• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.3
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• pp.38-45
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• 1994

The purpose of the present study is to suggest some directions intehdesign fo the hotel's lobby-lounge for public functions. In this study, some theoretical backgrounds reviewed from some literature were applied, and some results of the analysis of spatial features and utilized forms of public function for each sector respectively. with a review of some case studies were applied to this study as well, and thereby based on such application, it was attempted to experimentarily design the hotel's most desirable lobby-lounge for public functions. Specially in such design, expansion of the scale of the hotel's lobby-lounge, division of the line of a flow , the open front, approachability to the front desk, graudal arrangement of seats , formation of a walkway, and were service facilities were considered. In conclusion , since the hotel's lobby-lunge for public functions is a space which can accomodate various functions different from any other public space, thereby having a unique spatial system, it should be designed in consideration of the characteristics of function for each sector respectively.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2004

This paper introduces the software life-cycle V&V (verification and validation) tasks for the KNICS (Korea nuclear instrumentation and control system) project. The objectives of the V&V tasks are mainly to develop a programmable logic controller (PLC) for safety critical instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, and then to apply the PLC to developing the prototype of an engineered safety features-component control system (ESF-CCS) in nuclear power plants. As preparative works for the software V&V, various kinds of software plans and V&V task procedures have been developed according to the software life-cycle management. A number of software V&V tools have been adopted or developed to efficiently support the V&V tasks. The V&V techniques employed in this work include a checklist-based review and inspection, a requirement traceability analysis, formal verification, and life-cycle based software testing.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.19
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• pp.139-166
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the international electronic payment system through IDENTRUS can be active in the future or not. For this purpose, we have reviewed the various aspects of the typical systems : their types, operational mechanisms and actual limitations in real trade. Then we have proceeded to examine the distinguished features of IDENTRUS in terms of operational procedures and characteristics by comparing to other systems. Specially as the preconditions of activation, the possibilities of cost down, time reduction, risk hedging and operational efficiency have been studied. Thus we are not sure that the IDENTRUS will have a position as a main stream in the future electronic payment system, but this system would contribute positively to the establishment of electronic payment system if some functional additions will follow.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.303-326
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• 2016

The Rotterdam Rules regulate both transport documents and the legal effect of the choice of document much more comprehensively than the existing maritime convention to bring international harmonization of issues relating to transport documents. The Rotterdam Rules use the generic term 'transport documents' rather than referring to specific title such as bills of lading, sea waybills. The generic term 'transport documents' allow four types of transport documents to be identified as follows. 1. negotiable 2. negotiable which dispense with surrender 3. non-negotiable which require surrender 4. non-negotiable. Each types of transport documents has its requirements to be satisfied. Also, the choice of transport documents affects legal effect. Thus parties to the contract of carriage not only need to know how the document will be classified at the time it is issued but also consider what the documents will bring legal consequences.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-26
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• 1993

This paper presents a new interactive procedure for multiple objective linear programming problem (MOLP). In practical multiple objective linear programming applications, there is usually no need for the decision maker to consider solutions which are not efficient. Therefore, the interactive procedure presented here searches only among efficient solutions and terminates with a solution that is guaranteed to be efficient. It also can converge to nonextreme efficient final solutions rather than being restricted to only extreme efficient points of the feasible set. The procedure does not require sophisticated judgements or inputs from the decision maker. One of the most attractive features of the procedure however, is that the method allows the DM to examine the efficient faces it finds. As iteration goes, the DM can explore a wide variety of efficient faces rather than efficient faces confined to only certain subregion of the feasible set of problem MOLP since the efficient faces that the procedure finds need not be adjacent. This helps the DM explore the nature of the efficient set of problem MOLP and also helps the DM have confidence with a final solution. For these reasons, I feel that the procedure offer significant promise in solving multiple objective linear programs rapidly and in a satisfying manner to the DM.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.5 no.2 s.6
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• pp.65-79
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• 1996

Works on biodeterioration performed at domestic museums were surveyed through questionary data made by each museum to find fumigation practices conducted at around twenty domestic museums and to review relevant activities of each museum concerned. Through reported data in literatures, major works on biodeterioration done at some international museums (Two in Japan, three in N. America, four in Europe, and five in 5. East Asian Region) were reviewed to characterize and evaluate features of the work performed at each museum and relevant activities at these museums were also Introduced in details.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-112
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• 2015

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process occurring in a wide range of astrophysical, heliospheric and laboratory plasmas. This process alters magnetic topology and triggers rapid conversion of magnetic energy into thermal heating and nonthermal particle acceleration. Efforts to understand the physics of magnetic reconnection have been made across multiple disciplines using remote observations of solar flares and in-situ measurements of geomagnetic storms and substorms as well as laboratory and numerical experiments. This review focuses on the progress achieved with solar flare observations in which most reconnection-related signatures could be resolved in both space and time. The emphasis is on various observable emission features in the low solar atmosphere which manifest the coronal magnetic reconnection because these two regions are magnetically connected to each other. The research and application perspectives of solar magnetic reconnection are briefly discussed and compared with those in other plasma environments.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.696-700
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• 2000

The authors report a case of atypical meningioma in the fourth ventricle. Intraventricular meningioma is not uncommon intracranial neoplasm, especially that in the trigone of lateral ventricle, however, those in the third and fourth ventricle are very rare. There are only two cases of atypical meningiomas in the fourth ventricle among 29 cases of fourth ventricular meningiomas reported 17 literature. The clinical features, findings of magnetic resonance image and operation of our case, and review of literature are presented.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.365-369
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• 2014

Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is a rare disorder, regarded in literature as a consequence of administration of exogenous steroids, associated with a variety of systemic diseases, endocrinopathies and the Cushing's syndrome. Occasionally, SEL may occur in patients not exposed to steroids or suffering from endocrinopathies, namely, idiopathic SEL. Thus far, case studies of SEL among Korean have been published rather sporadically. We reviewed the clinical features of SEL cases, among Koreans with journal review, including this report of three operated cases. According to this study, there were some differences between Korean and western cases. Koreans had higher incidences of idiopathic SEL, predominant involvement in the lumbar segments, very few thoracic involvement and lower MBI, as opposed to westerners.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2008

Opioid-induced rigidity is a potentially life-threatening complication that can occur after treatment with large doses of opioids, but with early recognition it can be treated effectively with naloxone or with muscle relaxants. Regarding its onset time, there have been few case reports that have described delayed manifestations of opioid-induced rigidity. The mechanism of this complication is not well understood. In this report we describe a case of incidental overdose injection of sufentanil and subsequently review the confusing clinical features that require immediate diffenrentiation and the possible mechanim of this complication.