• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2010

To understand the initial changes in the microbial activities of wetland soil after construction, dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and denitrification potential (DNP) of soil from 1 natural wetland and 2 newly constructed wetlands were monitored. Soil samples were collected from the Daepyung marsh as a natural wetland, a treatment wetland in the West Nakdong River, and an experimental wetland in the Pukyong National University, Busan. The results showed that the DHA of the natural wetland soil was 6.1 times higher than that of the experimental wetland and similar to that of the treatment wetland 6 months after wetland construction (fall). Few differences were observed in the DNP between the soil samples from the natural wetland and 2 constructed wetlands four months after wetland construction (summer). However, 6 months after the construction (fall), the DNP of the soil samples from the natural wetland was 12.9 times and 1.8 times higher than that of the experimental wetland and the treatment wetland, respectively. These results suggested that the presence of organic matter as a carbon source in the wetland soil affects the DHA of wetland soil. Seasonal variation of wetland environment, acclimation time under anaerobic or anoxic wetland conditions, and the presence of carbon source also affect the DNP of the wetland soil. The results imply that the newly constructed wetland requires some period of time for having the better contaminant removal performance through biogeochemical processes. Therefore, those microbial activities and related indicators could be considered for wetland management such as operation and performance monitoring of wetlands.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.622-629
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• 2009

This study intended to collect data for evaluating the meteorological value of Upo Wetland which is the largest wetland in the downstream of Nakdong River. The observations were conducted in summer at the Upo Wetland and its surrounding paddy field that is the converted areas from a wetland to a paddy field. The following results are obtained: 1) The temperature of Upo Wetland area was $1^{\circ}C$ lower than the surrounding area during the day while it was a little higher during the night.; 2) The maximum wind speed in the Upo Wetland area was 3.5 m/s which is stronger than 1.6 m/s of its surrounding area. The south wind was observed in the farmland for most of the day while north winds and south winds alternated between day and night in Upo Wetland.; 3) In heat budget analysis, Upo Wetland was wasted in the form of latent heat rather than sensible heat in daytime.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.344-354
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• 2007

본 연구는 한강하구역에 위치한 33개 표준유역을 대상으로 1910년대, 1970년대, 2000년대 지형도를 이용하여 하구습지를 추출하여 공간적 분포특성과 시기별 변동추이를 분석한 것이다. 또한 하계밀도, 유역의 위치 및 크기, 경사도, 평균표고 등 유역특성이 하구습지 분포와 어떤 관계를 갖고 있는지 살펴보고, 개발사업 등 인위적 교란이 하구습지 훼손에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 지형도 분석결과, 하구습지는 1910년대부터 1970년대까지 완만하게 감소하였으며, 수도권이 팽창하기 시작한 1970년대 이후 한강하구의 습지는 급속하게 훼손되었다. 표준유역의 위치에 따라 하구습지를 구성하는 퇴적물 구성비율도 다르게 나타났는데, 해안에 인접한 유역에서는 갯벌(펄)의 구성비율이 높고 한강본류 및 지류에 인접한 유역에서는 사구나 습지(식생군락)가 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유역면적이 넓고 경사가 급하며 평균표고가 낮은 지역에서 하구습지는 광범위하게 분포하였다. 1970년대 이후 하구습지는 인위적 교란이 높은 한강서울, 한강서해, 한강고양 권역에서 크게 훼손된 반면 군사적 이유로 민간인의 출입이 제한된 임진강하류 및 한강하류 권역에서는 감소폭이 낮았다. 특히 지난 30여년 동안 인구증가율이 높으며 인공적인 토지피복 구성비율이 높아진 유역에서 하구습지의 훼손이 높게 나타났다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.367-371
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• 2005

Soil samples were collected from new-developed wetland soil ecosystem of Tamarix chinesis plantation in Chinese Yellow River Delta in different months of 2003. Soil characteristics, temporal change and spatial distribution of microbial community composition and their relationship with nitrogen turnover and circling were investigated in order to analyze and characterize the role of microbial diversity and functioning in the specific soil ecosystem. The result showed that the total population of microbial community in the studied soil was considerably low, compared with common natural ecosystem. The amount of microorganism followed as the order: bacteria> actinomycetes>fungi. Amount of actinomycetes were higher by far than that of fungi. Microbial population remarkably varied in different months. Microbial population of three species in top horizon was corrected to that in deep horizon. Obvious rhizosphere effect was observed and microbial population was significantly higher in rhizosphere than other soils due to vegetation growth, root exudation, and cumulative dead fine roots. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity is low, while is dominated by specific community in the wetland ecosystem of Tamarix chinesi.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2024

