• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

The usages of urban riverine areas for the Gapchoen and Yudungcheon in Daejoen City were evaluated by analyzing riverbed characteristics and water quality and by surveying the status of the floodplain usage including questionnaires of people visiting the rivers. Both rivers appear to be stable with insignificant bed changes as the riverbeds are dominated by gravels. Water qualities of both rivers have been improved significantly over the past decade although there are quite large seasonal fluctuations, which is common in most rivers in Korea. The results of floodplain usage analyses show that Gapcheon is dominated with static uses (>70%) such as promenades and resting facilities, while Yudungcheon by dynamic uses (>44%) such as sports facilities. Overall, both rivers require better plans for riverine area usage management considering a balance between the dynamic uses and the static uses such as natural observation places for education and habitats for birds and fish in the rivers. The questionnaire survey results indicate that overall the present status of both rivers are satisfactory and that water quality improvement is one of the key factors to enhance the value of the riverine areas. Future river restoration should be conducted by taking into account the characteristics of urban rivers in harmony with surrounding natural sceneries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.40-54
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• 2008

Small and large dams are installed in the course of a stream for maintaining the water level of the stream or obtaining agricultural water. Currently about 18,000 of them are installed in Korea to supply water. However, the environmental problems of small dams are well known : the interruption of stream eco-corridors, deterioration of water quality in the upper reaches of the small dam, changes in the habitats of riparian organisms, damages to the stream scenery. In a very few of these small dams artificial eco-corridors like fishways are installed, but the number is very minimal.Accordingly, to efficiently restore stream eco-corridors by removing these small dams, it will be necessary to closely examine physical impacts, such as changes in the riverbed and changes in the shape of the stream caused by the removal, chemical impacts, such as changes in water quality, and transport and accumulation of contaminated sediments and biological impacts, such as changes in the habitats of organisms, and develop related technologies in advance, and have these technologies verified through demonstration application in the sites. In this study, we analyzed the physical, chemical and ecological impacts of the removal of the above-mentioned small dams, and conducted a research on the demonstration small dam removal project for a spot investigation. As a result, the small dam removal will restore the eco-corridor, there by improving the habitat of fishes and crustaceans. The number of major underwater organisms inhabiting the Gokreungcheon, such as Korean spotted sleepers, Chinese minnows, Microphysogobio yaluensis, Abbottina rivularis, stone morokos, striped shinners, long-nosed barbels, and Chinese mitten crabs, is expected to increase, and the food chain in the ecosystem will improve so that species diversity will improve as well.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.161-168
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• 2005

With characteristics of river continuum, stream ecosystems have diverse components and environments from upstream channel to estuarine area. Therefore, the habitat requirements and composition of conservative object should be well understood before applying any improvement measure. In this paper, the causes of stream habitat changes were first illustrated with the categories and principles of habitat restoration methods. The structural restoration techniques of fish habitat improvement utilized by the authors or one three-year research project starting at 1990 were then presented. Through the introductions on the project background, planning guidelines, structure design, and ecological evaluation, this paper tried to provide some effective examples of stream restoration practices that ecological expert was invited for cooperation and advising.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.115-124
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• 2013

This study was conducted to make a biotop planning and construct 3 types of biotop by each site conditions. Three sites of different types in ecological and scenery conservation area of the Dong-gang river were selected by expert brain-storming process and constructed terrestrial biotops and aquatic biotops. Targets of 3 sites were set up such as constructing a habitat for Kaloula borealis and an ecological education place, building a terrestrial biotopes and monitoring the natural vegetation succession, and constructing a habitat for Luciola unmunsana Doi. The study results can be applied hereafter to ecological restoration projects, after construction of habitat, the priority should be prepare measures of monitoring and maintenance, hereafter continuous study on ecological restoration should be performed actively through construction of biotope and wild animals and plants habitat.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

To evaluate the effect of the 4 major rivers restoration project in the Nakdong River to water quality of the river, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) and Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP), are applied in series. Results showed overall decrease in biochemical oxygen demand ($BOD_5$) concentrations and increase in chlorophyll-a concentrations, while total nitrogen and total phosphorous concentrations did not show significant changes, relatively. Decrease in $BOD_5$ concentrations seems to be influenced by an increased hydraulic residence time, which may allow more time for the degradation of organic material. Changes in Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, due to the project were more significant for the upper stream areas that show relatively low Chl-a concentration ranges (less than 20 g/L). After the introduction of the Geumho River in the middle part of the Nakdong River, rapid growth of phytoplankton was observed. However, in this middle part of the Nakdong River, the ratio of Chl-a concentration change are less significant, compared to the upper stream areas, due to the project. In the lower stream area, Chl-a concentration decreased after the project. This seems to be resulted from the decreased light availability, due to increased depth, while the nutrient concentrations have been high enough to support phytoplankton growth.

