• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.486-486
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• 2018

During the post green revolution era, wheat and rice were the main crops of concern to cater the food security issues of Pakistan. The use of semi dwarf high yielding varieties along with extensive use of fertilizers and surface and ground water lead to substantial increase in crop production. However, the higher crop productivity came at the cost of over exploitation of the precious land and water resources, which ultimately has resulted in the dwindling production rates, loss of soil fertility, and qualitative and quantitative deterioration of both surface and ground water bodies. Recently, during the past two decades, severe climate changes are further pushing the Pakistan's wheat-rice system towards its limits. This necessitates a careful analysis of the current crop water requirements and water footprints (both green and blue) to project the future trends under the most likely climate change phenomenon. This was done by using the FAO developed CROPWAT model v 8.0, coupled with the statistically-downscaled climate projections from the 8 Global Circulation Models (GCMs), for the two future time slices, 2030s (2021-2050) and 2060s (2051-2080), under the two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): 4.5 and 8.5. The wheat-rice production system of Punjab, Pakistan was considered as a case study in exploration of how the changing climate might influence the crop water requirements and water footprints of the two major crops. Under the worst, most likely future scenario of temperature rise and rainfall reduction, the crop water requirements and water footprints, especially blue, increased, owing to the elevated irrigation demands originating from the accelerated evapotranspiration rates. A probable increase in rainfall as envisaged by some GCMs may partly alleviate the adverse impacts of the temperature rise but the higher uncertainties associated with the predicated rainfall patterns is worth considering before reaching a final conclusion. The total water footprints were continuously increasing implying that future climate would profoundly influence the crop evapotranspiration demands. The results highlighted the significance of the irrigation water availability in order to sustain and improve the wheat-rice production system of Punjab, Pakistan.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.365-373
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• 2010

TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is broadly regarded as an excellent methodology for reverse genetics applications. Approximately 15,000 $M_3$ TILLING lines have been developed via the application of gamma-ray irradiation to rice seeds (cv. Donganbyeo), followed by subsequent selections. In an effort to evaluate the genetic diversity of the TILLING population, we have employed the AFLP multiple dominant marker technique. A total of 96 (0.64%) TILLING lines as well as Donganbyeo were selected randomly and their genetic diversity was assessed based on AFLP marker polymorphisms using 5 primer combinations. An average of 100.4 loci in a range of 97 to 106 was detected using these primer combinations, yielding a total of 158 (31.4%) polymorphic loci between Donganbyeo and each of the 96 lines. A broad range of similarity from 80% to 96% with an average of 89.4% between Donganbyeo and each of the 96 lines was also observed, reflecting the genetic diversity of the TILLING population. Approximately 28 polymorphic loci have been cloned and their sequences were BLAST-searched against rice whole genome sequences, resulting in 20 matches to each of the gene bodies including exon, intron, 1 kb upstream and 1 kb downstream regions. Six polymorphic loci evidenced changes in the coding regions of genes as compared to the rice pseudomolecules, 4 loci of which exhibited missense mutations and 2 loci of which exhibited silent mutations. Therefore, the results of our study show that the TILLING rice population should prove to be a useful genetic material pool for functional genomics as well as mutation breeding applications.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2010

Calocybe indica, a tropical edible mushroom, is popular because it has good nutritive value and it can be cultivated commercially. The current investigation was undertaken to determine a suitable substrate and the appropriate thickness of casing materials for the cultivation of C. indica. Optimum mycelial growth was observed in coconut coir substrate. Primordia initiation with the different substrates and casing materials was observed between the 13th and 19th day. The maximum length of stalk was recorded from sugarcane leaf, while diameter of stalk and pileus, and thickness of pileus were found in rice straw substrate. The highest biological and economic yield, and biological efficiency were also obtained in the rice straw substrate. Cow dung and loamy soil, farm-yard manure, loamy soil and sand, and spent oyster mushroom substrates were used as casing materials to evaluate the yield and yield-contributing characteristics of C. indica. The results indicate that the number of effective fruiting bodies, the biological and economic yield, and the biological efficiency were statistically similar all of the casing materials used. The maximum biological efficiency was found in the cow dung and loamy soil casing material. The cow dung and loamy soil (3 cm thick) was the best casing material and the rice straw was the best substrate for the commercial cultivation of C. indica.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.178-181
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• 2005

