• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.3-16
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• 1998

Fashion specialty store is based on one theme called "Fashion", to pursue originality of facilities in one concept from merchandising, environmental planning and facilities management and satisfy consumer's urge quantitatively as well as qualitative]y also congreqation of characteristic space, distingtion from commor store, not only selling goods but also jointly owned funtiona] space such as information and culture. So this research. with the importance of image. to present the basic information of interior design, study on the analyzing the type of image and the factor of composition focused on the complex fashion specialty store in own brand. Ana]yzing thr type of image with preliminary research and the first and second questionnair, with this make a comparision between the factor of composition and image. The conclusion was summertized as follows : '||'&'||'#8226; Firstly, the interior image of complex fashion specialty store in own brand divided into ;) different images, Such as :VIodern, Semi Classic. Hi-Tech Ylodern, Natural. and casual image '||'&'||'#8226; Secondly, according to the factor of composition is as follows, Such as Architecture, Surface. Furniture, Lighting and Display, the factor of composition is as follows : Architectura] factor divided into vertical. horizental. flexibility and exterior, Surface : material. and main color, Furniture : form and material. Lighting : lighting fixture and genera] lighting system, and Display: window and interior display . '||'&'||'#8226; Third]y, make a comparision of image. simple and feminine with Hi-Tech, Semi-Classic toward natural. complicated, feminine. and Low-Tech, Hi Tech ~.Iodern image, toward modem. natural. simple feel and somehow feminine. Natrual image, toward modem. natura], simple, and Hi Tech, Casual image toward modm, simple, and Hi Tech. '||'&'||'#8226; Fourthly, with builaing up new space, alteration infashion specialty store focused on the customers seiling space with rest and resources, also huge character is found in fashion specialty store

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.456-466
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• 2015

Today, a definition of tourism is shifting from simple sightseeing to experiencing various cultures directly and/or indirectly. Along with the shift, all countries of the world dedicate their full attention on globalization project. In order to do so, they try to promote their images and cultures through eating and drinking spaces for food where the rest of the world can approach with ease. China is a country of diverse culinary culture. By analyzing eating and drinking spaces operated in four Chinese cities, this research studies how the traditional Chinese elements are expressed in modernization. With the research, it will navigate a direction as a new design way to establish modernized traditionality in the future. The research conducted an advanced research that set up and analyzed a standard frame of realizing practice for traditionality. By doing so, it sorted out and reviewed the characteristics of interior space into four styles; an indicative imitation method, a partial invoked method, a partial transformation method and a conceptual reception method. According to the outcome of an analysis, (a) the indicative imitation method that directly employed Chinese tradition was most used one, followed by (b) the partial invoked method that carried a part of traditional space, (c) the partial transformation method that simplified or transformed the tradition, and (d) the conceptual reception method that interpreted hidden minds and concepts by illustrating modern spirit over an inherent order in traditional Chinese space, in respective order.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

There is a demand for a complex cultural space of play, leisure and education, a kids cafe, which will replace a playground just for kids as awareness for the need of a space where parents can spend leisure time with their own children and can take a rest grows, Thus, this study aims to find features for user satisfying kids cafes by conducting observations of the kids cafes and user survey. This study selected 12 kids cafes, 3 kids cafes per type (play focused, cafe or restaurant focused, education focused, multipurpose focused), in Seoul which were built after 2007 and conducted surveys on space planning and spatial characteristics by users and types and the level of satisfaction. As a result, the play focused kids cafes are used the most and the multipurpose focused kids cafes are used the second most. So the reason for using kids cafes is for the play of children. Also the overall satisfaction level for kid cafes were above the average except for the price. The result of this study showed that there was differences of satisfaction based on the type of user satisfaction, size of children space, finishes, colors, furniture and accessories, sanitary conditions. For the overall satisfaction, users were satisfied with the interior space, however, users were unsatisfied with functional parts, such as toys, foods and educational program. The results of the analysis showed that based on the types of the kids cafes, users' satisfaction rate for space size for the children, finishes, colors, furniture and accessories, sanitary conditions were different and for the functional parts, the satisfaction rate was different in all aspects. Also, in overall, the educational focused type users showed higher satisfaction rate than other users. Finally, the level of satisfaction is different by type of kids cafes and we have to consider the level of satisfaction of the users in order to plan kids cafes which meet the demand of the users.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.467-478
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• 2012

