• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.352-354
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• 1995

The optical and electrical properties of High Speed AlGaAs infrared LED by using metal wet etch process instead of metal lift-off process are investigated. The power out increases when metal contact is patterned by wet etch process. Forward voltage and Reverse voltage for metal wet etch process represent higher value than the metal lift-off process. The aging effect of power out also indicates good results with wet etch process. The wet etch process for metal contact reveals reliable LED device properties.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.532-546
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• 2020

본 연구는 암 진단을 받고 치료 중이거나 치료가 완료되어 관리를 하고 있는 대구·경북 지역 30대 이상 암 생존자 233명을 대상으로 식생활 안전관리 인식과 역량, 행동을 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 체중관리의 중요성 인식 요인의 평균점수가 3.83/5.00점으로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 교육 요구 (3.79점), 건강하지 않은 식생활 (역, 3.64점) 순으로 높은 반면, 지식 습득의 어려움 (역, 2.30점) 요인의 평균점수가 가장 낮았고, 만성질환 불안 (2.64점), 지식 인식(2.74점), 균형식 (2.93점) 순으로 낮았다. 둘째, 남성, 60대, 경제적 상태와 영양보충제 섭취가 상대적으로 낮은 암 생존자의 식생활 안전관리 평균점수가 낮았고, 50대와 암 진단 3-5년 된 생존자의 식생활 안전에 관한 강박관념과 건강기능성 추구 요인이 유의적으로 높았다. 셋째, 식생활 안전관리 역량 중 건강관리 및 조리 역량이 높은 집단은 균형식과 건강기능성 추구 요인의 평균점수가 유의적으로 높았으나, 세 역량이 모두 낮은 집단은 이들 요인들이 평균점수가 낮았다. 넷째, 균형식 요인은 건강하지 않은 식생활(역) 요인을 제외한 모든 요인과 유의적인 상관관계를 보였고, 건강관리 역량 요인은 만성질환 불안, 식품안전 불안, 건강하지 않은 식생활(역) 요인을 제외한 요인과 유의적인 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구는 암 재활 및 재발방지를 위해 암 생존자의 식생활 안전관리 유형과 인식, 및 행동을 살펴보았다. 현재의 암을 치료하고, 미래의 재발과 전이, 만성질환을 예방하여 지속가능한 건강관리를 위한 식생활 관리를 위해 암 생존자들을 대상으로 보다 적극적인 식생활 안전관리 역량 교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

Tooth loss in elderly is mainly caused by alveolar bone loss via severe periodontitis. Although the severity of periodontitis is known to be affected by age, the aging process or the genetic changes during the aging of periodontal tissue cells are not well characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of in vitro aging on the change of gene expression pattern in periodontal fibroblasts. Gingival fibroblasts (GF) and periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL) were obtained from two young patients and replicative senescence was induced by sequential subcultivation. When more than 90% cells were positively stained with senescence-associated ${\beta},-galactosidase$, those cells were regarded as aged cells. In aged GF and PDL, the level of phosphorylated retinoblastoma (RB) and $p16^{INK4A}$ protein was significantly decreased and increased, respectively. However, the protein level of p53 and p21, well known senescence-inducing genes, did not increase in aged GF and PDL. Although $p27^{Kip1}$ and $p15^{INK4B}$, another cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, were reported to be involved in replicative senescence of human cells, they were decreased in aged GF and PDL. Because senescent cells showed flattened and enlarged cell shape and are known to have increased focal adhesion, we examined the protein level of several integrins. Aged GF and PDL showed increased protein level of integrin ${\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}v$, and ${\beta}1$. When the gene expression profiles of actively proliferating young cells and aged cells were compared by cDNA microarray of 3,063 genes and were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 7 genes and 15 genes were significantly and commonly increased and decreased, respectively, in aged GF and PDL. Among them, included are the genes that were known to be involved in the regulation of cell cycle, gene transcription, or integrin signaling. The change of gene expression pattern in GF and PDL was minimally similar to that of oral keratinocyte. These results suggest that $p16^{INK4A}/RB$ might be involved in replicative senescence of periodontal fibroblasts and the change of gene expression profile during aging process is cell type specific.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.653-659
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 선별된 유색미 2품종에 대한 자외선 조사에 따른 노화 억제 메커니즘을 확인하고자 산화방지 활성을 분석하였으며, JE와 SRE 모두 $500{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 88.5%와 88.9% 이상의 높은 DPPH 라디칼 억제능을 보였으며, ABTS 억제활성 실험에서는 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 이상의 농도에서 93.5%와 95.7% 이상의 ABTS 라디칼 억제능을 나타내었다. collagenase 억제 활성 실험 결과, JE와 SRE 모두 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 각각 73.2%, 74.4% 이상의 효소 억제능을 나타내었다. 또한 MMPs의 단백질과 mRNA의 발현억제를 확인한 결과, MMP-1과 -3의 단백질 발현은 농도의존적으로 억제되었음을 확인할 수 있었고, 특히 MMP-1은 JE와 SRE의 $50{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 각각 약 29.8%와 33.2%의 억제효과를 나타내었고, $100{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서는 각각 78.3%와 70.8%의 우수한 억제효과를 나타내었다. 또한 MMP-1과 -3의 mRNA의 발현은 농도의존적으로 감소시켰으며 특히 JE $100{\mu}g/mL$의 농도를 처치한 경우에 mRNA 발현이 매우 유의하게 감소(약 50.7%와 37.9%)되었음을 확인하였다. SRE는 MMP-3 mRNA의 발현이 농도의존적으로 억제되었고 $100{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 약 39.7%가 억제되었으며, MMP-1 mRNA의 발현은 $100{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 약 66.4%가 억제되었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 선별된 유색미 2종인 조생흑찰과 신토흑미의 에탄올 추출물이 산화방지 및 항노화 효능을 확인함에 따라 기능성 식품 화장품 분야에서 주름개선 및 항노화 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.717-725
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• 2021

