• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.2736-2750
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• 2022

As demands for the maritime communications increase, a variety of functions and information are required to exchange via elements of maritime systems, which leads communication traffic increases in maritime frequency bands, especially in VHF (Very High Frequency) band. Thus, effective resource management is crucial to the future maritime communication systems not only to the typical terrestrial communication systems. VHF data exchange system (VDES) enables to utilize more flexible configuration according to the communication condition. This paper focuses on the VDES communication system among VDES terminals such as shore stations, ship stations and aids to navigation (AtoN) to address efficient resource allocation. We propose a resource management method considering a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technique in VDES, which has been widely used for modern terrestrial wireless networks but not for marine environments by scheduling the essential communication resources. We introduce the general channel model in marine environment and give two metrics, spectral and the energy efficiencies to examine our resource scheduling algorithm. Based on the simulation results and analysis, the proposed method provides a possibility to enhance spectral and energy efficiencies. Additionally, we present a trade-off relationship between spectral and energy efficiencies. Furthermore, we examine the resource efficiencies related to the imperfect channel estimation.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2022

The study investigated the challenges of recruitment and selection process of librarians in federal university libraries in South-South, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey. The population of the study consists of 108 librarians. 95 copies of the questionnaire were filled and returned. The questionnaire was used in collecting data. The overall reliability of the instrument yielded 0.95 with the use of Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. Standard deviation and mean was used to generate the data that was gathered. The rating scale of 4 points was subjected to an estimation procedure using SPSS version 17.0. A mean score of 2.5 and above on any item was accepted. The findings revealed that the librarians identified the challenges to include ethnicity influence; favouritisms; recruitment based on godfatherism; dwindling budgetary allocation. The librarians also identified some of the strategies to include performance at interview as benchmark; equity and fairness as benchmark; recruitment should be done according to relevant discipline; and having channels for reporting cases of corruption during recruitment. Based on the above findings the study recommended among others that recruitment and selection of qualified librarians should be done according to the laid down procedures.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2023

With the increased interest in renewable energy, various hydrogen production technologies have been developed. Hydrogen production can be classified into green, blue, gray, and pink hydrogen depending on the production method; each method has different technical performance, costs, and CO₂ emission characteristics. Hence, selecting the technology priorities that meet the company strategy is essential to develop technologically and economically feasible projects and achieve the national carbon neutrality targets. In addition, in early development technologies, analyzing the technology investment priorities based on the company's strategy and establishing investment decisions such as budget and human resources allocation is important. This study proposes a method of selecting priorities for various hydrogen production technologies as a specific implementation plan to achieve the national carbon neutrality goal. In particular, we analyze key performance indicators for technology, economic feasibility, and environmental performance by various candidate technologies and suggest ways to score them. As a result of the analysis using the aforementioned method, the priority of steam methane reforming (SMR) technology combined with carbon capture & storage (CCS) was established to be high in terms of achieving the national carbon neutrality goal.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.896-915
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• 2023

The network function virtualization (NFV) uses virtualization technology to separate software from hardware. One of the most important challenges of NFV is the resource management of virtual network functions (VNFs). According to the dynamic nature of NFV, the resource allocation of VNFs must be changed to adapt to the variations of incoming network traffic. However, the significant delay may be happened because of the reallocation of resources. In order to balance the performance between delay and quality of service, this paper firstly made a compromise between VNF migration and energy consumption. Then, the long short-term memory (LSTM) was utilized to forecast network traffic. Also, the asymmetric loss function for LSTM (LO-LSTM) was proposed to increase the predicted value to a certain extent. Finally, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of LO-LSTM. The results demonstrated that the proposed LO-LSTM can not only reduce migration times, but also make the energy consumption increment within an acceptable range.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2023

Various carbon upcycling technologies have been proposed and are under development to achieve Korea's carbon neutrality target. Many chemical reactions are under development through various chemical reaction pathways, and different technological maturity levels are shown for each country and company. In this situation, it is essential to establish investment decisions such as research funds and human resources allocation through technological and economic analysis for close commercialization technologies and basic technologies with low technology readiness levels (TRL). Therefore, in this study, the technology development priority for developing carbon upcycling items was selected according to the domestic Carbon Capture & Utilization (CCU) technology roadmap using the stakeholder selection tool released by EU CarbonNext. As a result of the analysis, the TRL level of Korea's major carbon upcycling technologies was analyzed to be lower than that of other carbon resource technologies, and it was considered desirable to invest in mineral carbonization technologies among various candidate technologies.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-4
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• 2018