Interurban railway is expanded by transportation that population can be centralism and cope efficiently in traffic jam by augmentation of vehicles in the city. Railroad chair departs in space of an existent simple rest and products that can raise human body standard and size by powerful engineering vicinity, quality of the material, psychological satisfaction etc. of users are developed steadily. Specially, study of space that can use various materials efficiently with bodily size government official because various of man and woman old and the young etc.. are using in occasion of the train is urgently required. Specially, railroad chair is a product that material and standard, structure, human body engineering, a finish etc. is studied variously. In the case of advanced nation, in case of design a chair operating time of railroad, is placed as all standards orderly and harmonious because is considered exercise dynamics etc.. and designs. The other side, in the case of our country, study expert of chair is short real and is depending on technological data of overseas railway vehicle. Chair for railroad must consider removal of short-range, long distance. That have to be consider to a lot of uncomfortable such as psychological satisfaction of user because the domestic Motor Companies are defining in fair development study and many researchers but the railroad chair company are not accumulated professional manpower and technological know-how. Railway vehicle can recognize that overseas visitors as well as native is important element as space that space is exposed internationally by product that Public personality which used cultural value is strong. Therefore, wish to plan valid spec relationship presentation of various design and specification, function etc.. and contribute to railroad chair development design process lists and analyzes van instances of railway vehicle chair of inside and outside of the country through this study.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze the preference of spatial elements for common space planning in senior congregate housing. For the study, 500 potential consumer's residing in Seoul was surveyed using the questionnaire in the social survey methodology. As for the common spaces, gardens, treatment, and exercise rooms were preferred. A combination of both separate and group arrangement of the buildings was preferred, indicating that people wanted separation of the common space and the individual living units. Second, people preferred sharing parts of the common space with their neighbors and as is the traditional custom, preferred to take off their shoes at the entrance to individual units. Third, for the furniture and facilities, they wanted the manager room in the lobby, the small meeting rooms in the public dining room, a fitness center in the activity room, the rack or alcove to store items in front of an individuals unit in the hallway, a chair to sit down in the elevator, and the chair to rest on the stairway landing. Fourth, in terms of priority for planning the senior citizens' community housing, safety, familiarity like a regular home, reduced isolation and loneliness, sense of belonging, economic factors, aesthetic appreciation, daily life supplement, variety, and self-identity were answered in that order.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.3-14
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• 2019

