• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.667-674
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to understand landscape ecological characteristics on habitats of Nannophya pygmaea, an endangered species in South Korea. The ecological characteristics of the habitats were investigated in abandoned paddy fields where N. pygmaea populations have been found in Chungcheongnam-do Kongju, Gyeonggi-do Kwangju and Gyeongsangbuk-do Mungyeong from 2009 to 2010. We surveyed the dominant vegetation, areas, water depth and temperature, and plant height and coverage to compare the wetlands living N. pygmaea and not living N. pygmaea. As a result, habitats of N. pygmaea in all regions were dominated by Salix koreensis community. There is no signigicant difference in the water temperature, plant height and coverage among wetlands of the three different sites, but depth was varied within 2.5~9.5cm. The water depth of habitat was deeper in Gongju than the others. Percentage of open water was 1.7~6% in the wetlands living N. pygmaea. but it did not appear in the wetlands not living N. pygmaea. Therefore, the ecological characteristics of wetlands as abandoned paddy fields should be taken into account for N. pygmaea habitat conservation and restoration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.94 no.1 s.158
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to understand the dynamics of naturally regenerated seedlings and saplings in 28years after selective cutting at natural Korean pine-broadleaved forests in Mt. Changbai. The number of naturally regenerated tree species was 16 species in 28 years after selective cutting. The appearance rate of naturally regenerated tree species was 56 percentage and the early-successional tree species of Acer ukurunduense, Acer mono, Acer pseudosieboldianum, Prunus padus var. pubescens, and Maackia amurensis were found in the first 10 years after selective cutting. The seedlings and saplings of shade-tolerant tree species of Pinus koraiensis, Acer mandshuricum, Ulmus laciniata were appeared and the appearance rate was higher than 75% after 15 years while it showed little changes from 19 years after selective cutting. The distribution density of seedlings and saplings of regenerated tree species in selective cutting area was 5,500~6,100 trees per hectare in the first 10 years, and it increased gradually along with the restoration of disturbed area and it could reach 7,500 trees per hectare after 15 years.

• Explosives and Blasting
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.62-78
• /
• 2009

Recently, construction techniques have been rapidly developed with reconstruction of old buildings, urban regeneration and efforts of restoring natural ecology, so demolition of deteriorated buildings has been rapidly increasing. Demolition work of building should be executed without damaging surrounding environments according to relevant regulations. There are various demolition methods and among them, explosives demolition is the most practical way for expenses and safety of work. As a part of Daejeon stream ecological restoration project, this thesis is a case of executing demolition of Chung-Ang Department Store which was built 35 years ago as covered structure on the upper part of Daejeon stream with explosives demolition. This structure is 8 stories high, total height of 41.6 m including basement floor, $1,650m^2$ for building area and $18,351m^2$ for total floor area. It is located in the center of Daejeon city where shopping centers and buildings are crowded and main facilities are Daejeon subway (18m), backside shopping center (20m), underground shopping center(15m), Mokchuk bridge, Eunjung bridge(0.25m) and fiber-optic cable(0.25m). In this project, implosion was selected for explosives demolition methods by considering this area being a busy urban area, and this project was executed after examining collapse movement of structure in advance using simulation program not to damage main facilities. Total 80kg of explosives and 1,000 detonators were being used. This project will be a good case of executing explosives demolition successfully by applying implosion on urban area in the country.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.333-338
• /
• 2020

Dye markers are used in the study of subterranean termites to determine colony territories and population sizes. Dyes not only allow the study of termite biology, but can also be used for control purposes. Although Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis causes damage to wooden historical properties in Korea, the dye markers have not been applied. Therefore, we evaluated the applicability of Nile Blue A dye for R. s. kyushuensis. Filter papers dyed with concentrations of 0.05%, 0.10%, and 0.25% (w/w) were each fed to termite populations through a no-choice feeding test for 1, 3, or 7 days. After 4 weeks, the survival rate, dyeing rate, and maintenance of dyeing were recorded. The results showed high survival rates with lower dye concentrations and shorter feeding periods. Among the combinations of concentrations and days, high survival rates, dyeing rates, and dyeing maintenance periods were found at concentrations of 0.05% and 0.10% for 3 days of feeding. These maximized the survivorship and visibility. The results from the current study can be applied to investigate the ecology and control of R. s. kyushuensis in both the laboratory and field.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.371-387
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the flora of Mt. Unbongsan in the basalt areas of Korea. From the results of eight field surveys undertaken from March to October 2017, we identified 404 total taxa, representing 364 species, seven subspecies, and 33 varieties, which were placed in 256 genera and 91 families. The plant formation of Mt. Unbongsan is a deciduous broad-leaved and conifer mixed forest, which is common in the middle part of the Korean peninsula. Most of the mountain is covered by a young secondary forest, which is mainly composed of Quercus monglica and Pinus densiflora. Out of these 404 taxa, 193 were the first records for the region, six were endemic to Korea, three were listed on the Korean Red List of threatened species, 34 were floristic target species, and 40 were invasive alien species. The naturalized index(NI) percentage was 9.9%. Mt. Unbongsan has plant diversity, which was associated with the geomorphological landscapes. We considered that the composition and distribution of the species were affected by different environmental factors according to the presence of granite, taluses, block streams, drying ridges, valleys, puddles, wetlands, and streams.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2013