• River and Culture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.115-117
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• 2012

지난해 11월 11~12일에 하천협회의 지원을 받아 일본 동경에서 개최된 아시아하천복원네트워크(Asia River Restoration Network, ARRN)에 참석하였다. ARRN은 아시아지역에서의 하천복원에 관한 정보와 기술교환 그리고 몬순지역의 유역특성에 적합한 복원가이드라인을 마련하기 위해 2006년 10월 한국, 중국, 일본이 주축이 되어 만든 비정부기구로서 매년 기구의 운영에 관한 회의와 국제포럼을 개최하고 있다(하천과 문화 2011년 Vol.7 No.2 참조). 우리나라에서도 2009년, 2010년도에 동 회의를 개최한 적이 있으며, 지금까지 일본에서 3회, 중국에서 한번을 개최하여 정보교환과 가이드라인 제작을 위한 많은 협의를 거쳐 작년도에 한 중 일 하천복원사례(ver.1)와 복원가이드라인(ver.1)을 제작하였으며 계속 보완 중에 있다. 이러한 ARRN의 활동은 주로 Web Site를 통해 이루어지고 있으며 ARRN은 물론 JRRN(일본), CRRN(중국)도 자체 홈페이지를 운영하고 있다. 그동안 우리나라만 자체 홈페이지조차 없어 다소 궁색하였으나 지난 10월말에 겨우 만들어 그나마 모양새를 갖추게 되었다(www.krrn.net). 본 고에서는 이번 회의참석결과를 여러 회원님들께 보고함과 동시에 앞으로 KRRN의 향후 발전을 위한 많은 협조를 구하고자 한다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2013

In Korea, where the plain land is greatly deficient as a mountainous nation, most of riparian zones were transformed into agricultural fields and urban areas. Excessive use of the land, which is close to river, makes the rivers enduring severe pollution stresses. Disappearance of riparian buffer, which plays a function of filter in the riverside, appears as a main factor aggravating water pollution of rivers. In this respect, it is imperative to restore the lost riparian vegetation. This study found out restoration models of riparian vegetation from the Bongseonsa stream, which has remnant riparian vegetation patches as a conservation reserve. Feasible reference information applicable for restoration of riparian vegetation was shown in the species level in the order of herb, shrub, and tree and sub-tree zones as far away from the waterway. Those information could contribute to restoring integrate and healthy rivers and streams beyond simple landscaping differently from the other restoration projects when they will be applied to the restoration project to be carried out in the future. In addition, the spatial range of river and stream, background that riparian zone disappeared in Korea, and application plan of the obtained reference information were discussed.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.327-331
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• 2009

Covering structures and elevated road of Cheonggyecheon are the by-products of the developing era when functionality and efficiency were emphasized. Historic river restoration project around Cheonggyecheon which had been emerged as a threat to the safety of the citizens due to its corrosion and structural defects as time passes had been performed during the period from July, 2003 through October, 2005 under the slogan of future-oriented urban environment creation. By dint of this river restoration project, its value is being heightened as almost all the rivers of Seoul including Seongbukcheon, Chungreungcheon and Honghaecheon have been arranged by inter-active linkage. In addition, this river is becoming a place frequented by the numerous visitors at home and aborad by providing the citizens with an attractive space for utilizing leisure time. Currently in the diversified areas, an academic research on the Cheonggyecheon restoration is under progress. In this study, sampled questionnaire for the visitors was carried out by site visit with the necessity of users' satisfaction survey in terms of revitalization of pedestrian space of the city street. As a result of this, natural restoration and provision of leisure space were surveyed to be highly assessed in terms of satisfaction and insufficient provision of convenience facilities including toilet and parking space was pointed out as a matter to be improved. As Cheonggyecheon is invigorated from the obstacle of urban environment through its epochal restoration, its value provided to us will be evaluated and by supplementing the deduced problems, we intend to find its meaning in our hope that this would become a sustainable future assets providing a basic data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.56-59
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09b
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• pp.1363-1364
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• 2005