Cordyceps militaris specimens were continuously collected by Entomopathogenic Fungal Culture Collection (EFCC), Kangwon National University from different mountains, national parks and recreation parks of Korea from 1986 to 2002, mainly from late May to October of each year. Dry specimens of C. militaris along with their isolates have been preserved in EFCC. Fruiting of C. militaris was induced from single ascospore isolates as well as their combinations in brown rice medium. Fruiting experiments showed that combinations of single ascospore isolates produced fertile fruiting bodies, but single isolates could not produce any fruiting bodies. It was shown that two isolates of the opposite mating types were required to produce fertile stromata. However, combinations of the same mating type isolates produced no fruiting body, showing that C. militaris is a bipolar, heterothallic fungus.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.231-234
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• 2011

본 연구는 감마방사선 조사에 의해 기능성 물질이 증가하고, 생리적 특성이 증진된 느티만가닥 버섯의 새로운 품종을 개발하기위하여 수행되었다. 돌연변이 유기를 위하여 느티만가닥 버섯의 갈색 계통 균주 HYM-056의 원형질에 감마방사선을 조사하여 2,000개의 돌연변이체를 무작위로 선발하고 병 재배하여 자실체를 형성시켰다. 이 중 생장속도가 빠르고, 중량이 무거우며, 자실체를 다량으로 생산하는 500개 균을 선발하였다. 선발된 균주의 자실체 형성을 위하여 미강, 보리껍질, 미송이 함유된 플라스틱 병에 재배하였다. 접종 100일 후, 자실체의 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 갓의 색깔, 형태, 크기와 대의 길이, 직경, 숫자, 무게 등에 따라 6개의 그룹으로 나뉘었다. 또한 URP-PCR 핵산 지문 분석으로 유전적 변이를 조사하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.154-158
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• 2005

참나무 톱밥에 3가지 첨가제 즉 미강, 밀기울, 콩비지가 부피 비율로 10, 20, 30% 첨가되었다. 다수확은 미강과 밀기울 20% 첨가시 그리고 콩비지 30% 첨가시 좋았다. 다양한 톱밥 재료 중 참나무 톱밥 단용 처리가 좋았고, 균배양 일수는 22일, 초발이 소요일수 11일, $1,200m{\ell}$ 병당 수량은 23.5g 수확되었다. 병의 크기에 따른 잡균 발생율은 $1,200m{\ell}$ 병이 5%로 가장 낮았다. 병 크기에 따른 생육특성에 있어, $1,600m{\ell}$ 병 재배시 초발이소요일수 13~15일, 자실체 생육일수 36~37일이고, 병당 수량은 26.7~29.3g이었다. 단위 면적당 최고의 수량은 평당 218병을 재배할 수 있는 수평식 균상에서 6.4kg으로 가장 높았다. 영지는 수평식 균상에서 $1,600m{\ell}$ 병재배시 갓의 수가 적고, 수량이 높아 가장 경제적이었다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2020

민자주방망이버섯의 대량 생산 및 상업적 실용화를 위하여 야생 균주에 비해 재배기간이 짧고 자실체 발생이 잘 이루어지는 신품종을 육성하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 민자주방망이버섯 유전자원 18계통을 수집하고 볏짚발효배지를 이용한 상자 재배를 통해 자실체가 발생한 4계통을 교배모본으로 선발하였다. 단포자 교배를 통해 671조합의 교배를 하였으나 'CBMLN-19' 계통과 'CBMLN-30' 계통을 교배한 17조합만이 교배가 이루어졌다. 그 중 균사 생장이 빠르고 밀도가 높은 8계통을 1차 선발하였다. 볏짚발효배지에 유전자원 14계통, 교배계통 8계통을 접종 후 배양기간을 조사한 결과 교배계통 중 6계통은 20일만에 배양이 완료되었으며 유전자원 14계통 중 7계통은 배양이 완료되기 까지 40일 이상이 소요되어 대부분의 교배계통에서 배양기간이 20일 이상 단축되었다. 배양이 완료된 계통은 식양토를 1~2 cm 복토하여 후 배양을 하였고 균사 배양이 완전히 완료되었을 때 균긁기를 한 후 자실체 발생을 유도하였다. 발생 유도 환경은 온도 14℃, 상대습도 95% 이상, CO2농도 1,500~2,000 ppm 이었으며, 야간에 6℃로 온도를 낮추어 하온 충격을 주었다. 그 결과 유전자원 'CBMLN-31', 'CBMLN-44' 2계통, 교배계통 'CBMLN-96', 'CBMLN-103' 2계통 총 4계통에서 자실체가 발생하였다. 접종 후 자실체가 발생되기까지의 기간은 대조구인 유전자원 'CBMLN-31'이 100일로 가장 길었고, 교배계통인'CBMLM-103'이 45일로 가장 짧았다. 자실체 특성 조사 결과 교배계통인 'CBMLN-103'은 개체중이 1.9 g으로 작은 형태를 나타냈으며, 상자 당 유효경수 123개로 4계통 중 발생량이 가장 많았다. 또 다른 교배계통 'CBMLN-96'은 개체중이 5.5 g 으로 'CBMLN-103' 보다 큰 형태를 나타냈으나, 상자 당 유효경수는 30개로 발생량이 적었다. 수량성 조사 결과 대조구인 'CBMLN-31'계통에서 상자 당 수량 783 g으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 교배계통 'CBMLN-96'은 165 g, 'CBMLN-103'은 232 g으로 나타났다. 교배계통 2계통에서 수량성은 대조구 'CBMLN-31'보다 낮았지만 자실체 발생량이 많았으며, 재배기간이 40일~55일 단축되어 이 2계통을 우량계통으로 선발하고자 한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.202-207
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• 2002