The objective of study was to protect seabird breeding site and vegetation restoration of Chilbal and Sokugul island in Shinan county Jeonnam province, April and December 2011. We analyzed the soil properties according to the dominant communities and environmental gradient. As a result, It was highly analyzed to moisture content, organic matter, salinity, total nitrogen in Commelina communis community and low analyzed in Achyranthes japonica community. Carex boottiana community which mainly used as a seabird habitat has a wide range and Achyranthes japonica and Artemisia princeps community was narrowed to soil properties. Soil pH of Carex boottiana community in Sogugul island was the lowest on 3.14 and Peucedanum japonicum community was the highest. Soil moisture content and organic matter was analyzed by the high value in Peucedanum japonicum community. In contrast, Achyranthes japonica was the low value and Carex boottiana community was analyzed the highest on the salinity and total nitrogen. On the soil environmental characteristics according to the environmental gradient, The higher altitude, moisture content, organic matter, salinity and total nitrogen was the lower in Chilbal island. In the case of Sokugul island, the altitude difference did not show the characteristics of soil environmental factors for small area and low altitude. But moisture content is similar to soil property of Chilbal island. Soil property was strongly acid soil because of seabird dropping. This results will be helpful to manage the invasive plants.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.121-127
• /
• 2008

As a step toward developing conservation and restoration plans for an endangered species of the Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana), we studied daily foraging behavior and ecology. We released two individuals, male and female, after enclosing study site with a fence and cutting out a part of two or three feathers of primaries. Research was conducted from 16 June to 11 July, 2007 for 25 days at Whawonri, Mewonmyung, Chungbuk province. We investigated diural and daily variation of foraging time budget, diet composition, and habitat selection of the feeding individuals. The storks quadratically invested for foraging time and resting time according to time of day, but no significant variation in the foraging time and resting time appeared daily over 25 days. As a result, the storks mainly used wetland as a foraging site in the center of the study area to that in the edge as well as to other types of habitat. The high usage for wetland in the center did not change over the 25 days while Rice field decreased and Wetland in the edge and Pathway increased. Female invested more time for foraging than male, but the foraging efficiency did not differ between them. We discussed the significance of foraging behavior and habitat selection for management plan.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.190-208
• /
• 2016

This study was carried out to understand the spatial distribution and conservation, restoration plan for vegetation in the Hwaeom wetland protected area. Total 29 phytosociological releves consisted of 117 plant species (unidentified species contained) was made during field studies conducted at 2008 and 2013 applying Braun-Branquet method. The collected vegetations were arranged 8 plant communities and thus divided hydric types (Drosera rotundifolia-Eleocharis congesta community, Carex forficula-Molinia japonica community) and xeric types (Miscanthus sinensis community, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense community, Tripterygium regelii community, Carex gifuensis-Quercus mongolica community) under moisture conditions. The hydric types growing in hydric conditions distributed along hollowed out ground or the water channel that have a key qualification to protect. In the wetland protected area, the hydric vegetation types were mostly covered about 3.8% and the xeric types dominating by Miscanthus sinensis were most wildly distributed about 51.5%. Various woody plant species invaded the place. In 2008, invasion plants observed with total 14 species - 8 tree species (227 individual), 6 shrub species (51 individual) and alders (Aluns japonica) found in 2013. We suggested finding out that the sustainable conservation and management in Hwaeom wetland should be setting up plan focused on activity and variability such as continuous monitoring (changing vegetation types, spatial distribution, invasion plants) and zonation management (core zone, buffer zone, transition zone).

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.136-143
• /
• 2011

Early life history of the endangered species Gobiobotia brevibarba was investigated to provide baseline data for biological characteristics and restoration. Adult fish were sampled by spoon net capture at Hongcheon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, in April 2010. Eggs were obtained after injection of Ovarprim and were artificially fertilized by the dry method in the laboratory. The mature eggs were slightly adhesive and transparent with greyish and average $1.24{\pm}0.07$ mm in diameter. The hatching of the embryos took place about 120 h after fertilization at a water temperature of $23^{\circ}C$. The newly-hatched larva averaged $5.5{\pm}0.29$ mm in total length. Four days after hatching, they averaged $7.4{\pm}0.26$ mm in total length and their yolk sacs were completely absorbed. From 15 days after hatching, they entered the juvenile stage and reached $9.9{\pm}0.72$ mm in total length. One hundred days after hatching, their band patterns and external form were similar to those of adults, and they averaged $36.0{\pm}3.11$ mm in total length.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2012

Increasing concern about biodiversity has lead to a rise in demand on the spatial assessment of biological resources such as biodiversity assessment, protected area selection, habitat management and restoration in Korea. The purpose of this study is to create species richness map through data collection and modeling techniques for wildlife habitat assessment. The GAM (Generalized Additive Model) is easy to interpret and shows better relationship between environmental variables and a response variable than an existing overlap analysis and GLM (Generalized Linear Model). The study area delineated by a large watershed contains Jirisan national park, Mt. Baekun and Sumjin river with three kinds of protected areas (a national park, a landscape ecology protected area and an otter protected area). We collected the presence-absence data for wildlife (mammals and birds) using a stratified random sampling based on a land cover in the study area and implemented natural and socio-environmental data affecting wildlife habitats. After doing a habitat use analysis and specifying significant factors for each species, we built habitat suitability models using a presence-absence model and created habitat suitability maps for each species. Biodiversity maps were generated by taxa and all species using habitat suitability maps. Significant factors affecting each species habitat were different according to their habitat selection. Although some species like a water deer or a great tit were distributed at the low elevation, most potential habitats for mammals and birds were found at the edge of a national park boundary or near a forest around the medium elevation of a mountain range. This study will be used for a basis on biodiversity assessment and proected area selection carried out by Ministry of Environment.