• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1113-1120
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find the important travel agency service quality factors in relation to the amount of information search efforts through major information channels of customers such as interpersonal source, retailer source, and external media source. Factor analysis using varimax rotation was performed and 20 service attributes of travel agent was reduced to 6 factors; convenience system, personal service, customer maintaining service, reputation, atmosphere and accessibility. According to MANOVA analysis there are significant differences in the service quality factor due to the type of source and amount of efforts of information search.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.55-67
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out the source of information and clothing benefits of female university students according to their shopping orientations. 340 female students living in Seoul were surveyed and the following results were found: Female students were divided into recreational shoppers and convenience shoppers according to their shopping orientations. Recreational shoppers exhibited interest in self-improvement, individuality, economy, and convenience shoppers in practicality of clothing benefits. Recreational shoppers focused higher value on gathering information than convenience shoppers and prefer information they gain in store display and mass communication media. Recreational shoppers have higher value on self-actualizing than social affiliation value. The findings indicate that shopping orientation can be used effectively to segment the female university students market and the finding of this study contribute to the development of strategies for clothing producer or retailer to provide a strong means to satisfy their shoppers' needs.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.375-390
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• 2001

Currently the super power of department stores over their tenants has mentioned in Korean apparel newspapers very often. It may be the one that the government in fashion industry has not delved into the relationship between department stores and their tenants. The aim in here is to look at the conceptual framework of power based on the retail power oriented and to explain current issues with its theoretical backgrounds. Due to the inherent of retailer power oriented, this study involves not only in French and Raven's power sources but also in positioning power source that is the ability of allocating the location and adjusting size of the store. 235 samples are tested through Lisrel. The results of statistical analysis show that: The power of department store over that perceived by the tenant has negatively influenced countervailing power of the tenant upon department store. The coercive power sources of department store have positively influenced the power of department store over that perceived by the tenant while the non-coercive power sources have not significantly influenced on it. The countervailing power of the tenant has positively influenced the non-coercive power sources of department store perceived by the tenant. On the other hand, the countervailing power of the tenant has not significantly influenced the coercive power sources of department store perceived by the tenant. The implication of these results is that the retailer oriented power sources and its implements differs from the manufacturer oriented ones in the framework of power. A great deal more research is required in order that the relationship between department store and its tenants can be better understood.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.115-123
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• 2006

The main focus of this study is to investigate the performance of a clark-scarf type multi-echelon serial supply chain operating with a base-stock policy and to optimize the inventory levels in the supply chains so as to minimize the systemwide total inventory cost, comprising holding and backorder costs as all the nodes in the supply chain. The source of supply of raw materials to the most upstream node, namely supplier, is assumed to have an infinite raw material availability. Retailer faces random customer demand, which is assumed to be stationary and normally distributed. If the demand exceeds on-hand inventory, the excess demand is backlogged. Using the echelon stock and demand quantile concepts and an efficient simulation technique, we derive near optimal inventory policy. Additionally we discuss the derived results through the extensive experiments for different supply chain settings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.12
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• pp.1721-1732
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• 2007

This study identified types of information source, and explored a path model for consumer information search by shopping attributes in the context of online decision making. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires during regularly scheduled classes. A total of 219 usable questionnaires were obtained from respondents who enroll at universities in the southwestern region of the United States. For data analysis, factor analysis and path model estimation were used. Consumer information source was classified into three types for online clothing purchases: Online source, Offline retail source, and Mass media. Consumers were more likely to rely on offline retail source for online clothing purchases, than other sources. In consumer information search by shopping attributes, online sources were more likely to be related to transaction-related attributes(e.g., incentive service), whereas offline retail source(e.g., displays in stores, manufacturer's catalogs and pamphlets) were more likely to be related to product and market related attributes(e.g., aesthetics, price) when purchasing clothing online. Also, the path model emphasizes the effect of shopping attributes on traditional retailer search behavior, leading to online purchase intention for clothing. This study supports consumer information search by attributes, and discusses a managerial implication of multi-channel retailing for apparel.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.509-518
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• 2005

In recent years retail competition has intensified, generally as a consequence of technologies, more sophisticated management practices and industry consolidation. An understanding of current customers' loyalty intentions and their determinants is an important basis for the identification of optimal retailer actions. The focus of this study is to examine the links between patronage intention and the effects of various antecedents of current customers' store loyalty intentions in fashion store. 340 female universities students living in Seoul were analyzed by utilizing multiple regressions to investigate the predictability of each of the 4 different sets of variables(consumer value, source of information, clothing benefits, importance of store attributes) on four patronage intentions of apparel shopping(discount store, speciality store, conventional market, Fashion shopping mall). Four factors were significant in predicting conventional market patronage intention. Brand had a negative coefficient, while price, social affiliation, store fashion service/promotion had positive coefficients. Fashion shopping mall were predicted by five factors:brand had a negative coefficient, while media, social affiliation, price, uniqueness had positive coefficients. For specialty store, four factors were significant: brand had a negative coefficient, while store fashion service/promotion, personal sources, uniqueness had positive coefficients. Four factors were significant in predicting discount store patronage intention :price, store fashion service/promotion, social affiliation, variety of price & product had positive coefficients. Despite the relatively low $r^2s$, all four variables appeared to have, to some degree, predictability of choosing among four different types of store for apparel shopping. Based on the results, patronage intention profiles for four retail stores were developed. Marketing implications are discussed.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1999

The category killer that has been rapidly growing mainly in advanced countries since early 1990's, is a mew distribution model which aims for obtaining market controlling power by surpassing competing businesses in a specific area of products. The domestic situation of category killers is very different from that of advanced ones abroad since it has just been introduced into the Korean market. At the moment, there are only 10 or so companies operating in the market : Geopyung's , Taeheng's , Midopa's , of Sinsegye Department store, adn of Yerim International. The purpose of this study is to examine problems of domestic companies in the present market by analysing the operation status of category killers in domestic markets as well as foreign ones, and to suggest a counter-strategy of category killers for the distribution environment of the 21st century to improve the competitiveness of Korean distribution industry. The competitiveness of category killers lies above all in products lines. Category killers are equipped with the greatest number of products lines among those of competing businesses due to maximized product selections in an limited range. Another source of competitiveness may be found in balanced strategy positioning. That is to say, category killers are in a position where they can adjust policies towards any of the three purposes while aiming at them altogether : prices of discount stores, products range of specialty stores, and customer service level of department stores. It is also necessary for efficient store operation to use information technology such as electronic data interchange (EDI), electronic pose system(EPOS) and electronic funds transfer (EFTPOS). As for the cost structure, category killers can gain an advantage over other business since operating cost of various sections can be saved. There are, however, certain risks that category killers with strong competitiveness may influence on other businesses a great deal and even facilitate their decline. Yet it seems that the growth of category killers will be more viciously restrained by continuous challenges from other businesses. The distribution industry is supposed to develop through such competition and restraint.