• Ocean policy research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.113-137
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the conflicts in fishing villages, focusing on the Fishing Village New Deal 300 Project. In order to solve the research problem, the case analysis method was selected among qualitative research methods. Interviewees were selected as the village leaders and the MP(master planner) at the center of the project contest and promotion process. Of the leaders who were in charge of the project or in the villages selected for the project, three leaders who fully understood the purpose of this study were selected. The categorized results are as follows: First, difficulties in forming regional councils due to indifference of residents. Second, demanding excessive sacrifice of the leader. Third, the leader and the residents distrust of the local government. Fourth, the non-cooperation and intentional interference of the residents. Preventing and managing these conflicts is as follows: First, the regional arrangement of experts at the national level. Second, education for improving residents awareness. Third, structuralization of pre-learning and refueling systems. Forth, participation of residents in the decision-making process, Fifth, development and application of a practical road-map.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.162-163
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• 2023

As the development of the 4^th industiral revolution in the maritime industry has progressed, the technical development of autonomous ships, and the development of international regulations have been accelerated. In particular, the IMO Maritime Safety Committee(MSC) has established a road-map for the development of the non-mandatory goal-based MASS instrument(MASS Code) and started developing a non-mandatory MASS Code at MSC 105^th meeting. Many countries are actively participating in the Correspondence Group on the development of MASS Code, and the development of detailed requirements for MASS functions in the MASS Code is underway. Especially, the concept of "Mode of Operation" for MASS functions was mentioned in the Correspondence Group for the first time, and it is expected that discussions on these modes will be conducted from the IMO MASS JWG meeting to held in April 2023. The concept of "Mode of Operation" will be useful in explaining MASS and MASS functions and will be discussed in the future for the development of MASS Code. This paper reviews the contents of the IMCA M 220 document, which provides guidelines on operating modes, to conduct research on the benchmark for setting the operating modes of MASS.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.197-207
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• 2016

This study aims at providing basic data to objectively evaluate the areas suitable for reintroduction of the species of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in order to effectively preserve the Asiatic black bears in the Korean protection areas including national parks, and for the species restoration success. To this end, this study predicted the potential habitats in East Asia, Southeast Asia and India, where there are the records of Asiatic black bears' appearances using the Maxent model and environmental variables related with climate, topography, road and land use. In addition, this study evaluated the effects of the relevant climate and environmental variables. This study also analyzed inhabitation range area suitable for Asiatic black and geographic change according to future climate change. As for the judgment accuracy of the Maxent model widely utilized for habitat distribution research of wildlife for preservation, AUC value was calculated as 0.893 (sd=0.121). This was useful in predicting Asiatic black bears' potential habitat and evaluate the habitat change characteristics according to future climate change. Compare to the distribution map of Asiatic black bears evaluated by IUCN, Habitat suitability by the Maxent model were regionally diverse in extant areas and low in the extinct areas from IUCN map. This can be the result reflecting the regional difference in the environmental conditions where Asiatic black bears inhabit. As for the environment affecting the potential habitat distribution of Asiatic black bears, inhabitation rate was the highest, according to land coverage type, compared to climate, topography and artificial factors like distance from road. Especially, the area of deciduous broadleaf forest was predicted to be preferred, in comparison with other land coverage types. Annual mean precipitation and the precipitation during the driest period were projected to affect more than temperature's annual range, and the inhabitation possibility was higher, as distance was farther from road. The reason is that Asiatic black bears are conjectured to prefer more stable area without human's intervention, as well as prey resource. The inhabitation range was predicted to be expanded gradually to the southern part of India, China's southeast coast and adjacent inland area, and Vietnam, Laos and Malaysia in the eastern coastal areas of Southeast Asia. The following areas are forecast to be the core areas, where Asiatic black bears can inhabit in the Asian region: Jeonnam, Jeonbuk and Gangwon areas in South Korea, Kyushu, Chugoku, Shikoku, Chubu, Kanto and Tohoku's border area in Japan, and Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Fujian border area in China. This study is expected to be used as basic data for the preservation and efficient management of Asiatic black bear's habitat, artificially introduced individual bear's release area selection, and the management of collision zones with humans.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2009