In the context of rapid temperature rise in mid-to-high latitude regions, cold region wetlands have become a hotspot for current wetland carbon cycle research due to their high sensitivity to climate change. Strengthening the monitoring of CO₂ fluxes in wetland ecosystems is of great practical significance for clarifying the carbon balance of wetlands and maintaining the ecological balance of wetland ecosystems in China's high latitude regions. In this study, the carbon flux (NEE, Net ecosystem exchange; GPP, Gross Primary Production; RECO, Ecosystem response) of Jingxin Wetland was monitored by eddy correlation method from August 2021 to March 2024.2022-2023 shows CO₂ sinks, absorbing 349.4 g C·m^-2·yr^-1 annually. The correlation analysis showed that Ta, VPD and PPFD were the main environmental factors affecting CO₂ flux in Jingxin wetland.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.100-103
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• 2012

Nutria Myocastor coypus is one of a well known invasive riparian mammal found species around world from North America to Eurasia and Africa. In South Korea, feral nutrias inhabit areas from the Nakdonggang and Namgang (River) to their tributaries and Upo Wetland where they have had devastating effects on environment. Nevertheless, there has been little research about nutrias in Korea. This study is to analyze the genetic structure of the nutria population in the Upo Wetland and identify the origin of the source populations. Twenty individuals from the Upo Wetland were genotyped using 25 microsatellite loci. When compared with another introduced population, that of the Blackwater Nation Wildlife Refuge in U.S., the Upo population contains considerable genetic variations. Tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Bayesian clustering analysis suggest the Upo population is genetically structured and has at least two source populations. This preliminary study presents the need for further in-depth studies about this species which should combine genetic and ecological studies.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2022

In this study, we investigated the water quality and fish community of the Gudam Wetland, a riverine wetland in the middle-upper reaches of the Nakdong River, during March-October 2020. The main results were as follows: average annual flow rate: 45.0±23.7 m³/s, flow velocity: 0.4±0.3 m/s, water depth: 1.4±0.4 m, water temperature: 17.5±0.8℃, pH: 7.8±0.2, electrical conductivity: 121.6±19.0 ㎲/cm, dissolved oxygen concentration: 11.4±0.9 mg/L, suspended solids concentration: 3.8±2.0 mg/L, and the water quality was classified as Ia (very good). A total of 754 individual fish belonging to 4 orders, 7 families, and 19 species were investigated. Cyprinidae was the dominant group, with 13 species. The dominant species was Zacco platypus (39.3%), followed by Pseudogobio esocinus (17.5%). There were 8 (42.1%) endemic Korean species and 1 exotic species, Micropterus salmoides. Four species were carnivores, six were insectivores, and nine were omnivores. Regarding tolerance to environmental changes, 6 species were tolerant, 11 had intermediate tolerance, and 2 were sensitive. Fish community analysis revealed dominance of 0.57, diversity of 2.04, evenness of 0.69, and richness of 2.72, indicating a diverse and stable fish community. The fish assessment index showed that the assessment class was B (average 62.5), which was higher than that of major streams of the Nakdong River (class C). For sustainable conservation of the Gudam Wetland, management strategies such as minimizing aggregate collection and preventing inflow of non-point pollutants are required.

