• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2004

A synthetic defined medium, fortified with amino acids, was developed for the stable production of the kringle fragments of human apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)), rhLK68. Using a complex rich medium containing yeast extract and a high-cell-density fed-batch culture, the expression level of rhLK68 reached 17% of the total cellular protein, which corresponded to $5\;g\;l^{-1}$ of the culture. To replace the complex media with chemically defined media, several amino acids that positively affect cell growth and gene expression were chosen by a statistical method. The various combinations of the selected amino acids were tested for its fortifying effect on a minimal defined medium. When glutamine only was added, the overall expression level of rhLK68 reached 93% of the complex rich medium increasing the specific expression level by 22.4% and decreasing the cell growth by 24%. Moreover, the addition of glutamine resulted in a 2-fold increase in the concentration of rhLK68 in the culture broth, compared with the minimal defined medium. The synthetic defined media developed in this study could be generally applied to high-cell-density cultures of the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), especially for the production of therapeutic proteins that require a strict quality control of the culture media and fermentation processes.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 2004년도 e-Biz World Conference
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• pp.43-48
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• 2004

The Explosion of Content ·Over 80％ of enterprise content is unstructured(Fulcrum Research) ·Content volume is growing by over 200％ per year (Forrester Research) ·There are all kinds of Unstructured Content including Documents, Output, Web, Rich Media, Code etc ·ECM Market growing to more than ＞＄2.6 Billion in 2003. (Frost ＆ Sullivan)(omitted)

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2007

In an effort to apply IT to practices of learning, universities are trying to implement e-Learning systems and expanding the extent of their usage. Nowadays, e-Learning systems are not only used for conducting web-based distance learning, but also used for supporting traditional classes education by encouraging communication and information sharing between instructors and learners or among the learners. There is relatively lack of studies on the exploitation of e-Learning systems in the traditional classes, in comparison with a distance education. Specifically, howe-Learning systems could support the traditional class and/or which benefits e-Learning systems could offer in the classes are among the important issues. In this study, we suggest that e-Learning systems would be the rich media to communicate and exchange information among people who participate in a class. We derive key variables like media richness and media experience from Media Richness Theory and from Channel Expansion Theory. Moreover, Media usefulness and Satisfaction of a learner with e-Learning system is drawn from the literature on IS success. We examine the effects of perceived media richness, media usefulness, and media experience on leaner's satisfaction with e-Learning systems. In addition, we also investigate learner's media usefulness perception which is positively related to media richness and media experience. Finally, learner's experience with e-Learning systems affects perceived media richness. Based on the results of an empirical test. we first suggest that perceived media richness with e-Learning systems contributes to increase media usefulness and satisfaction of a learner. Second, media experience is an important predictor of media richness and media usefulness perception. Consequently, the result can support Channel Expansion Theory. Finally, media usefulness perception affects learner's satisfaction with e-Learning systems.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.112-125
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of internet fashion advertisement (Ad) formats according to university students' online lifestyle. Static banner, rich media, floating, shopping, and target advertisement were selected as stimuli and a self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS PC (Ver. 16.0) was used for factor analysis, ANOVA, and Chi-square test. Factors of online lifestyle were economy, early adaption, cyberspace activity, sociability, innovation, and entertainment, and subjects were segmented into online activity (OA) retard group, OA mania group, hedonic early adapter group, and OA intermediate group. OA retard group was positive to a static banner Ad with intimacy, and OA mania group and OA intermediate group were positive to a static banner Ad with confidence, attention, and intimacy and rich media Ad and floating Ad with confidence and attention. Hedonic early adapter group was positive to a target Ad with attention and intimacy. Internet shopping mall managers should select internet Ad format after segmenting their customers according to OA lifestyle.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2017

With the remarkable growth in rich media in recent years, people are increasingly exposed to visual information from the environment. Visual information continues to play a vital role in rich media because people's real interests lie in dynamic information. This paper proposes a novel discrete dynamic swarm optimization (DDSO) algorithm for video object tracking using invariant features. The proposed approach is designed to track objects more robustly than other traditional algorithms in terms of illumination changes, background noise, and occlusions. DDSO is integrated with a matching procedure to eliminate inappropriate feature points geographically. The proposed novel fitness function can aid in excluding the influence of some noisy mismatched feature points. The test results showed that our approach can overcome changes in illumination, background noise, and occlusions more effectively than other traditional methods, including color-tracking and invariant feature-tracking methods.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2013

Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a kind of pharmacological and biological component and its application is wide and useful in Korea specially, becoming aging society in the near feature. GABA is request special dose for the purposed biological effect but the production of concentrated GABA is very difficult due to low concentration of glutamic acid existed in the fermentation broth. To increase GABA concentrate using fermentation technology, high content of glutamic acid is required. For this reason, various strains which have the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and can convert glutamic acid to GABA, were isolated from various fermented foods. Most of GABA producing strains are lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi, especially added monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a taste enhancer. Optimizing the formulation of culture media and the culture condition, GABA conversion yield and amounts were increased. Finally GABA concentration of fermentation broth in batch or fed batch fermentation reached 660 mM or 1000 mM, respectively. Furthermore formulation of culture media for GABA production developed commercially. Many studies about GABA-rich product have been continued, so GABA-rich kimchi, cheese, yogurt, black raspberry juice and tomato juices has been also developed. In Korea many biological effects of GABA are evaluated recently and GABA will be expected to be used in multipurpose.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.410-416
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• 2022

Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire-blight disease in apple and pear trees, was first isolated in South Korea in 2015. Although numerous studies, including omics analyses, have been conducted on other strains of E. amylovora, studies on South Korean isolates remain limited. In this study, we conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of the strain TS3128, cultured in three media representing different growth conditions. Proteins related to virulence, type III secretion system, and amylovoran production, were more abundant under minimal conditions than in rich conditions. Additionally, various proteins associated with energy production, carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis, and ion uptake were identified under minimal conditions. The strain TS3128 expresses these proteins to survive in harsh environments. These findings contribute to understanding the cellular mechanisms driving its adaptations to different environmental conditions and provide proteome profiles as reference for future studies on the virulence and adaptation mechanisms of South Korean strains.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of the audience and vlog creator's self-disclosure, media synchronicity (immediacy of feedback, variety of symbol set), as well as content authenticity on the intimacy between the vlogger and the audience and continuance intention of the audience. The participants of the online survey were young Chinese females, instructed to practice their routine of watching vlog and the fixed vlog channels. By the interpersonal process of intimacy model and media synchronicity theory, the results of the structural equation modeling revealed that self-disclosure (audience's disclosure) and partner responsiveness (vlogger's disclosure) form the experience of intimacy in interactions. Also, the quick immediacy of feedback, rich symbol set, and content authenticity positively impacted intimacy development. Meanwhile, intimacy enables the audience to form a continuous viewing behavior. We expect the results of this study will provide more insight into the relationship between the audience and the producer in online video content. In terms of the personal media influencers and MCN companies, this study is also suggests strategic implications.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2018

Purpose - The research aimed to reveal real decisional behavioral of management institutes in India for social media marketing usage, and analyses of empirical elements of social media consumption pattern. Research design, data, and methodology - The investigation was based around a research methodology using quantitative analysis with appropriate statistical techniques on random surveys of consumers, detailed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses are applied to assess the empirical validity of the model and multiple regression employed using R studio edition to validate the reliability of the developed models. Results - A new conceptual framework is proposed - the management institutions decision model, providing a tool for effective and more focused decision-making strategies for developing better utilization techniques for social media. Management institutions have different requirements based upon objectives and resources available. The evidence suggests that the administrators need to be more aware of consumer indicators when targeting and designing social media marketing strategy. Conclusions - The research was based on samples and not the entire population of target consumers, providing limitations. As an inferential statistical method was chosen, the results might be susceptible to inaccuracy. The model developed from different age users, thereby providing rich perspectives into social media usage pattern.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.610-617
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• 2017

This paper presents a study of the effect of thickness of porous Al-Ni electrodes, on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) in alkaline media. As varying deposition time at 300 W DC sputtering power, the thickness of the Al-Ni electrodes was controlled from 1 to $20{\mu}m$. The heat treatment was carried out in $610^{\circ}C$, followed by selective leaching of the Al-rich phase. XRD studies confirmed the presence of $Al_3Ni_2$ intermetallic compounds after the heat treatment, indicating the diffusion of Ni from the Ni-rich phase to Al-rich phase. The porous structure of the Al-Ni electrodes after the selective leaching of Al was also confirmed in SEM-EDS analysis. The double layer capacitance ($C_{dl}$) and roughness factor ($R_f$) of the electrodes were increased for the thicker Al-Ni electrodes. As opposed to the general results in above, there were no further improvements of the HER activity in the case of the electrode thickness above $10{\mu}m$. This result may indicate that the $R_f$ is not the primary factor for the HER activity in alkaline media.