The method to generate a digital elevation model(DEM) from contour lines causes a problem in which the low relief landform cannot be clearly presented due to the fact that it is significantly influenced by the expression of micro landform elements according to the interval of contours. Thus, this study attempts to develop a landcover burning method that recovers the micro relief landform of the DEM, which applies buffering and map algebra methods by inputting the elevation information to the landcover. In the recovering process of the micro landform, the DEM was recovered using the buffering method and elevation information through the map algebra for the landcover element for the micro landform among the primary DEM generation, making landcover map, and landcover elements. The recovering of the micro landform was applied based on stream landforms. The recovering of landforms using the buffering method was performed for the bar, which is a polygonal element, and wetland according to the properties of concave/convex through generating contours with a uniform interval in which the elevation information applied to the recovered landform. In the case of the linear elements, such as bank, road, waterway, and tributary, the landform can be recovered by using the elevation information through applying a map algebra function. Because the polygonal elements, such as stream channel, river terrace, and artificial objects (farmlands) are determined as a flat property, these are recovered by inputting constant elevation values. The results of this study were compared and analyzed for the degree of landform expression between the original DEM and the recovered DEM. In the results of the analysis, the DEM produced by using the conventional method showed few expressions in micro landform elements. The method developed in this study well described wetland, bar, landform around rivers, farmland, bank, river terrace, and artificial objects. It can be expected that the results of this study contribute to the classification and analysis of micro landforms, plain and the ecology and environment study that requires the recovering of micro landforms around streams and rivers.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1D
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• pp.13-22
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• 2012

The 119 emergency rescue-aid service operated by Korean government is a very valuable in a society and its importance is growing in Korea as an aging society. Especially, the emergency vehicle's arrival time to accidents place is an important variable which affects initial emergency measure for patients and it depends on the road network attributes, such as emergency service station's location, accessibility to accidents place and so on. This study aims to analysis the emergency vehicles' arrival delay and the dispatch station in the viewpoint of efficiency utilizing the real rescue-aid activity data. We analyzed the dispatch distribution of the emergency rescue-aid service at first. And we analyzed high accident rate locations not involved in the fixed radius of rescue-aid service stations and display GIS map showing regions have been delayed. The input data of the road network speed is based on the KTDB (Korea Transportation Database) and historical rescue-aid data is from Gyeongsangbuk-do's fire service headquarters.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.669-683
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• 2012

The water supply pipes are buried across wide range of areas, so it is hard to spot them using excavation and takes a large amount of expense. Thus, there is a high risk for direct research and application, accompanying many difficulties in implementation of them. Therefore, it is more economical and convenient to use indirect evaluation variables than direct evaluation of the buried pipes in assessing the degree of pipe deterioration. To assess the degree of pipe deterioration using the indirect evaluation variables, it should be done first to identify how and to what extent they affect the degree of deterioration. This study measured the evaluation variables for pipe deterioration using the pipe endoscope and analyzed the measurement results and the degree of impact on the pipes. In addition, this study attempted to evaluate the adequateness of the pipe deterioration evaluation using the indirect variables based on the analysis results. The evaluation variables measured through the pipe endoscope were the thickness of sediments, size of scale, degree of desquamation and condition of connections. For the indirect evaluation variables, the data such as the property data from GIS pipe network map as well as the material, diameter, age and pipe lining material of the pipe, road type, leakage frequency, average water velocity and water pressure using the leakage repair records was collected. Using the collected data, this study comparatively analyzed the indirect evaluation variables for the degree of pipe deterioration and the results from the pipe endoscope to choose appropriate variables for pipe deterioration evaluation and calculated the weights of the indirect variables on the degree of deterioration. The results showed that the order of the impact of indirect variables on deterioration was pipe age > pipe lining material > road type > leakage frequency > average water velocity with their weights of 0.45, 0.20, 0.15, 0.10, and 0.10, respectively. Conclusively, the results suggest that the measures of sediment thickness, scale size, degree of desquamation and condition of connections are appropriate for the evaluation of pipe deterioration and sufficient for the analysis of the impact of the indirect variables on deterioration.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.111-121
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• 2019