• 생태와환경
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2018

습지 유형에 따른 어류군집 특성을 파악하고 이를 통해 관리 전략을 마련하기 위해 경상남도에 위치한 29개의 습지 (하천형 20개소, 호수형 9개소)를 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 조사결과 하천형 습지에서는 평균(${\pm}SD$) $10.3{\pm}4.8$종이, 호수형 습지에서는 평균 $9.1{\pm}4.1$종이 출현하였으며, 출현 종수의 차이는 확인되지 않았다(Mann-Whitney U test, P>0.05). 반면 두 습지 유형의 어류군집을 구성하는 종들은 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 차이를 보였으며(PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F=2.9555, P=0.007), 각 유형의 어류군집에 가장 크게 기여하는 종은 참갈겨니(하천형, 28.51%)와 블루길 (호수형, 23.21%)로 확인되었다 (SIMPER). 지점별 어류군집을 활용한 NMDS 분석결과 총 3개의 그룹(하천형, 호수형, 기타)으로 구분되어 기존의 유형 구분과 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 현재 습지 관리는 멸종위기종을 중심으로 한 일원화된 방법이 제시되고 있으나, 본 연구에 의하면 습지 유형별 어류군집에 있어서 차이가 있기 때문에 고유종, 외래종, 주요 기여종에 대한 정보를 활용한 관리방법이 마련되어야 한다. 또한 현재 지형을 기반으로 한 습지의 유형 분류가 이루어지고 있으나 일부 습지의 유형에 대한 분류가 모호한 경우가 확인되었으며, 이에 대해 생물상 분석을 통한 보완이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 두 개의 습지 유형에 대한 분석결과로 한계가 있기 때문에 향후 모든 유형의 습지를 대상으로 연구를 실시하여 각 습지의 유형을 대변할 수 있는 세부적인 관리 방법 마련이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2016

본 연구는 유수역에 적용 시 효율성을 높일 수 있는 HGM(Hydrogeomorphic) 기능 평가 틀을 제안 하였고, 이와 더불어 유수역에 적합한 기준습지를 습지보호지역 중 유수역에 해당되는 곳에 적용함으로써 기준습지의 활용성 제고를 목적으로 하였다. 기능평가는 기존의 HGM 평가 틀을 기반으로 하였으나, 유수역의 특성을 반영하여 수문학적, 생지화학적, 식물서식처, 동물서식처 기능에 따른 총 10개 항목의 기능지수(Functional Capacity Index, FCI)를 산정하였다. 유수역에 적합한 기능평가 틀의 각 항목별 지수를 하도 습지보호지역인 2개소의 습지에 적용해 본 결과 인공호안 하도습지인 담양하천습지는 제외지내 식생 분포 면적비율, 단위면적당 식물종수, 버드나무 분포 면적비율 등의 값이 높게 분석되었고, 이들 변수 값이 반영된 양분 순환(947,668.00), 식물종풍부도 및 특징적인 식생 군집 유지(6.39), 서식처의 공간구조적 유지(11.00) 등의 기능지수 값이 상대적으로 높게 분석되었다. 자연호안 하도습지인 한반도습지는 담양하천습지에 비해 하천 규모가 크고, 생물종다양성과 관련된 변수값이 높았으며, 이와 관련된 에너지 감쇄(17,805.16), 지표하 저류(0.54), 이입된 원소와 화합물 제거(103,052.73), 잔재생체량 유지(2.31), 산포 및 연결성 유지(6.50), 저서성무척추동물의 종다양성(1.60), 척추동물의 종다양성 및 종수(2.52/ 151.50) 등에서 기능지수 값이 상대적으로 높게 분석되었다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2015

River channel dredging and riparian development have been influenced morphology and quantity of natural river habitat. We compared distribution of riverside land and alluvial island in the Nakdong River with field survey and remote sensing analysis after the 4 Large River Project in South Korea. We digitized geomorphological elements, includes main channel, riverside land, and alluvial island by using georeferenced aerial photos taken in pre-dredging (2008) and post-dredging (2012) periods. Field survey was followed in 2012 for a ground truth of digitized boundaries and identification of newly constructed wetland types such as pond, channel, branch, and riverine type. We found that during the dredging period, riverside land and alluvial island were lost by 20.2% and 72.7%, respectively. Modification rate of riverside land was higher in the section of river kilometer 50~90, 140~180, and 210~270. Alluvial island had higher change rate in the section of river kilometer 50~70, 190~210, and 270~310. Average change rate for the riverside land and alluvial island was $-1.02{\pm}0.14km^2{\cdot}10km^{-1}$ and $-0.05{\pm}0.05km^2{\cdot}10km^{-1}$, respectively. Channel shaped wetlands (72.5%) constituted large portion of newly constructed wetlands.