• International Journal of Contents
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

The music industry of the digital age has witnessed seemingly endless battles involving copyright. Though continuous efforts to strengthen copyright under romantic understating have benefited major actors in the industry, it has threatened creativity and net activism in the digital age. This study argues rhetoric used by the industry regarding how file sharing and digital environments hurt music sales is inadequate. It has enabled the industry and its major labels to embolden copyright and protective legislation with the government's support. This article will reveal that the issue surrounding copyright under the romantic notion is not an outdated one confined to the early era of digital music This article will argue that major players in the industry are repeating the old strategic approach of controlling the music market. This is achieved by limiting practices of music audiences and future creativity such as the creation of amateur content and emergence of new business models.

• Trans-
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• v.5
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• pp.49-64
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• 2018

Marshall Mcluhan, a media scholar, created the word Gutenberg Gaaxy meaning the new environment formulated by printing technic and he insisted that it changed human life entirely. In the history of human, the media evolved into printing technic through oral and transcription. This evolution of media and the environment created by the media are the most important point of Mcluhan's theory. He sees the world as the result of media evolution. In mcluhan's sight, Gutenberg Galaxy is the first environment composed by the media. Based on the mcluhan's theory, this study focused on the environment created by the media and applied it into the western music history. The link of the Gutenberg Galaxy and the western music, especially in romantic era, will be the main subject of the study. The Book is the most representative media of the printing technic. In the era of oral and transcription, the communication was limited by the spatial restriction. However, the book was free to spatial condition and this character of the book made the knowledge free. The knowledges delivered by the oral and transcription were mostly the matter of mundane world because they are so close to the human life, even though they are narrating about the God's world. The book, free to expanding the knowledge beyond the world, made the knowledge transcendent and expanded the sight of the humans into the transcendent world. The modern western world is the product of the expanded knowledge by the book and so does the music. In the time of printing technic, the music begun to gain the population by the printed sheet music. As delivering the music through the printed sheet, the music received transcendence and mystery as meeting the spirit of the times. This link formed by the time of Gutenberg Galaxy will be the main focus of the study and it will prove the link between the media and the western music.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.84-93
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• 1978

An acoustical rating for the occupied hall of our National Theatre is presented for symphony orchestra and opera by theoretical estimation of various acoustical qualities from the basis of measured reverberation times in its vacant stste. The result is that by serious poverty of liveness a romantic music, typical symphony orchestra and even classical music are very difficult to be performed and only a baroque music is scarcely allowable to be performed in this hall. As for opera, wagnerians are difficult and italians are performable to some extent. Some discussions are given for which defects are more serious in this hall and some possible accustical corrections are also suggested for its better performance.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1-24
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• 2021

This study aimed to explore the fashion design and style features, and differences in BLACKPINK, TWICE, and Red Velvet girl groups. A total of 469 fashion photos (132 BLACKPINK, 217 TWICE, 120 Red Velvet) focusing on 23 title songs (7 BLACKPINK, 9 TWICE, 7 Red Velvet) were collected. Photo classification work was carried out in accordance with the design analysis criteria and the results were derived by combining statistical analysis and content analysis. BLACKPINK's fashion design characteristics showed a lot of complex colors, shade tone, pure tone, contrast color coordination, stylistic pattern, slit, patchwork, checklist method, sexy and avant-garde images. TWICE's fashion design characteristics included warm color, complex color, tint tone, monotone, contrast color coordination, tone-on-tone, geometric & stylistic patterns, cotton, silk, a combination of the same material, frill, beads, ribbon decoration, blouse, skirt, and many romantic and ethnic images. Red Velvet's fashion design characteristics were a cold color, moderate tone, monotone, cotton, velvet, geometric pattern, zipper, sequins, T-shirt, pants, tie, belt, and many retro and active images. The fashion styles of BLACKPINK, TWICE, and Red Velvet were as follows. BLACKPINK was divided into sexy avant-garde, sexy active, sexy romantic styles. TWICE was divided into romantic active, romantic classical, and romantic ethnic styles. Red Velvet was divided into retro active, retro sexy, and retro avant-garde styles.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-29
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze eroticism shown in the fashion of Lady Gaga's music video. This study methods taken theoretical consideration and then was classified eroticism based on previous studies and was analyzed costumes from Lady Gaga's music video. The results of this study were as follows: Avant-garde style exaggerates shoulders, hips, a hat or uses metal and glossy material, tape, leather and it was expressed into emphasizing or baldly exposing breast. Primitive style was expressed in ethnic style and animal patterns, lingerie look with drastic, bald exposing fashion. Romantic style was expressed using rococo style costume, frill, pleats, decoration and was produces eroticism with see-through look or costume fitting to the body. Sportive style expresses a healthier and erotic image using tight costume in yellow, blue and black while exposing belly and legs. Janus-faced style was expressed by dressing up like a man or using the method of attachment and exposure in clergy's costume. Humorous style was expressed by emphasizing parts of body or costume itself. As examined in the above, Lady Gaga was expressed various eroticism images in her music video and is builds her own sexually appealing.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.05b
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• pp.858-860
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• 2011

