• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.39-63
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the actual employment rate and job retention rate after completion of the training program the unemployed. Survival analysis was conducted by utilizing employment insurance status and subscription data over two years of 840 patients who finally completed a training course from 889 patients in response to survey about the training service quality in 2012. The finding of the study were as follows. First, the highest employment rate (36.8%) after the completion time was within three months, a period more than 50% of the trainees were employed within six months. While employment continued to occur even with the lapse of one year and two years after the completion point, the employment rate over time was found to decrease gradually. Second, the factors affecting employment rate after completing training, appeared teaching competency(-) among training service quality and potential employability(+), which low awareness of teaching capacity and high awareness potential employability increased the possibility of their employment. Third, the highest periods (each 22.0%, 22.3%) of employment loss rate were within three months and within three to six months, and more than 50% of the trainees have lost their unemployment insurance were less than 8.8 months. Fourth, the factors affecting job retention rates after employment, appeared relationship between teachers and students(+), a fellow student relationships(+) among training service quality and training satisfaction(+), which high awareness of teacher-student relationships, fellow student relationships and training satisfaction increased the possibility of their maintaining employment.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.315-326
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• 2021

The clear-water phase (CWP) is a notable limnological phenomenon in freshwater systems caused by predatory interactions between large filter-feeding zooplankton and phytoplankton. However, the mechanisms and factors that influence the extent of CWP, particularly in complex water systems with both fluvial and lacustrine characteristics, remain poorly understood. The present study evaluated CWP occurrence patterns at different sites in a large reservoir located in a temperate monsoon region (Lake Paldang, Korea); the relationships among factors associated with CWP occurrence, such as transparency, zooplankton diversity, and chlorophyll a concentration were investigated. Transparency exhibited significant correlations with precipitation and retention time, as well as the relative abundance of zooplankton (p<0.01), suggesting that a change in the retention time due to precipitation can alter CWP. Data collected before and after CWP occurrence were analyzed using paired t-test to determine variations in CWP occurrence based on the water system characteristics. The results demonstrated that various factors were associated with CWP occurrence in the fluvial-type and lacustrine-type sites. The correlation between zooplankton biomass and transparency was stronger in the lacustrine-type sites than in the fluvial-type sites. The lacustrine-type sites, where cladoceran emergence is common and is associated with long retention times, favored CWP occurrence. The results suggest that lacustrine-type sites, which are conducive to zooplankton development and have relatively long retention times, enhance CWP occurrence. Furthermore, CWP occurrence was notable in spring, and the present study revealed that site-specific CWP could occur throughout the year, regardless of the season.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.6
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• pp.683-691
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• 2001

This study aimed to clarify the influencing factors of the mesopore ratio on a pore geometry of surface soil in mixed stands as an index of the water retention capacity. Twenty four factors including site conditions and soil properties were analyzed by spss/pc+ for the data collected from during March to October of 1995. The factors influencing the mesopore ratio(pF2.7) on the surface soil were as follows; mesopore ratio(pF2.7) on the B horizon soil, under vegetation coverage, organic matter contents of surface soil and F layer depth. And influencing factor on the ratio of mesopore in the soil surface was correlated with surface soil hardness and depth of 10cm soil hardness shows high negative significance. Also, multiple regression equations for mesopore ratio of the mesopore ratio of B horizon soil and organic matter contents shows high significance($R^2$; 0.84).

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.138-143
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• 1993

The objective of this report is to investigate the effect of factors like the fineness modulus of sand , content of fly ash and slaked lime, binder/sand ratio, admixture dosage on the physical properties of mortar for finishing. The analysis was performed with design of experiment and air content, water retention and compressive strength were measured.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.53-71
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• 1997

Across sectional study was performed to evaluate the chronic effects on central nerve system(CNS) of cumulative exposure of complex organic solvents, using neurobehavioral test. Subjects were 66 (male) dock yard painters of some large ship industry which is located in Ulsan. The neurobehavioral test battery used in this study was NCTB (Neurabehavioral Core Test Battery recommended by WHO(World Health Organization), which consisted of 7 items-Profile of mood states (POMS), Simple reaction time, Santa Ana dexterity test. Digit span, Digit symbol, Benton visual retention test and Pursuit aiming. The subjects were classified by 3 groups according to duration of employment(group 1 ; less than 9 years, group 2 ; 10-14 years, group 3 ; more than 15 years). The results of performance were analyzed considering of work duration, age, educational level, alcohol drinking, smoking and testing time as confounding factors. Benton visual retention test, pursuit aiming correct dot and sum of dot showed significant differences among the groups, and decreased with increasing work duration. It indicated that the mean scores of performance ability were lowering according to work duration. Besides, the tests that didn't show statistical significances but showed linear trends were depression-dejection, vigor, fatigue of POMS, slowest time of simple reaction time and digit span forward. Most of the neurobehavioral test items were correlated with age and educational level. After controlling of confounding factors-age and educational level, the results followed ; digit span backward was different significantly. Tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility of POMS, SD and slowest time of simple reaction time, Santa Ana dexterity test non-preferred hand, digit span forward, Benton visual retention test and pursuit aiming correct dot decreased with increasing of work duration. The correlation analysis was done in order to find out the relationship between subjective symptom and the scores of neurobehavioral core test battery. According to the results of analysis there were no items that had statistical significant relationship(p<0.05).

