• 건축역사연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.9-22
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analyse the architectural character of JE-DAMG at farm village in Ulsan. JE-DANG means the building for DONG-JE (the sacrificial rite of a village). The regions of this study are KANG-DONG MYEN, and UNG-CHON MYEN in Ulsan. The method of this study is the analysis of them after the actual field surveys of 47 JE-DANGs in these regions The survey contains the area, the height, the period of the erection, the architectural structure, the roof shape, the material, the landowner, SHIN-CHE (means a god's name and shape), DANG-SU tree and so on. Methods of the survey are the field survey, the interview of villager, the analysis of reference data and so on. Results of the study are below. JE-DANGs(buildings) of these regions had been built first in the period of Japanese occupancy and erections of them had continued until 1970's. Since then, they have been rebuilt. The primary JE-DANG is characterized by a tiled roof, a wooden post lintel, a mud-plastered wall, and a wooden door. After rebuilding, characters are a flat slab, a tiled roof, a structure of using red bricks, and the area is getting larger than the primary JE-DANG, but 1 KAN persists without variety. Most of houses in the inland area like UNG-CHON MYEN face the south, and ones in the coastal area like KANG-BONG MYEN face the east. Generally there is DANG-SU tree behind JE-DANG. That proves DANG-SU tree to be the object of the rite. The species of DANG-SU is a pine in general ,but various in UNG-CHON MYEN. In general names of the god are DONG-SHIN , DANG-SAN SHIN and SUNG-HWANG SHIN. I think that the landownership of JE-DANG should change the private ownership into the village ownership to preserve JE-DANG though most of lands of JE-DANG are private ones.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2012

Dimensions, operation conditions and improvement items for round roof windows were investigated in arch shape single-span plastic greenhouse with roof vents, and natural ventilation performance was analyzed based on the ventilation theory. Diameter of round roof windows was mostly 60 cm, and chimney height projected on roof was average 30 cm. Installation space was mostly 5 to 6 m but farmhouse of 10 m and over was 16.7% also. A round roof window which has 60 cm diameter was installed to 6 m space generally and 80 cm diameter was installed to 10 m space, but correct standards did not exist. There were a lot of opinions that ventilation effect of round roof windows is fairly good and user satisfaction is generally excellent. It is problem that there is few effects in summer and that vinyl around each vent tears well and rainwater leaks, and improvement hope item required development of automatic control system. In the wind speed of 0.3 m/s, it was estimated that natural ventilation rates were 0.69, 0.55, 0.50 and 0.48 volumes per minute in case of 2, 4, 6 and 8 m installation space for round roof windows, respectively. It was analyzed that the ratio of ventilation due to buoyancy out of total ventilation were 65.2, 41.9, 29.9 and 22.8% in case of 2, 4, 6 and 8m installation space, respectively. By the round roof windows installed at space of 6 m, ventilation rate was estimated to 0.5 volumes per minute, and we can expect the increase in ventilation rate of 30%. In order to meet the recommended ventilation rate for summer season, we have to install the round roof windows at space of 1 to 2 m. However, it is difficult to apply those installation space because of falling productivity due to lower light transmittance as well as rising costs. It is estimated that the installation space of 6m is appropriate for spring or fall season. Therefore it is necessary to encourage installing the roof windows in single-span plastic greenhouses.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8394-8399
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• 2015

본 논문은 서천군 기산면 신산리 120번지에 위치한 중요민속자료 제197호로 지정된 이하복 가옥을 대상으로 입지분석 및 공간구성에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 이하복가옥의 입지는 풍수적으로 잘 갖추어진 배산임수(背山臨水)의 면견형(眠犬形)의 터를 입지로 선정하였다. 가옥의 공간구성은 ㄱ자형 안채, ㅡ자형 사랑채와 광채 등을 대지에 순응해서 ㅁ자 배치로 조성한 중부지방의 전통적인 농가의 모습을 하고 있는 초가임을 확인할 수 있었다. 오늘날 화려하고 규모가 큰 반가들이 많이 남은 현실에서 조선시대 민가의 모습을 보여주는 몇 채 안 되는 초가로서 건축학적인 가치가 적지 않다고 판단된다.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2010

국내 전체 시설원예에서 파이프 골조로 시공된 비닐하우스가 99.2%이며 구조적으로 취약한 단동형 유리온실이 대부분이다. 이에 현재 국내에서 사용하고 있는 단동형 연통형 단동형 3개로 구성된 배치형 비닐하우스의 지붕면에 대한 피크외압계수에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 실험결과 단동형이 연동형보다 30%정도 큰 피크외압계수로 분포하고 있었다. 배치형 비닐하우스의 지붕면 피크외압계수도 3개동 모두에서 단동형보다 크게 20-30%정도 크게 분포하고 있었다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2024

Large-span cantilevered roof represents a unique type of structure that is vulnerable to wind loads. Inspired by the need to maximumly reducing the rooftop wind loads, this study examined the feasibility of positioning vented slots on the leading edge, and the effectiveness of such aerodynamic mitigation measures are assessed via both physical and numerical simulations. The reliability of numerical simulation was evaluated via comparisons with the wind tunnel tests. The results indicated that, the variation of venting hole arrangement can cause significant change in the rooftop wind load characteristics. For the cases involved in this study, the maximum reduction of mean and peak wind suction coefficients are found to be 9% and 8% as compared to the original circular slot without venting holes. In addition, the effect of slot shape is also evident. It was shown that the triangular shaped slot tends to increase the wind suction near the leading edge, whereas the hexagonal and octagonal shaped slots are found to decrease the wind suction. In particular, with the installation of octagonal shaped slot, the maximum reduction of wind suction coefficients near the leading edge reaches up to 31% as compared to the circular shaped slot, while the maximum reduction of mean wind suction coefficients is about 30%.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2023