Recently, through the services that use drones at fire sites to deliver on-site and road conditions into the situation room and life-saving activities or the deliveries of first aid outfits at the accident scenes that are inaccessible to humans, there are more and more cases of dealing with emergency situations. Therefore, by studying the service design using drones in the initial stage of response to fires in dense residential areas, this study was intended to reify the service design area of the response stage, including the dispatch of fire sites and the fire suppression. To do this, through literature researches, research directions were explored by examining the concept and process review of service design, and by analyzing the application cases using service design. In order examine the validity of this study, a one-on-one interview was conducted to identify the use and problems of drones among incumbent firefighters, and identified the applicability of drones to fire sites by targeting drone experts. Field research was conducted to identify the location and distance of road conditions, site conditions, and 119 safety centers, by making Yongsan-gu, the most vulnerable area to fire in Seoul, as a research sample. And, among the methodologies of service design, Persona and Customer Journey Map were prepared and Insight was derived, by using virtual scenarios for the experience values and behavior analyses of the interested parties. Through these processes, this researcher intended to present the fire-response service design and help establish the direction of service design in the initial stages of fire in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.5 s.154
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• pp.379-390
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• 2005

This study is to trace the change of stream shape using the past series of aortal photographs and topographic maps, and to compare the land use changes of inland along the stream. For the Gyeongan first & second class of local stream, aerial photographs of 1966, 1981 and 2000 were selected and ortho photographs were made with interior orientation and exterior orientation, respectively. In addition, topographic maps of 1914 - 1915 were used to compare with stream of 1966, 1981 and 2000. As apparent changes of the stream, the consolidated reaches of stream with levee construction were straightened and their stream width widened. Especially the stream width of inlet part of Paldang lake was widened almost twice because of the rise of water level by dam construction in 1974. The land use maps (1966, 1981, 2000) of riparian areas were also made, respectively and classified into 6 categories (water, forest, agricultural land, urban area, road, sandbar) by digitizing, The main changes of land use were agricultural land, urban area, road and sandbar.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.261-274
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• 2004

The feature extraction using remotely sensed imagery has been recognized one of the important tasks in remote sensing applications. As the high-resolution imagery are widely used to the engineering purposes, need of more accurate feature information also is increasing. Especially, in case of the automatic extraction of linear feature such as road using mid or low-resolution imagery, several techniques was developed and applied in the mean time. But quantitatively comparative analysis of techniques and case studies for high-resolution imagery is rare. In this study, we implemented a computer program to perform and compare GDPA (Gradient Direction Profile Analysis) algorithm and Hough transformation. Also the results of applying two techniques to some images were compared with road centerline layers and boundary layers of digital map and presented. For quantitative comparison, the ranking method using commission error and omission error was used. As results, Hough transform had high accuracy over 20% on the average. As for execution speed, GDPA shows main advantage over Hough transform. But the accuracy was not remarkable difference between GDPA and Hough transform, when the noise removal was app]ied to the result of GDPA. In conclusion, it is expected that GDPA have more advantage than Hough transform in the application side.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.97-110
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• 2018

This study examined the value of the old roads and roadscapes as modern assets. Topographic maps of the two years (1916 and 1919, which were produced by the Japanese Government-General of Korea) and the digital topographic map produced in 2017, were analyzed. The total amount of roads that have survived for the past 100 years are located in 108 places and total 26.32km. After examining the remnants of the roads in YeongDo, the type of scenery experienced along the roads were classified into nine kinds. The place where a sequential scenery experience takes place due to the survival of the past, the experience is based on the transition of historical scenery, not the scenery of the present time. A new model that can preserve, manage and plan this scenery is required. Therefore, we propose a new landscape model that elevates the concept of gaze from a spatial concept to a spatiotemporal concept. Based on this model, we propose a conservation criterion of the landscape viewed on the road as a viewpoint. As a modern asset for the next 100 years of YeongDo, it is necessary to understand and preserve the meaning of the landscape and roadside scenery as a transit landscape network. The remnant of roads from 100 years ago suggests that the scenery on the road was has been maintained, and it is the historical landscape of the YeongDo area. Through the landscape conservation plan proposed in this study, it is expected that the historical roads and their landscape will be positioned as a modern asset and an aspect of local heritage, and the future conservation and management of the roads and roadscapes will continue.