• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1320-1331
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• 1992

부분대역 간섭 환경하에서 m-분포 페이딩 채널을 통해 수신되는 반복다이버시티 방식의 FH/MFSK 신호에 대한 오율식을 유도하고 이를 수치계산하여 비트 에너지 대 잡음 전력 밀도 비 $(E_b/N_0)$, 비트에너지 대 간섭 전력 밀도 비 $(E_b/N_1)$, 페이딩 지수(m), 부분대역 간섭의 대역 점유율$(\rho)$, 반복 정송수(L), 신호와 간섭 사이의 전력 상관계수 값을 함수로 하여 그림으로 나타내고 이를 분석했다. 본 논문에서는 이동무선 채널에서 발생하는 페이딩에 대처하기 위해 송신기에서 반복 전송 다이버시티를 사용할 때를 생각했는데 다이버시티를 사용할 때와 사용하지 않을 때의 오율을 비교한 결과 반복 전송 다이버시티가 페이딩에 매우 효과적이라는 것을 알 수 있었으며 다이버 시티 기법에 의해 얻어지는 오율의 개선정도를 알아내었다. 얻어진 결과로 부터 부분대역 간섭의 대역 점유율인 $\rho$가 작아지면 작아질수록 오율이 열화되는 것으로 보아 전대역 간섭보다는 부분대역 간섭의 영향이 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 아울러 $E_b/N_1$가 작고 $\rho$가 작을때는 페이딩의 심도가 깊으면 깊을수록 반복다이버 시티를 도입하므로서 오율특성의 개선이 현저하다는 것도 알수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2022

Translocation of azurophil granules is pivotal for bactericidal activity of neutrophils, the first-line defense cells against pathogens. Previously, we reported that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), an endogenous lipid, enhances bactericidal activity of human neutrophils via increasing translocation of azurophil granules. However, the precise mechanism of LPC-induced azurophil granule translocation was not fully understood. Treatment of neutrophil with LPC significantly increased CD63 (an azurophil granule marker) surface expression. Interestingly, cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of action polymerization, blocked LPC-induced CD63 surface expression. LPC increased F-actin polymerization. LPC-induced CD63 surface expression was inhibited by both a Rho specific inhibitor, Tat-C3 exoenzyme, and a Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, Y27632 which also inhibited LPC-induced F-actin polymerization. LPC induced Rho-GTP activation. NSC23766, a Rac inhibitor, however, did not affect LPC-induced CD63 surface expression. Theses results suggest a novel regulatory mechanism for azurophil granule translocation where LPC induces translocation of azurophil granules via Rho/ROCK/F-actin polymerization pathway.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.1085-1100
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• 2023

For any given function f, we focus on the so-called prescribed mean curvature problem for the measure e^-f(|x|2)dx provided thate^-f(|x|2) ∈ L¹(ℝⁿ⁺¹). More precisely, we prove that there exists a smooth hypersurface M whose metric is ds² = dρ² + ρ²d𝜉² and whose mean curvature function is ${\frac{1}{n}}(\frac{u^p}{{\rho}^{\beta}})e^{f({\rho}^2)}{\psi}(\xi)$ for any given real constants p, β and functions f and ψ where u and ρ are the support function and radial function of M, respectively. Equivalently, we get the existence of a smooth solution to the following quasilinear equation on the unit sphere 𝕊ⁿ, $${\sum_{i,j}}({{\delta}_{ij}-{\frac{{\rho}_i{\rho}_j}{{\rho}^2+|{\nabla}{\rho}|^2}})(-{\rho}ji+{\frac{2}{{\rho}}}{\rho}j{\rho}i+{\rho}{\delta}_{ji})={\psi}{\frac{{\rho}^{2p+2-n-{\beta}}e^{f({\rho}^2)}}{({\rho}^2+|{\nabla}{\rho}|^2)^{\frac{p}{2}}}}$$ under some conditions. Our proof is based on the powerful method of continuity. In particular, if we take $f(t)={\frac{t}{2}}$, this may be prescribed mean curvature problem in Gauss measure space and it can be seen as an embedded result in Gauss measure space which will be needed in our forthcoming papers on the differential geometric analysis in Gauss measure space, such as Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem and its application on positive mass theorem and the Steiner-Weyl type formula, the Plateau problem and so on.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2006