In the present work, the vibration characteristics of sandwich nanocomposite shells, fortified with graphene platelets (GPLs) have been researched. The shell has been considered as the stadium roof shape with double curvatures under vibration due to earthquake. The nanocomposite has the matrix of concrete which is fortified with uniform or linear dispersions of GPLs. Also, the core possesses cellular type square architecture for which the effective elastic modulus has been defined in the context of relative density based relations. Based upon the classic shell strains containing two identical curvatures, the governing equations have been established and solved through differential quadrature approach. It will be seen that the vibrational frequencies rely on the core relative density, height of layers, the amount and dispersions of GPLs and even shell geometric parameters.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2009

Pipe section of bending part at the arch type pipe-house showed an ellipse with oblateness of 0.076 on the average. Flexural rigidity of bending part decreased by average 6.3% than that of an original round shape section. The deflection of arch type pipe-house measured by model experiments showed much bigger than the result of structural analysis. In case of arch type pipe-house, we supposed that the decrease of flexural rigidity for the bending part of pipes had an effect on deflection of roof under the working load. This effect should be considered in the structural analysis. Bending resistance of gable type pipe-house used a prefabricated connector which developed in this study showed about $1.5{\sim}1.8$ times stronger than that of the existing arch type or gable type processed bending. Therefore, we supposed that the gable-roofed prefabricated pipe-house is safer than arch type or bent gable type in case of heavy snowfall. According to house scales and section properties of steel pipe in use, safe snow depths and rafter intervals were presented for design of gable-roofed prefabricated pipe-house. Their standards were established in the range of the durable models recommended by RDA, and the comparative examinations were conducted by means of structural analysis. It was evaluated that the developed greenhouse model had a high applicability in the field.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.233-243
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• 2021

Rib spalling is a major issue affecting the safety of steeply inclined coal seam. And the failure coal face and support system can be affected with each other to generate a vicious cycle along with inducing large-scale collapse of surrounding rock in steeply inclined coal seam. In order to analyze failure mechanism and propose the corresponding prominent control measures of steeply inclined coal working face, mechanical model based on coal face-support-roof system and mechanical model of coal face failure was established to reveal the disaster mechanism of rib spalling and the sensitive analysis of related factors was performed. Furthermore, taking 3402 working face of Chen-man-zhuang coal mine as engineering background, numerical model by using FLAC3D was built to illustrate the propagation of displacement and stress fields in steeply inclined coal seam and verify the theory analysis as mentioned in this study. The results show that the coal face slide body in steeply inclined working face can be observed as the failure height of upper layer smaller than that of lower layer exhibiting with an irregular quadrilateral pyramid shape. Moreover, the cracks were originated from the upper layer of sliding body and gradually developed to the lower layer causing the final rib spalling. The influence factors on the stability of coal face can be ranked as overlying strata pressure (P) > mechanical parameters of coal body (e.g., cohesion (c), internal fraction angle (φ)) > support strength (F) > the support force of protecting piece (F') > the false angle of working face (Θ). Moreover, the corresponding control measures to maintain the stability of the coal face in the steeply inclined working face were proposed.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.260-267
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• 1999

In this paper, We propose the initial shape finding and dynamic analysis of cable dome structure are presented. Cable dome that is consist of three component such as cable, strut and fabric membrane have complex structural characteristics. Main structural system of cable dome is cable-strut tensegric system, and fabric membrane element Is conceived as cladding roof material. One of the important problem of cable dome is shape finding of those subjected to cable and membrane forces, which stabilize the structures. And the other is structural response from external load effect such as snow and wind When cable dome are subjected to dynamic load such as wind load each structural component has many important problem because of their special structural characteristics. One problem is that geometrical nonlinearity should be considered in the dynamic analysis because large deformation is occurred from their flexible characteristic. The other problem is that wrinkling occurs occasionally because cable and membrane elements can not transmit compressive forces. So this paper describe the physical structural response of cable dome structure.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

This study examines the optimum shape of a trolley, the driving device of the retractable membrane roof. The closed-type trolley was determined as the model of the study, and a trolley composed of cylindrical-shaped inner and outer holders was selected as the basic model. Based on this model, a cylindrical-based optimal trolley model was proposed. In the basic trolley model, steel was used for the outer holder, and steel, titanium, and aluminum were used for the inner holder. In each case, the most economical shape for the external load of the basic model was newly proposed through the topology optimization process, and the finite element analysis results of the proposed model were compared to define the durability and economics. Here, topology optimization analysis and finite element analysis used the commercial software ANSYS. As a result of optimization, the volume of the outer holder of the trolley was reduced by 58.2% and the volume of the inner holder was reduced by 25.0% compared to the basic model. In the case of stress, a stress increase of 43.2 to 79.2% occurred depending on the material of the inner holder, but it was found to be significantly lower than the yield strength, thereby ensuring safety.