• 생약학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 1979

21 herbal drugs registered in K.P. III were tested for contamination of fungi and isolation of aflatoxin producible strains. Initially contaminated fungi were Aspergillus group (41.28%) and Penicillium (47.26%) and the other fungi were contaminated somewhat. The most frequent isolation of Aspergillus group was Cnidii Rhizoma and that of Penicillium was Piperis Fructus nigri. Cnidii Rhizoma was the most contaminated drug and Cassiae Cortex was the least among them. Aspergillus flavus was isolated from 10 samples and Aspergillus parasiticus was detected in Glycyrrhizae Radix, Phellodendri Cortex. Aspergillus ochraceus was isolated from only Scutelariae Radix, and Fusarium nivale was isolated from Cnidii Rhizoma and Torreya Semen. None of Aspergillus and Penicillium was detected in only Coptidis Rhizoma. No strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus isolated from were produced aflatoxin.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물학회 1999년도 공동 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.62.2-62
• /
• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제33권3호통권130호
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2002

The methanol extracts of 340 kinds of Korean medicinal herbs were examined in vitro for the inhibitory effect on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) from electric eel using acetylthiocholine as a substrate. Among tested, the extracts of Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Evodiae Fructus, Myrrha, Arecae Semen and Piperis nigri Fructus were found to exhibit a significant inhibition upon the acetylcholinesterase in a dose dependent manner, respectively.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제32권3호통권126호
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 2001

The water extracts of 82 Korean medicinal herbs were examined for the binding affinity on the recombinant human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype 1 $(mAChR-M_1)$ produced from the CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cell line. Of those tested, the extracts of Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex, Hedyotis Herba and of Terminariae Fructus were found to exhibit a significant competition with $[^3H]$ N-methyl-scopolamine for the specific binding to $mAChR-M_1$ in a dose dependent manner, respectively.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 1996

Active component was sought among three herb medicines, which are used in combination as a traditional medicine prescribed for patients with hyperlipidemia related diseases. Antihyperlipidemic effect of this remedy has previously been shown model by the authors on the animal model. Hyperlipidemia was induced on male Wistar rats by keeping them on high lipid diet for one week, as previously described by the authors. Blood lipid profile was verified on these rats by measuring total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Then, the diet was changed to normal. At the same time, methanol extracts of Scutellaris baicalensis Georg.(radix), Coptidis japonica Makino(rhizoma) or Rhei koreanum Nakai(rhizoma) were given on daily basis, and changes in the blood lipid profile were monitored for 4 weeks. Methanol extract of Scutellaris baicalensis Georg. significantly reduced the TC value, implying the in vivo antihyperlipidemic effect.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.456-461
• /
• 1996

Vascular relaxation action of crude extracts of two kinds of Coptidis rhizoma (Coptis chinensis and Coptis japonica, Ranunculaceae) was investigated and compared with that of berberine and palmatine, active alkaloid components of these plants. The results show that total extracts, berberine, and palmatine induced a concentration-dependent vasodilatation of rat thoracic aorta contracted with phenylephrine (PE). Palmatine, unlike to berberine, did not inhibit contraction induced by KCI. In calcium-free media, not only berberine but also crude extracts inhibited calcium-induced contraction. Furthermore, pretreatment of crude extracts inhibited contraction induced by PE noncompetitively. In PE-induced contraction, berberine was 2.5 times more potent than Coptis chinensis in the relaxation of rat aorta in terms of $IC_{50}$ values. Analysis of the effects of crude extracts on the Emax and $IC_{50}(PE)IC_{50}(KCI)$ ratios provides information on selectivity and indicates that extracts exhibit greater inhibition of the contrac tile response induced by PE than by KCI. We concluded that crude extracts have .alpha.-adrenoceptor blocking action and possesses inhibitory effect on calcium influx, which may be at least in part responsible for the antihypertensive action.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 2019

Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) has been used widely in traditional medicine to treat common diseases. This study aimed to develop a high-sensitivity liquid chromatography-tandem mass (LC-MS) spectrometry method for the evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of a new natural product that contain CR extract with the main bioactive compound, berberine, at trace concentrations. Human plasma samples were pretreated with methanol by a protein precipitation method. Berberine was analyzed on a Kinetex C18 column ($2.1mm{\times}50mm$, $100{\AA}$, $1.7{\mu}m$) using a mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium formate/0.1% formic acid in water (A) and acetonitrile (B) (50:50, v/v) with a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The analyte was detected by using electrospray ionization in positive mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The method was sensitive, with a lower limit of quantification of 1 pg/mL, which has not been previously obtained. The method was validated (over the range of 1-50 pg/mL) and applied successfully for the pharmacokinetic study of human plasma samples.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제52권4호
• /
• pp.219-227
• /
• 2021

By analysing the benzo(a)pyrene concentration using HPLC-FLD and LC-MS/MS, pollution levels of herbal medicines without permitted benzo(a)pyrene specification were investigated. Average benzo(a)pyrene concentrations were 38.30, 37.46 and 21.22 ㎍/kg for Amomi Tsao-ko Fructus, Mume Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma, respectively, which are 4 to 7 times higher than maximum permitted benzo(a)pyrene concentration of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata and Rehmanniae Radix, i.e. 5.0 ㎍/kg. Proportion of detected samples exceeding 5.0 ㎍/kg benzo(a)pyrene concentration was 22% for Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Scrophulariae Radix, 44% for Forsythiae Fructus, 67% for Mume Fructus, 100% for Amomi Tsao-ko Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma, and collectively 29% (36 out of 125 samples) in average. In terms of risk characterization results, human exposure of benzo(a)pyrene were 7.96, 3.49 and 1.61 ng/kg b.w./day and the margin of exposure(MOE) were 1.25 × 10⁴, 2.86 × 10⁴ and 6.20 × 10⁴ for Mume Fructus, Amomi Tsao-ko Fructus and Coptidis Rhizoma, respectively. MOE banding of those herbal medicines was categorized to 'low concern'. However, considering that human exposure of benzo(a)pyrene for food is legislated to 1.4~2.5 ng/kg b.w./day, it was urgent to set up the guideline of benzo(a)pyrene in herbal medicines.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Hataedock treatment using Coptidis Rhizome and Glycyrrhiza Uralensis (CG) mixed extract in allergic rhinitis induced NC/Nga mice. We divided NC/Nga mice into 3 groups as follows; allergic rhinitis-induced group after CG Hataedock treatment (CGT, n=10), no treatment group (Ctrl), allergic rhinitis elicited group (ARE). To induce allergic rhinitis, NC/Nga mice of 3 weeks age were sensitized on 7, 8 and 9week by Ovalbumin (OVA) antigen in intranasal space. Hataedock using CG extract was administered on week 3 in allergic rhinitis-induced group (CGT) after Hataedock treatment. To identify distribution of Interlukin (IL)-4, Cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40), high-affinity IgE receptor ($Fc{\varepsilon}RI$), substance P, Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), Nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ ($NF-{\kappa}B$) p65, Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), we used histological examination. CGT significantly inhibited IL-4 and CD40 response compared with ARE. The reduction of Th2 cytokine expression decreased inflammatory mediators such as $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$, substance P, MMP-9, $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, iNOS and COX-2. Such immunological improvement induced reduction of respiratory epithelial damage and mucin secretion in goblet cell. These results indicate that Hataedock treatment suppresses allergic rhinitis through modulating of Th2 responses and diminishing various inflammatory mediators in nasal mucosal tissue. It might have potential applications for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.6-9
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 황련, 금은화, 그리고 백작약 혼합분말(1:1:1)의 메탄올 추출물(CLP1000)과, 이에 dioctahedral smectite를 혼합한 합제 (CLPS1000)의 살모넬라에 대한 항균효과를 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. CLP1000와 CLPS1000는, 0. 5mg/ml 농도에서 S. typhimurium에 대한 항균효과를 보이지 않았으나, 1.0 mg/ml의 농도에서는 S. typhimurium에 대한 항균활성이 관찰되었다. BALB/c 마우스를 이용한 살모넬라 감염시험에서 Smectite, CLP1000 그리고 CLPS1000을 각각 10 mg/ml 농도로 12일 동안 투여한 결과, 사망률이 각각 90%, 90% 그리고 70%을 보여, CLPS1000이 마우스 살모넬라증에 강력한 효과를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다.