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a traditional herb that has several beneficial properties including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy regulatory effects. However, the mechanisms of these effects are not well understood. In this report, the underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting effects were investigated in aged mice treated with KRG-water extract (WE) over a long period. Methods: The mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities of KRG-WE were evaluated in kidney, lung, liver, stomach, and colon of aged mice using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and western blot analysis. Results: KRG-WE significantly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-6 in kidney, lung, liver, stomach, and colon of the aged mice. Furthermore, KRG-WE downregulated the expression of transcription factors and their protein levels associated with inflammation in lung and kidney of aged mice. KRG-WE also increased the expression of autophagy-related genes and their protein levels in colon, liver, and stomach. Conclusion: The results suggest that KRG can suppress inflammatory responses and recover autophagy activity in aged mice.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.263-274
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• 1989

The present study was conducted ill. order to get the normal blood chemical values of Korean Jindo dogs. Blood samples were taken from 160(♂34, ♀126) healthy Jindo dogs in Jindo area. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows: 1. The mean values of serum total protein(TP), albumin(Alb) and globulin(Glb) content, cholesterol(Chole), magnesium(Mg), calcium(Ca), inorganic phosphate(P), potassium(K), sodium(Na) and chloride(Cl) concentration in the group of less than one year old were 6.64(♂6.62, ♀6.64), 3.63(♂3.57, ♀3.65) and 3.00(♂3.05, ♀2.99)g/100ml, 170.97(♂166.46, ♀172.68)mg/100ml, 1.45(♂1.43, ♀1.46), 5.76(♂5.62, ♀5.81), 4.80(♂4.95, ♀4.75), 4.84(♂4.72, ♀4.89), 148.93(♂148.79, ♀148.98) and 110.22(♂110.42, ♀110.14)mEq/L, respectively, whereas the TP, Alb and Glb content, Chole Mg, Ca, P, K, Na and Cl concentration in the group of one year old and more were 6.88(♂6.84, ♀6.89), 3.65(♂3.63, ♀3.66) and 3.23(♂3.21, ♀3.23)g/100ml, 167.48(♂173.80, ♀166.48)mg/100ml, 1.40(♂1.36, ♀1.40), 5.69(♂5.53, ♀5.71), 4.62(♂4.73, ♀4.60), 4.88(♂4.90, ♀4.87), 149.86(♂149.60, ♀149.90) and 110.03(♂110.70, ♀109.92)mEq/L, respectively. The ratios of mean serum albumin to globulin(A/G), calcium to inorganic phosphate(Ca/P) and sodium to potassium(Na/K) in the group of less than one year old were 1.21(♂1.17, ♀1.22), 1.20(♂1.14, ♀1.22) and 30.77(♂31.52, ♀30.47), respectively, whereas the A/G, Ca/P and Na/K in the group of one year old and more were 1.13(♂1.13, ♀1.13), 1.23(♂1.17, ♀1.24) and 30.71(♂30.53, ♀30.78), respectively. 2. The mean values of Alb content, Mg, Ca and K concentration, A/G and Ca/P ratio appeared to be higher in the female than in the male, whereas the reverse was the case with P concentration. No differences were found between male and female in the TP and Glb content, Chole, Na and Cl concentration and Na/K ratio. 3. The mean values of Glb content appeared to be higher in the group less than one year old than in the group of one year old and more, whereas the reverse was the case with A/G ratio. The mean values of TP and Alb content and Ca/P ratio in the age groups less than one year tended to increase with aging, whereas the reverse was the case with Ca and P concentration. No differences were found between age groups in the Mg, K, Na and Cl concentration and Na/K ratio.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2003