We have measured the Hall resistivity (${\rho}_{xy}$) and the longitudinal resistivity (${\rho}_{xy}$) on superconducting $MgB_2$ thin films in extended fields up to 18 T. We found a universal scaling behavior between the Hall resistivity and the longitudinal resistivity, which is independent of the temperature and the magnetic field. At a wide magnetic field region from 1 to 18T, a universal power law of ${\beta}=2.0{\pm}0.1$ in a scaling relation, ${\rho}_{xy}={A{\rho}_{xx}}^{\beta}$, was observed in c-axis-oriented $MgB_2$ thin films. These results can be well interpreted by using recent models.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.187-191
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• 1993

In this note we prove the following result: Let A be a complex Banach *-algebra with continuous involution and let B be an $A^{*}$-algebra./T(A) = B. Then T is continuous (Theorem 2). From above theorem some others results of special interest and some well-known results follow. (Corollaries 3,4,5,6 and 7). We close this note with some generalizations and some remarks (Theorems 8.9.10 and question). Throughout this note we consider only complex algebras. Let A and B be complex algebras. A linear mapping T from A into B is called jordan homomorphism if T( $x^{1}$) = (Tx)$^{2}$ for all x in A. A linear mapping T : A .rarw. B is called spectrally-contractive mapping if .rho.(Tx).leq..rho.(x) for all x in A, where .rho.(x) denotes spectral radius of element x. Any homomorphism algebra is a spectrally-contractive mapping. If A and B are *-algebras, then a homomorphism T : A.rarw.B is called *-homomorphism if (Th)$^{*}$=Th for all self-adjoint element h in A. Recall that a Banach *-algebras is a complex Banach algebra with an involution *. An $A^{*}$-algebra A is a Banach *-algebra having anauxiliary norm vertical bar . vertical bar which satisfies $B^{*}$-condition vertical bar $x^{*}$x vertical bar = vertical bar x vertical ba $r^{2}$(x in A). A Banach *-algebra whose norm is an algebra $B^{*}$-norm is called $B^{*}$-algebra. The *-semi-simple Banach *-algebras and the semi-simple hermitian Banach *-algebras are $A^{*}$-algebras. Also, $A^{*}$-algebras include $B^{*}$-algebras ( $C^{*}$-algebras). Recall that a semi-prime algebra is an algebra without nilpotents two-sided ideals non-zero. The class of semi-prime algebras includes the class of semi-prime algebras and the class of prime algebras. For all concepts and basic facts about Banach algebras we refer to [2] and [8].].er to [2] and [8].].

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.109-127
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• 2017

In this paper, we solve the following quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities ${\parallel}f({\frac{x+y+z}{2}})+f({\frac{x-y-z}{2}})+f({\frac{y-x-z}{2}})+f({\frac{z-x-y}{2}})-f(x)-f(y)f(z){\parallel}$ (0.1) ${\leq}{\parallel}{\rho}(f(x+y+z)+f(x-y-z)+f(y-x-z)+f(z-x-y)-4f(x)-4f(y)-4f(z)){\parallel}$, where ${\rho}$ is a fixed non-Archimedean number with ${\mid}{\rho}{\mid}$ < ${\frac{1}{{\mid}4{\mid}}}$, and ${\parallel}f(x+y+z)+f(x-y-z)+f(y-x-z)+f(z-x-y)-4f(x)-4f(y)-4f(z){\parallel}$ (0.2) ${\leq}{\parallel}{\rho}(f({\frac{x+y+z}{2}})+f({\frac{x-y-z}{2}})+f({\frac{y-x-z}{2}})+f({\frac{z-x-y}{2}})-f(x)-f(y)f(z)){\parallel}$, where ${\rho}$ is a fixed non-Archimedean number with ${\mid}{\rho}{\mid}$ < ${\mid}8{\mid}$. Using the direct method, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of the quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities (0.1) and (0.2) in non-Archimedean Banach spaces and prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ equations associated with the quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities (0.1) and (0.2) in non-Archimedean Banach spaces.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1999