Purpose - This research, based on the successful experience of Korea, especially of Korea government, which, though promulgating laws and making policies, plays an rather pivotal role in Korea cultural industry development process, in developing cultural industry, explores possibly successful path and pattern that is suitable for China cultural industry. Research design, data, and Methodology - The study conducted a survey on Korea's 2000-2011 year data. After empirically analyzing the data, we believe that cultural industry in Korea and China will maintain its growth momentum. Results - This study shows that China and Korea are both belong to the only cultural circle of Confucianism and Chinese character, therefore, to research the successful experience of Korea government in cultural industry development will do much good to better promoting the optimal development of China cultural industry. China can encourage private flow to take on enterprises. In terms of financing, diversification can be achieved, by the means of cash, land, intangible assets, technology, stock, bond, cultural lottery etc. Conclusions - Besides, to better the degree of the internationalization of the allocation of the cultural resources, China government can, under the condition that Chinese laws permit, encourage foreign capital to invest in Chinese cultural industry field.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.551-556
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• 2023

The study is to analyze the success strategies of the Cooperative Integrated Arts Activities in Seoul and to explore ways to implement it to the local public school. According to research, Cooperative Integrated Arts Activities fulfill the purpose of providing universal arts education by being implemented in the school curriculum. They are also characterized by active administrative and financial support and interactive participatory arts education with assured diversity. Therefore, when applying to a local public school, it is necessary to consider factors such as active administrative support, sustainable allocation of human and material resources, customized arts education that engages the all students and reflects their unique characteristics, social distribution through sharing, and continuous monitoring.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.196-203
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• 2022

The resource constrained scheduling problem (RCSP) constitutes one of the most challenging problems in Project Management, as it combines multiple parameters, contradicting objectives (project completion within certain deadlines, resource allocation within resource availability margins and with reduced fluctuations), strict constraints (precedence constraints between activities), while its complexity grows with the increase in the number of activities being executed. Due to the large solution space size, this work investigates the application of Genetic Algorithms to approximate the optimal resource alolocation and obtain optimal trade-offs between different project goals. This analysis uses the cost of exceeding the daily resource availability, the cost from the day-by-day resource movement in and out of the site and the cost for using resources day-by-day, to form the objective cost function. The model is applied in different case studies: 1 project consisting of 10 activities, 4 repetitive projects consisting of 40 activities in total and 16 repetitive projects consisting of 160 activities in total, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm in different-size solution spaces and under alternative optimization criteria by examining the quality of the solution and the required computational time. The case studies 2 & 3 have been developed by building upon the recurrence of the unit/sub-project (10 activities), meaning that the initial problem is multiplied four and sixteen times respectively. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed model can efficiently provide reliable solutions with respect to the individual goals assigned in every case study regardless of the project scale.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.615-626
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• 2023

Under limited transmission conditions, many factors affect the efficiency of video transmission. During the flight of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), frequent network switching often occurs, and the channel transmission condition changes rapidly, resulting in low-video transmission efficiency. This paper presents an efficient video coding flow for UAVs working in the 5G nonstandalone network and proposes two bit controllers, including time and spatial bit controllers, in the flow. When the environment fluctuates significantly, the time bit controller adjusts the depth of the recursive codec to reduce the error propagation caused by excessive network inference. The spatial bit controller combines the spatial bit mask with the channel quality multiplier to adjust the bit allocation in space to allocate resources better and improve the efficiency of information carrying. In the spatial bit controller, a flexible mini graph is proposed to compute the channel quality multiplier. In this study, two bit controllers with end-to-end codec were combined, thereby constructing an efficient video coding flow. Many experiments have been performed in various environments. Concerning the multi-scale structural similarity index and peak signal-to-noise ratio, the performance of the coding flow is close to that of H.265 in the low bits per pixel area. With an increase in bits per pixel, the saturation bottleneck of the coding flow is at the same level as that of H.264.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.185-195
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze changes of child welfare policies and provide insights based on the collection and classification of newspaper articles. Methods: Articles related to child welfare policies were collected from 1990, during the Kim, Young-sam administration, to May 9, 2022, under the Moon, Jae-in administration. K-Means clustering and keyword Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency analysis were utilized to cluster and analyze newspaper articles with similar themes. Results: The administrations of Kim, Young-sam, Kim, Dae-jung, Roh, Moo-hyun, and Park, Geun-hye were classified into two clusters, and the Lee, Myung-bak and Moon, Jae-in administrations were classified into three clusters. Conclusion: South Korea's child welfare policies have focused on ensuring the safety and healthy development of children through diverse policies initiatives over the years. However, challenges related to child protection and child abuse persist. This requires additional resources and budget allocation. It is important to establish a comprehensive support system for children and families, including comprehensive nursing support.