So-Hap-Hyang-Won, a traditional oriental medicine used in the treatment of stroke patients, was examined for its ability to reverse the cell damage caused by lipid peroxidation products and oxidative stress in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). The effects of herbal medicine on cell proliferation and recovery of oxidative damaged situation were studied in BAEC, which was considered an appropriate in vitro model for stroke resulting from various vascular diseases prevalent in advanced age. In a clinical study of stroke patients, So-Hap-Hyang-Won appeared to improve considerably arm and leg movements as well as consciousness disturbance condition, compared with other traditional medicines used for stroke. When BAEC were treated with extracts of the lyophilized herbal medicines, only that of So-Hap-Hyang-Won stimulated cell proliferation and showed no toxicity even at high concentrations. In studies of BAEC treated with extracts of the lyophilized material of the 14 components of So-Hap-Hyang-Won, only the extract of Foeniculi Fructus stimulated cell growth at all concentrations tested. Moreover, when cells were treated with Foeniculi Fructus (10 and 100 mg/ml) extract after prior exposure to t-BHP ($l0\mu\textrm{M}$) or HNE ($0.2\mu\textrm{M}$), lipid peroxidation products which are known to be involved in aging and vascular diseases, or after the exposure to SIN-l ($500\mu\textrm{M}$), which generates nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive oxygen species, there was substantial recovery from the oxidative damage, presumably due to the radical-scavenging effect of Foeniculi Fructus extract. Foeniculi Fructus not only showed stimulatory effects on cell growth and cell damage repair in BAEC, but also appeared to show the most anti-aging activity among all the herbal components of So-Hap-Hyang-Won.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.623-634
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• 2005

Human periodontal ligament fibroblast(hPDLF) is very important to cure periodontal tissue because it can be diverged into various cells. This study examined the expression of MMP-1, TIMP-1, periodontal ligament specific PDLs22, Type I collagen, Fibronectin, TIMP-2, telomerase mRNA in a replicative senescence of hPDLF. The periodontal ligament tissue was obtained from periodontally healthy and non-carious human teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons at the Chosun University Hospital of Dentistry with the donors' informed consent. The hPDLF cells were cultured in a medium containing Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium(DMEM, Gibco BRL, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS, Gibco BRL, USA) at 37C in humidified air with 5% $CO_2$. For the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis, the total RNA of the 2, 4, 8, 16, 18, and 21 passage cells was extracted using a Trizol Reagent(Invitrogen, USA) in replicative hPDL cells. Two passage cells, i.e. young cells, served as the control, and ${\beta}-actin$ served as the internal control for RT-PCR The results of this study about cell morphology and gene expression according to aging of hPDLF using RT-PCR method are as follows: 1. The size of hPDLF was increased with aging and it was showed that the hPDLF was dying in the final passage. 2. PDLs22 mRNA was expressed in young hPDLF of the two, four, and six passage. 3. TIMP-1 mRNA was expressed in young hPDLF of the two and four passage. 4. There was a tendency that MMP-1 mRNA was weakly expressed over eighteen. 5. Type 1 collagen mRNA was expressed in almost all passages, but it was not expressed in the final passage. 6. Fibronectin mRNA was observed in all passages and it was weakly expressed in the final passage. 7. TIMP-2 and telomerase mRNA were not expressed in this study. Based on above results, it was observed that PDLs22, Type 1 collagen, Fibronectin, MMP-1. and TIMP-1 mRNA in hPDLF were expressed differently with aging. The study using the hPDLF that is collected from healthy patients and periodontitis patients needs in further study.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.74-86
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• 2005

Background: There are increasing neuro-degenerative disorders with aging. Paeoniae Radix(PR) possesses various pharmacological effects such as sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress and neuro-protective actions. Also antiaging and anti-cancer effects of PR were reported. Our purpose was to investigate whether PR is useful on the treatment of Parkinson's disease, one of the neuro-degenerative disorders. Objective: We investigated whether Paeonia Radix possesses a protective effect against 1-methyl-4 phenylpyridine(MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), and Western blotting were performed on SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells. Results: Cells treated with MPP+ exhibited several apoptotic features, while cells pre-treated with Paeonia Radix prior to MPP+ exposure showed s decrease in the occurrence of apoptotic features. Conclusions: These results suggest that Paeonia Radix may exert a protective effect against MPP+-induced apoptosis in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2012

In our continuous efforts to procure the active materials from natural products in the protective effects of oxidative stress or UV damage to skin cells we found the Prunus persica flesh extract (PPFE) is considerable to meet the demand to protect the skin damage. PPFE attenuated cell damage induced by hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase in cultured human keratinocytes, indicating that PPFE has the potential of the scavenging effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human skin cell. Moreover, PPFE significantly suppressed UVA-induced ROS production determined by the oxidation of 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH) using FACS analysis. Additional study revealed that UVA irradiation of HaCaT human keratinocytes increased the gelatinolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2, and -9 (MMP-2, -9) and mRNA expression of MMP-9 analyzing by a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and these events were significantly suppressed by the treatment with PPFE. These results suggest that PPFE might be applicable as natural ingredients for skin antiaging agents via UV-induced ROS scavenging activity and suppression of MMP expression in the skin cells.