A holomorphic function f on D = {z : │z│ ＜ 1} is called uniformly locally univalent if there exists a positive constant $\rho$ such that f is univalent in every hyperbolic disk of hyperbolic radius $\rho$. We establish a characterization of uniformly locally univalent functions and investigate uniform local univalence of holomorphic universal covering projections.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권5C호
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• pp.413-421
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• 2008

이 논문은 최소 평균제곱오차 라플라스 양자기가 평균이나 표준편차가 불일치된 신호에 적용될 때 야기되는 평균제곱오차 왜곡과 신호대 양자화 잡음비의 점근식을 유도한다. 이들 식은 양자점의 개수 N, 평균값의 변이량 $\mu$, 양자기 설계 기준으로 사용된 표준편차에 대해 적용되는 신호의 표준편차 비율 $\rho$로써 왜곡과 신호대잡음비의 직접적인 관계를 명확히 표시하고 있다. 수치 결과에 의하면, 논문의 주 근사식은, 요율 R=$log_2N$이 6 이상인 경우에, 상당히 넓은 $\mu$와 $\rho$에 대해 신호대잡음비 참값의 1% 이내의 값을 예측하여 정확도가 아주 높은 것으로 판단된다. 이 논문을 통해 새로 발견된 점은 첫째 ${\rho}>3/2$인 분산 강불일치의 경우에 신호대잡음비는 $9/\rho$ dB/bit 비율로 증가한다는 것과 둘째 최적 균일양자기는, 비록 최적으로 설계되었지만, 분산 임계불일치보다 조금 더 불일치된 것임을 밝힌 점이다. 또 $\mu$에 의한 신호대잡음비 손실은 비교적 크지 않은 것이 관찰되었다. 여기에 유도된 공식들은, 단구간 분산이 변하는 라플라스 분포로 잘 모형되는 음성이나 음악 신호를 하나의 양자기로 양자화하는 경우에 쓰임새가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1992

In this study, cathodic protection experiment was carried out by Al-alloy sacrificial anode in marine environments which have specific resistance($\rho$) if 25~7000$\Omega$.cm and investigated protection potential, current density and loss rate of Al-alloy sacrificial anode. The main results resistance($\rho$) of 400$\Omega$.cm, the cathodic protection potential appears high about-720 mV(SCE). But below specific resistance($\rho$) of 300$\Omega$.cm, the cathodic protection potential appears low about-770 mV(SCE) and simultaneously, cathode is protected sufficiently. 2) The loss rate of Al-Alloy sacrificial anode became large with decreasing specific resistance and increasing the ratio(A sub(c)/A sub(a) of bared surface area of anode and cathode. 3) The loss rate of Al-alloy sacrificial anode(w) to the mean current density of anode(i) is as follows. w=ai+b (a, b : experimental constants)

• 대한수학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.1017-1029
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• 2010

In this paper we obtain a very general theorem of $\rho$-compatibility for three multivalued mappings, one of them from the class $\mathfrak{B}$. More exactly, we show that given a G-convex space Y, two topological spaces X and Z, a (binary) relation $\rho$ on $2^Z$ and three mappings P : X $\multimap$ Z, Q : Y $\multimap$ Z and $T\;{\in}\;\mathfrak{B}$(Y,X) satisfying a set of conditions we can find ($\widetilde{x},\;\widetilde{y}$) ${\in}$ $X\;{\times}\;Y$ such that $\widetilde{x}\;{\in}\;T(\widetilde{y})$ and $P(\widetilde{x}){\rho}\;Q(\widetilde{y})$. Two particular cases of this general result will be then used to establish existence theorems for the solutions of some general equilibrium problems.