root maturation. There have been many treatment protocols using various materials such as antibiotics and calcium hydroxide medicament. In this case report, literature review about pulp revascularization and two related cases are presented.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.236-241
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective clinical study was to monitor the outcomes of periapical surgery in periapically infected tooth with or without retrograde filling materials (MTA or IRM). Patients and Methods: A total of 85 teeth in 63 patients were included in the study between November 2004 and August 2008. Randomly, MTA or IRM was used as a retrograde filling material or only apical resection without retrograde filling. Teeth with advanced periodontal bone loss or presence of root fracture were excluded from the study. The patients were subjected to a minimum follow-up period of 12 months, with a mean of 17.1 months. Results: Successful healing was observed in 83.3% of the MTA-treated teeth, 80% of the IRM-treated teeth and 75% of the teeth which was not retrograde filling. Doubtful healing was seen 9.3% (MTA), 13.3% (IRM), 12.5% (no retro-filling). The success rate of upper incisors (92%) was higher than lower lincisor and molars (66.7% and 50%, respectively). Conclusion: In this study, periapical surgery including retrograde filling improves the prognosis. And, no statistically significant differences were found between retrograde filling materials (MTA or IRM).

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.415-416
• /
• 1975

1. The author have had a case of class V and class Ⅲ combined carious lesion extended on to root surface of upper right lateral incisor. 2. The patient was 40 years old female. 3. After routine root canal treatment of the tooth, the gingival flap was made by vertical incision on gingival tissue between distal surface of upper right lateral incisor and mesial surface of upper right canine. 4. Cavity preparation and amalgam filling on the carious lesion were performed and the flap was sutured.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.166-179
• /
• 1999

외과적 근관치료에서 근단부의 폐쇄성은 성공에 필수적이다. 그리고 외과적 근관치료시 근단부 역충전와동은 습기나 혈액에 의해 오염되기 쉬우며 와동을 이상적으로 건조하기가 항상 용이하지는 않다. 본 연구의 목적은 미세 치근단 수술법에서 치근단 역충전와동의 건조 방법이 폐쇄성에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 함이다. 치근단 폐쇄성은 근단 누출 및 충전물-와벽 적합성으로 평가하였다. 치근단 역충전와동 건조방법에 따른 치근단 누출을 평가하기 위해서는 최근에 발거된 상악 대구치 구개측치근 125개를 와동건조 방법 및 혈액오염에 따라 4개의 군으로 분류하여 실험하였다. 각 시편치아에서 근관을 형성하고 측방가압법으로 충전한 후 각 군에 따라 저속 다이아몬드 절단기를 이용하여 치근단 3 mm를 절제하였으며 초음파 스테인레스 스틸 기구를 이용하여 깊이 3mm의 역충전 와동을 형성하고 IRM, Super EBA 또는 복합레진으로 역충전하였다. 시편을 2% methylene blue 용액에 7일간 침잠시킨 후 35% 질산 용액에서 용해시킨 다음, 원심분리한 상층액을 비색계를 이용하여 누출 색소의 흡광도를 측정하였다. 결과치는 이원변량분석법과 Duncan's Multiple Range Test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 역충전 와동 건조방법에 따른 충전물-와벽 적합성을 평가하기 위해서는 상악 제 1대구치의 구개측 치근 12개를 상기와 같이 4개 군으로 분류하여 근관충전, 역충전와동 형성, 와동 건조 및 역충전을 실험하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 압축공기나 paper point로 와동을 건조한 군이, 역충전 와동을 IRM 간이충전재, Super EBA 시멘트 및 복합레진으로 충전한 경우 공히, cottton pellet 만으로 와동을 건조한 군에 비해 적은 치큰단 누출을 나타내었는데 이는 Super EBA 시멘트 충전군에서만 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 그러나 충전재료에 관계없이 paper point로 와동을 건조한 군과 압축공기로 건조한 군 사이에는 유의한 누출의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2. 압축공기로 와동을 건조한 경우에는, 복합레진으로 충전한 군이 IRM이나 Super EBA로 충전한 군에 비해 유의하게 적은 치근단 누출을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 와동을 혈액으로 오염시킨 경우에는, 역충전 와동을 IRM, Super EBA 및 복합레진으로 충전한 군 공히, 압축공기로 와동내부를 건조한 경우에 비해 유의하게 많은 치큰단 누출을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 4. IRM 간이충전재나 Super EBA 시멘트로 역충전와동을 충전한 경우, 와동측벽의 외측 1/2이 내측 1/2에 비해 넓은 충전물-치질 사이 틈을 나타내었다. 5. IRM 간이충전재, Super EBA 시멘트 및 복합레진으로 역충전와동을 충전한 경우 공히, 와동이 혈액에 의해 오염되었거나 와동을 cotton pellet으로만 건조한 경우가 paper point나 압축공기로 와동을 건조한 경우에 비해 와동기저부에 큰 틈을 나타내는 양상을 보였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare the density of gutta-percha root fillings obturated with the following techniques: cold lateral (CL) compaction, ultrasonic lateral (UL) compaction, and warm vertical (WV) compaction. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three extracted mandibular first molars, with two separate mesial canals in each, were selected. After instrumentation, the canals were stratified into three groups based on canal length and curvature, and underwent obturation with one of the techniques. No sealer was used in order to avoid masking any voids. The teeth were imaged pre- and post-obturation using micro-computed tomography. The reconstructed three-dimensional images were analyzed volumetrically to determine the amount of gutta-percha present in every 2 mm segment of the canal. P values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The overall mean volume fraction of gutta-percha was $68.51{\pm}6.75%$ for CL, $86.56{\pm}5.00%$ for UL, and $88.91{\pm}5.16%$ for WV. Significant differences were found between CL and UL and between CL and WV (p < 0.05), but not between UL and WV (p = 0.526). The gutta-percha density of the roots treated with WV and UL increased towards the coronal aspect, but this trend was not noted in the CL group. Conclusions: WV compaction and UL compaction produced a significantly denser gutta-percha root filling than CL compaction. The density of gutta-percha was observed to increase towards the coronal aspect when the former two techniques were used.