The café has become an important representative "third place" where people study and rest. Hence, it is worthwhile for researchers to understand the needs of individual users as well as the requirements of people who visit such venues in groups. The identification of strategies that can help achieve larger, wider, higher, or deeper interior spaces in small and compact locations can generate benefits for both users and designers. In this study, where 56 interior design students participated, we used an eye-tracker and images of cafes to explore the relationships between spatial depth and the intention to visit a cafe space. The researchers digitally developed fifteen different conditions of space and measured the eye movements of the participants using an eye-tracker when they examined images that appeared to convey the most depth. Participants were also asked to imagine the proposed space images as cafes and to select one of the 15 images as the location that they would be most likely to visit individually and one that they would frequent in the company of other people. The research results revealed that certain ways of using interior design elements altered the participants' perceptions of spatial depth without any change being effected to the actual volume or the size of the space. The participants tended to perceive a space with a small decorative artwork on a dark toned wall with unconnected furniture as deeper than a space with no or large artwork on a light toned wall with contiguous furniture. Spatial depth was a more important consideration for an individual visit than for a group visit. The results of this exploratory study will help scholarly understanding of the role played by spatial depth in customer intentions to visit a cafe.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.66-73
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop the basis data for methods of the plan to make the office space of the psychological environment by survey of preference to users in Department Store. The results are as follows : First, we could know that the space plan has to be considered the privacy and sociality for the psychological environment in office space. Second, we could know that there are efficient methods of space plan to use the cutoff division by partitions, the psychological division by furniture and the sensitive division by material for privacy in office and resting space. For sociality, there are efficient arrangement methods to plan by division type in office space and by opening type in resting space. And it is good method to use by color that is one in esthetical elements. Third, if we considered users, it is good method to use partitions to cutoff from the floor to the ceiling for privacy in office space and to use movable furnitures to cutoff for privacy in resting space. Forth, we could know that there is the difference in methods of space plan to be preferred by user's variables for privacy and sociality in office and resting spaces. Thus, i think that we have to study considering user's variables and types of department store.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.268-271
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of living factors on TVOC(Total Volatile Organic Compounds) concentrations for newly-built apartments. The field measurements of TVOC concentrations were made totally 30 times(5 times per one subject house) in six apartment units in which residents recently moved. Those apartments authorized its business approval before May 2004, the Act of Indoor Air auality Management for multi-use facilities. The findings were as follows: The TVOC concentrations of the measured subject apartments ranged from about 1/10 of the recommended standard for multi-use facilities($400{\mu}g/m^3$) to up to 90 times as high as the standard. Since then, the Recommended Standard of Indoor Air Quality Management for newly-built apartment house was announced in December 2005. In accordance with this standard($2390{\mu}g/m^3$) it ranged from about 1/100 to up to 15 times as high as the standard. The subject house whose TVOC concentrations reduced below the recommendation standard in the shortest period had the largest amount of ventilation (all the windows were open for ventilation in the past three months) among ail measured houses. The reason of another house whose TVOC concentrations were much higher than the rest was fronted with new furniture in the room. It's recommended that they should open all the windows for at least three months for ventilation in newly-built houses, and it would be better to avoid remodeling than needs be.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2015

This research is about shared living facilities for the solitary elderly in Gyeonggi province (so called "Carnation House"), which was opened after 2013. These facilities aim to help solving the social problems of the growing number of the solitary elderly. The research was conducted from April 2014 to October 2014 by using observation, measurement, photography, and interview methods. This research reviewed floor plan, area, accessibility, visual openness, and furniture and equipments. The results are as follows: First, considering the need for rest area and the protection of privacy, livingroom should at least be equipped with a variable wall or have a separate room. Secondly, for the kitchen plan, considering the fact that large number of people move simultaneously, kitchen entrance should be widened or LDK type is preferable. Thirdly, the bathroom entrance should be widened to at least 800mm and should have barrier free design. Fourthly, porch entrance should be planned to secure enough space and shoe cabinets for multiple users. Fifthly, to allow the users to enjoy outside view, the windows of living spaces should be placed no higher than 800mm from the floor level. Finally, for the location of the facility, people prefer the location be at the center of the village or near home. In addition, location with easy accessibility for the elderly is advisable. Therefore, establishing local guidelines for shared living facilities for the solitary elderly is advisable. When establishing local guidelines, local characters, culture and usage patterns should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.735-747
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• 2018

Radon radiation exposures in home have been posed as a potential cancer hazard. This research aims to present the basic data of the indoor radon concentration level by examining the radon exhalation rates of wood species. Radon exhalation rates from five commonly used wood species in Korean wood building construction were measured with Continuous Radon Monitor (CRM), Model 1028 (Sun Nuclear Co., USA) using the Closed Chamber Method (CCM). The mass exhalation rate was observed to vary from $0.00089Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$ to $0.00181Bq{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$, whereas the surface exhalation rate was observed to be $0.00677-0.01517Bq{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}h^{-1}$. The radon exhalation rate of Quercus accutissima Carruth (white oak) which has the highest density showed the highest figure among the five wood species, on the other hand, the rest of four species showed similar results which were similar to the radon exhalation rates of wood in the U.S.A. and Canada. The average of the concentration measured by the CCM represented well up to the second half-life period (7.7 days). Because result of these small quantities seems to indicate that radon exhalation from the tested wood species has almost negligible impact, the main culprit of the high indoor radon concentration is clearly derived from the background of surrounding wood house. Therefore, as a safety precaution, infrastructures made of wood materials should be designed with the consideration of influx of radon and built accordingly. Furthermore, it is highly desirable that wood will be needed to use for furniture and interior finishing material in indoor environment.