고전주의에서 낭만주의로의 표현방식의 전환은 인간개성 표출에 대한 자유라는 측면에서 그 의미가 크다. 형식이 중요했던 시기는 감정보다 이성적인 면이 발전하게 되고, 인간감정이 우선되는 시기에는 기존형식이라는 틀이 무너지면서 방종에 가까운 표현 방식도 나타나게 된다. 문학이나 음악에서도 특정시기에 필연적으로 등장하게 되는 표현방식이 존재하게 된다. 이 연구에서는 19세기 미국의 낭만주의 문학을 대표하는 에드거 앨런 포우의 작품과 마일즈 데이비스의 20세기 중반 모달재즈의 태동에서 나타난 표현 양식의 변화에서 그 유사점을 찾고, 변화과정상 50년대 후반 모달재즈의 시기를 재즈 낭만주의로 간주한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.133-144
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to examine a distinctive feature and meaning of Reggae fashion and to establish a form of design on the basis of the Reggae style appeared in the 1990s. For the study, we review a formative background and stream of the Reggae fashion. And then, characteristics of the Reggae fashion is clarified through analyzing street fashion and High-fashion. The result of the analysis demonstrates that the Reggae fashion as a general term of the fashion style is connected to the Reggae musci emerged from Such socio-cultural changes as the tendency of the anti-fashion , the influence of the Afro-fashion , and the popularity of the Reggae music. The reggae fashion has been altered in terms of its style with the lapse of time-Rastafaran style, Raggnuffins and Bhangra style, Hip-hop Reggae style. The Reggae fashion emerged in the 1990s falls into three styles ; Afro-Reggae style, Feminine Reggae style, and Sporty Reggae style. The above mentioned results demonstrate that the design of Reggae fashion targets fro a youth in one's early 20s following a tendency in the 1990s and the 2000s. The design concept represents Romantic Reggae.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.726-743
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• 2021

This study tried to examine the fashion design and style of representative K-Pop boy groups BTS and SEVENTEEN appearing on music shows. The data collection was conducted on 4 music programs(Inkigayo, Music Bank, Show! Music Core, M COUNTDOWN) and YouTube(www.youtube.com) for each boy who worked for 5 years from January 2016 to December 2020. Result analysis utilized the stage scenes and music videos of the title songs of BTS and Seventeen. As for the fashion design and style characteristics of BTS, it was found that overall, the color, pattern, and decoration of the bottom were minimized, and the style was changed mainly by the top of the denim pants. As for Seventeen's fashion design and style characteristics, it was analyzed that plain simple slacks, bright and modest chromatic colors, and geometric and stylistic patterns with street retro sensibility were relatively emphasized, and natural and romantic images appeared a lot. As a result of examining the differences in fashion design and style characteristics between BTS and Seventeen, significant differences were found in color, tone, color scheme, material type, material combination, detail, trimming, pattern, accessories, and fashion image. Overall, it was found that both groups minimized the use of decorative elements such as patterns, details, and trimmings.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.139
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• pp.265-313
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• 2016

This research aims to reconstruct the philosophical content and essence of Schopenhauer's metaphysics of music in his book, Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung, particularly in paragraph 52, and to pay close attention to its theoretical account of music in the context of traditional musical aesthetics. The question whether Schopenhauer's theory of music is about aesthetics of feeling or about absolute music is dealt with at the end of this paper. It can be answered only within the whole system of his philosophy, because Schopenhauer's theory of music is the result of his philosophical reflections, and plays an important part in his metaphysics of the will. Schopenhauer's music theory, or rather his metaphysics of music, thus cannot be treated separately from Schopenhauer's metaphysics of the will, and is connected organically with it. As the metaphysics of the will lies in suspense between the traditional metaphysical philosophy and the non-metaphysical philosophy after Nietzsche, between the idealism and the philosophy of the body, the music aesthetics of Schopenhauer oscillates between the (romantic) aesthetics of feeling and the modern idea of absolute music.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.87-95
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• 2013

"Gone with the wind"(1939, Directed by Victor Fleming) was produced in the stylistic conventions of the classical hollywood cinema, and thus the musical employment also followed the norms of the style, such as late Romantic musical style, serving the narrative, signifier of emotion, and giving continuity and unity. But, at the same time, the statement of the classical theory that the music hides and tailors itself to support the drama - invisibility, inaudibility, narrative cuing and so on - does not seem to explain the musical employment of "Gone with the wind." On the contrary, it hires music to put itself forward, and often times it stops the narrative to show musical spectacles for which the image is tailored to fit the music. These are more of music theatre or music drama features rather than the conventional underscore of the films in that period. In this study analysed the musical employment of "Gone with the wind" to see how it took full advantage of music to lead the narrative in a more active way and to make musical spectacles, by borrowing the technique and style of music theatre, such as, overture and entr'acte, similarities with film musicals, Wagnerism influence, and the use of songs.