This study was carried out to develop specific primers for PCR detection of Phellinus linteus. Diverse genomes of 15 Phellinus spp. including five Phellinus linteus isolates were fingerprinted by Primer Universal rice primer(URP)1F. The URP-PCR pattern differentiated P. linteus isolates from other phellinus spp. A polymorphic band(2.8 kb), which is unique for P. linteus isolates, was isolated and sequenced. Twenty four-oligonucleotide primer pairs were designed based on information of DNA sequence. The primer set(PLSPF2/PLSPR1) amplified single band(2.2 kb) of expected size with genomic DNA from seven Phellinus linteus, but not with that of other Phellinus species tested. The primers could be used identically in both DNA samples from mycelium and fruit bodies. This specific primers could offer a useful tool for detecting and identifying P. linteus rapidly.

• 셀메드
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.15.1-15.3
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure of Koreans in Arirang songs. Arirang is a representative song that strengthens the collective identity and social bond of Koreans. For Koreans who mainly eat rice, Arirang represents rice, life, and reason for its existence. Koreans have been singing Arirang together for a long time, overcoming pain, sadness, and hardships and consoling their minds and bodies. Arirang is a national music that is loved more and sung more often than the national anthem. The hill on the mountain is not a place to stay. The pass is a passing place. This gives us a lot of thought. We have various difficulties living in the world. The word Arirang means that Arirang is not one state. The end of joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure is surely a joy. Arirang Pass (Arirang Gogae) is not a staying pass, but a crossing pass. Arirang, which contains joy, anger, sorrow, and pleasure, is a soul song and a consolation medicine for mental and physical health. We suggest that Arirang song compared to standard care may have beneficial effects on anxiety, hope, pain, and depression in patients.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2017

느타리버섯(Pleurotus ostreatus)'흑타리'의 기본배지 조성에 농산물 부산물 유래 첨가용 배지를 추가하였을 경우 기억력 증진물질 중인 하나인 GABA(Gamma-amino butyric acid)함량을 증가시킬 수 있는 배지재료와 첨가수준을 구명한 결과는 다음과 같다. '흑타리'는 5% 녹차가루 처리에서 발이율과 수량이 현저히 떨어졌고, 다시마가루는 첨가된 전체 처리구에서 생육이 불량하였으며, 10% 녹차박과 오미자박 처리구에서는 생육이 가장 양호하였으나 녹차박 처리구보다는 오미자박 처리구에서 기능성물질 함량이 더 우수한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 첨가 수준에 따른 자실체의 GABA 함량은 무처리 대비 녹차가루는 2%, 녹차박은 10%, 다시마가루는 1% 정도 증가되었으나, 오미자박은 5%, 10%, 15%, 미강은 1%처리구에서 1.2~2.1배 수준까지 증가되는 양상을 보였다. 결론적으로, 느타리버섯 '흑타리'의 발이율과 생육 뿐만 아니라 GABA 함량 증가를 고려한 적합 첨가 배지로는 오미자박과 미강처리시 가장 양호했으며, 자실체 GABA 함량은 오미자박 10% 처리구에서 2.1배, 미강 1% 처리구에서 12%정도가 증가됨을 알 수 있었다.