• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.273-275
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• 2018

A 6-month-old male cat was presented for investigation of depression, loss of appetite, dehydration, pale conjunctival mucous membrane, weight loss, fast heart and respiratory rates, nasal discharge and cough. Nasal swabs collected from the studied cat. As the results of bacterial culture with nasal swabs, it was suspected with Mycoplasma spp. Also, Mycoplasma species was detected by the PCR reaction with Mycoplasma genus primers. At species PCR assay, the specimens evaluated for the presence of M. felis, M. arginini, M. gateae, and Acholeplasma laidlawii and the result was visualization of bands from 238 bp in agarose gel 1.5% showing M. felis amplicons in samples. In conclusion, we detected M. felis in a cat with respiratory disease. PCR was able to detect successfully M. felis infection in cats.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-33
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• 2011

Trichloroethylene (TCE, $C_2HCl_3$), which was introduced as a gas for general anesthesia and analgesia in early 1900's has been widely used in industry as an organic solvent. Occupational exposure to TCE is an important medical problem. Manifestations of acute exposure to TCE include mucocutaneous irritation, hepatotoxicity, cognitive impairment, sleep, headache, respiratory insufficiency and death. We report a 38-year-old man who was admitted to a department of emergency medicine after occupational inhalation exposure to TCE. He rapidly developed semicoma and respiratory depression. After mechanical ventilation, hypercapnea and hypoxemia disappeared and his mental state again became alert. Careful evaluation and proper respiratory support are important for respiratory failure after occupational TCE inhalation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2024

Patients with acute respiratory diseases, such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) due to COVID-19, must wear masks, protective clothing, face shields, and gloves to prevent infection during treatment and performance. Even if it is applied to disabled people, families who protect them are severely mentally tired from severe physical fatigue and stress from exposure to high-risk infectious diseases. As such, the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases has not only caused difficulties in using existing welfare and medical services but also caused various problems throughout the daily life of disabled people due to the prolonged infectious disease, and its scope is gradually expanding. Therefore, it should not be overlooked that disabled people may experience various difficulties, from the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases to isolation, diagnosis, and treatment, and it is time to actively assess the life changes felt by families caring for disabled people and consider and research to provide adequate services. According to the survey of disabled people is being conducted in the context of the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases, while research on the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases is rare for parents with disabilities. There is a need for additional investigation into the characteristics in other areas of everyday life, including the health field, which is deteriorating through prior research. Therefore, through this survey, the purpose of this study is to investigate the life changes of parents with disabilities in the context of the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases and to compare and analyze them to find out how parents were affected by each type of disability. It will be used as evidence to identify more necessary needs and problems for parents with disabilities in the spread of infectious diseases such as respiratory diseases and to provide more appropriate health care and welfare services in the future.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2009

Objectives : The goal of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of panic disorder respiratory subtype(PD-R) and non-respiratory subtype(PD-NR). Methods : 84 patients with panic disorder were enrolled and divided into 2 groups, 29 PD-R and 55 PD-NR. Diagnosis of panic disorder was evaluated using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders $4^{th}$ edition and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. They were also measured with Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAM-A), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D), and Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS). Results : PD-R group showed significantly higher scores in PDSS than those of PD-NR group(p=.027). After controlling for the severity of panic disorder and gender, PD-R group showed higher HAM-D and somatic anxiety subscale of HAM-A than those of PD-NR group. Furthermore, results of logistic regression analysis suggested that the somatic anxiety was a possible risk factor of PD-R(OR=1.404,p=0.009). Conclusion : These results suggest that somatic anxiety and depressive symptom would be important clinical characteristics of PD-R.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.69 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 2010

Background: Psychological factors are increasingly recognized for their influence on the course of asthma, on a worldwide basis. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of depression, anxiety, and asthma-related quality of life in patients with asthma and to evaluate their impact on severity and control of asthma. Methods: We assessed the severity of asthma by comparing patients' current medications to GINA guideline. The patients were classified into the controlled group (asthma patients with controlled disease) or into the uncontrolled group (asthma patients with uncontrolled disease), which included partly controlled and uncontrolled patients, again based on GINA guideline 2004. Patient-reported depressive symptoms, anxiety, and asthma-related quality of life were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Korean asthma quality of life (KAQLQ). Results: One hundred and twenty patients were enrolled (mean age, $55{\pm}1$ years; 65% women). Among the 120 patients, 14 (12%) patients were classified as having mild asthma, 88 (73%) as having moderate asthma, and 18 (15%) as having severe asthma. Eighty-one (67%) of the 120 patients were controlled. The asthma-related quality of life showed the difference according to severity of asthma (p=0.002). The prevalence of depression was lower (10% vs 26%, p=0.024) and the asthma-related quality of life was higher (59.951 (29~75) vs 35.103 (18~72), $p{\leq}0.001$) in the controlled group. Higher trait anxiety score and lower asthma-related quality of life were associated with depression (p<0.001, p=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, are strongly associated with asthma control. Therefore, screening and management of depression is needed in patients with asthma.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2020

Nitrox diving was introduced by the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) to increase the oxygen content and lower the nitrogen content in respiratory gases. The commercial diving sector specializing in underwater operations has recently introduced regulations on the use of Nitrox. Because the respiratory gas for Nitrox diving has a lower nitrogen content than the normal air, the amount of nitrogen dissolved in the body is small, which not only significantly reduces the decompression time compared to air diving, but also reduces the chance of exposure to decompression sickness. In this study, we applied the VPM (Varying Permeability Model) algorithm to virtual diving with air and Nitrox as a respiratory gas, respectively, to study the optimal Nitrox diving for the safety at the underwater works. The results showed that Nitrox diving had a longer NDL (No-Decompression Limit), a much shorter depression time. In other words, Nitrox diving in underwater works is safer from decompression sickness than commonly used air diving.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2014