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.159-180
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• 2012

The objectives of this study are to identify significant antecedents of trust and satisfaction and to examine the relationship between trust and satisfaction and interrelationship between trust, satisfaction, loyalty, relationship retention and intention of words of mouth based on buyers of Chinese internet shopping mall. The questionnaire was collected by personal interview. A total of 448 completed questionnaires were collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the validity of the measurement model, and the structural model also was analyzed to examine the associations hypothesized in the research model. This study uses AMOS program to investigate the research model. Results in this paper indicate that the antecedents of trust and satisfaction have three dimensions, namely communicational, traditional and relational factors. All these three functions are positively related to trust and satisfaction. Also the results show that trust and satisfaction are positively related to loyalty, relationship retention and intention of words of mouth. Finally, this study suggests the implications of these findings and offers directions for future research.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.303-307
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to investigate whether alcohol alters learning and memory processes pertaining to emotional and spatial factors using the active avoidance and T-maze task in zebrafish. In the active avoidance task, zebrafish were trained to escape from one compartment to another to avoid electric shocks (unconditioned stimulus) following a conditioned light signal. Acquisition of active avoidance task appeared to be normal in zebrafish that were treated with 1% alcohol for 30 min for 17 days until the end of the behavioral test, and retention ability of learned behavior, tested 2 days later, was the same as control group. In the T-maze task, the time to find a reservoir was compared. While the latency was similar during the 1 st training session between control and alcohol-treated zebrafish, it was significantly longer in alcohol-treated zebrafish during retention test 24 h later. Furthermore, when alcohol was treated 30 min after 2nd session without prior treatment, zebrafish demonstrated similar retention ability compared to control. These results suggest that chronic alcohol treatment alters spatial learning of zebrafish, but not emotional learning.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.989-993
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• 2007

A lactose-hydrolyzed milk with low sweetness was developed using nanofiltration. Raw milk was treated with 0.03% ${\beta}$-galactosidase at $4^{\circ}C$ for 24 h to hydrolyze lactose partially. The resultant lactose-hydrolyzed milk containing 0.43% lactose was then concentrated using a nanofiltration membrane to reach concentration factor of 2.13. The concentration factors and coefficients of retention of milk components in nanofiltration were determined. The concentration factor of milk fat was 2.20 which was the highest of the milk components. The coefficient of retention of calcium and riboflavin was 0.96 and 0.76, respectively. However, the coefficient of retention of glucose, galactose, and sodium was 0.21, 0.15, and 0.22, respectively. Raw milk was treated with 0.1% ${\beta}$-galactosidase at $4^{\circ}C$ for 40 h to hydrolyze lactose fully and then concentrated to reach a concentration factor of 1.6 by using nanofiltration. The concentrated milk was reconstituted with water. The lactose-hydrolyzed milk had sweetness similar to milk. The compositional ratios of crude protein, calcium, sodium, and riboflavin of lactose-hydrolyzed nanofiltrated milk to those of raw milk were 99%, 97%, 77%, and 80%, respectively. This study showed that nanofiltration of lactose-hydrolyzed milk to remove galactose and glucose did not cause significant loss of calcium. The lactose-hydrolyzed nanofiltrated milk contained 0.06% lactose and had sweetness similar to milk.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 2013

A selected halogenated organic contaminant, monochlorophenol was successfully degraded by photocatalytic reaction in a circulating batch system. The photocatalytic degradation in most cases follows first-order kinetics. The photocatalytic reaction rate increased in the $TiO_2$ dosage range of 0.1 g/L to 0.4 g/L, then decreased with further increase of the dosage. Also the degradation rate increased over the range of the retention time from 0.49 min. to 0.94 min., then decreased with further increase of the retention time in the circulating batch reactor. The photocatalytic activity was enhanced by addition of metal impurities, platinum(Pt) and palladium(Pd) onto the photocatalysts. The photocatalytic degradation rate increased with the increase of Pt and Pd in the content range of 0 to 2wt %, then decreased with further increase of the metal contents. Therefore the metal loading to $TiO_2$ influence the degradation rate of a halogenated organic compound by acting as electron traps, consequently reducing the electron/positive hole pair recombination rate.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2002

The effect of diurnal cycle, intermittent visit of observation satellite, sensor installation, partial coverage of remote sensing, heterogeneity of soil properties and precipitation to the soil moisture estimation error were analyzed to present the global sampling strategy of soil moisture. Three models, the theoretical soil moisture model, WGR model proposed Waymire of at. (1984) to generate rainfall, and Turning Band Method to generate two dimensional soil porosity, active soil depth and loss coefficient field were used to construct sufficient two-dimensional soil moisture data based on different scenarios. The sampling error is dominated by sampling interval and design scheme. The effect of heterogeneity of soil properties and rainfall to sampling error is smaller than that of temporal gap and spatial gap. Selecting a small sampling interval can dramatically reduce the sampling error generated by other factors such as heterogeneity of rainfall, soil properties, topography, and climatic conditions. If the annual mean of coverage portion is about 90%, the effect of partial coverage to sampling error can be disregarded. The water retention capacity of fields is very important in the sampling error. The smaller the water retention capacity of the field (small soil porosity and thin active soil depth), the greater the sampling error. These results indicate that the sampling error is very sensitive to water retention capacity. Block random installation gets more accurate data than random installation of soil moisture gages. The Walnut Gulch soil moisture data show that the diurnal variation of soil moisture causes sampling error between 1 and 4 % in daily estimation.