Dexmedetomidine, an imidazoline compound, is a highly selective ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor agonist with sympatholytic, sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties. In order to minimize the patients' pain and anxiety during minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) when compared to conventional surgery under general anesthesia, an adequate conscious sedation (CS) or monitored anesthetic care (MAC) should be provided. Commonly used intravenous sedatives and hypnotics, such as midazolam and propofol, are not suitable for operations in a prone position due to undesired respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects. The great merit of dexmedetomidine for CS or MAC is the ability of the operator to recognize nerve damage during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, a representative MISS. However, there are 2 shortcomings for dexmedetomidine in MISS: hypotension/bradycardia and delayed emergence. Its hypotension/bradycardiac effects can be prevented by ketamine intraoperatively. Using atipamezole (an ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor antagonist) might allow doctors to control the rate of recovery from procedural sedation in the future. MAC, with other analgesics such as ketorolac and opioids, creates ideal conditions for MISS. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine provides a favorable surgical condition in patients receiving MISS in a prone position due to its unique properties of conscious sedation followed by unconscious hypnosis with analgesia. However, no respiratory depression occurs based on the dexmedetomidine-related endogenous sleep pathways involves the inhibition of the locus coeruleus in the pons, which facilitates VLPO firing in the anterior hypothalamus.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 1991

In order to evaluate health status of dental technicians as an individual and a group, this study was conducted with Todai Health Index Questionaire on randomly sampled 277 persons(236 males and 41 females) from Aug. 20 to Oct. 6, in 1990 obtained Following conclusions were drawn. 1. Age composition of the subjects was 136 males(57.6%) in the age of 20$\sim$29 and 28 females(68.3%) in the age of 20$\sim$24. As for working places, 215 males(91.1%) and 38 females (92.7%) were working for dental laboratories and rest of them were at clinics and hospitals. In working years, male technicians who have been working for 5$\sim$10 years amounted to 80 (33.8%) and 12 females(29.3%) were working for 1$\sim$3years. 2. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints rated as the highest in multiple subjective symptom(males : 40.00%, females : 41.98%) and those in physical items and mental irritability(male : 24%, female : 25%) and in mental items came next in order. The rate of complaint in depression was higher in female group than in male group (p<0.05). 3. Resonses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints in male group were high in the age of 20$\sim$29 and in the age of 20$\sim$24 in female group. The rates of complaint were higher in multiple subjective symptom, respiratory, eye and skin(p<0.05) and digestives(p<0.01) complaints. 4. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints were higher among persons working at dental laboratories than at other working places : dental clinics and hospitals in all the items except for respiratory, depression and aggressiveness. Rates of complaints in eye and skin showed significant difference between working places(p<0.05). 5. Those who are engaged in polishing part tended to complain more about psychosomatic subjective symptoms. 6. The higher the level of education is the more they complained the psychosomatic subjective symptoms both in male and female group. In the difference of complaint respones, male group showed high rates of complaint in depression and female group in aggressiveness(p<0.05). 7. Responses to psychosomatic complaints by the length of working service were moderate in males who were working less than 10 years, and they decreased after 10 years of service. Females showed the highest response rate in the group of 3$\sim$5 years service and the lowest response in the group of 5 years service. Male complained more in aggressiveness and female in respiratory and aggressiveness(p<0.05). 8. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaint varied according to working hours of a day both in male and female group, showing high complaint rates in multiple subjective symptom, respiratory, eye and skin, mouth and anus, digestive, mental irritability and irregular life in male group(p<0.05).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.144-150
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• 2003

Back pains include pain in one or both side costa portion and lateral abdomen. There are different kinds of flank-related disease such as intercostal nerve pain, chronic gastritis, duodenitis, herpes zoster, pepticulcer, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis and so on. Back pain arises from pathological abnormal activities. On the other hand psychogenic pains are caused by psychogenic factors without pathological abnormal activities. This is similar to KiWol back pain, which resulted from psychogenic factors like stress, anxiety, anger and etc. In oriental medicine, KiWol is the state of depression of Ki, and Shihosogansan used to treat the back pain diagnosed as stagnation of the liver Ki. So, we decided to apply Shihosogansan to a patient who suffered from back pain diagnosed as stagnation of the liver Ki. Therefore the patient treated with Shihosogansan and improved in consciousness symptoms, so we report it for the better treatment.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2016

Programs provided by the Korea Association of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation include Basic Life Support (BLS), Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), and Korean Advanced Life Support (KALS). However, programs pertinent to dental care are lacking. Since 2015, related organizations have been attempting to develop a Dental Advanced Life Support (DALS) program, which can meet the needs of the dental environment. Generally, for initial management of emergency situations, basic life support is most important. However, emergencies in young children mostly involve breathing. Therefore, physicians who treat pediatric dental patients should learn PALS. It is necessary for the physician to regularly renew training every two years to be able to immediately implement professional skills in emergency situations. In order to manage emergency situations in the pediatric dental clinic, respiratory support is most important. Therefore, mastering professional PALS, which includes respiratory care and core cases, particularly upper airway obstruction and respiratory depression caused by a respiratory control problem, would be highly desirable for a physician who treats pediatric dental patients. Regular training and renewal training every two years is absolutely necessary to be able to immediately implement professional skills in emergency situations.