• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.487-513
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• 2003

Currently, development of environmental index has been an increasingly important issue to achieve sustainable development, providing critical information to policy-makers. In particular, marine environmental composite index for Korea is widely required to establish. This paper constructs a marine environmental composite index using the OECD pressure-state-response (PSR) framework and employing multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT). The PSR framework links human activities as a pressure to environmental state and policy response. Weights are calculated by the MAUT technique. The paper provides annual pressure, state, response indices, and state index by sea area from 1991 to 2001 in Korea. The implications of the results and application plan of the index are also discussed.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.77-105
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• 2023

This paper investigates the management stability of KOSPI-listed energy public enterprises from the perspective of median voter theory. We analyze the profitability and stability of five energy public enterprises during the period 2011~2022, and conduct an empirical analysis to determine whether they are related to the preferences of median voters who can represent the general public. Our analysis of the profitability and stability of the energy public enterprises shows that the stability of their has been deteriorating in recent years. The results of the empirical analysis also show that the management stability of the energy public enterprises is related to the preference of median voter. Specifically, they indicate that when the median voter's income is smaller than the average income, the profitability of the utility decreases and the debt ratio increases. This paper suggests that from the median voter's point of view, excessive utility and energy bills may strengthen the incentives for governments and politicians to suppress rate increases, leading to lower profitability and higher debt for public enterprises.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-61
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• 2022

Despite of the consensus on the critical role of CEO and slack resources for strategic decision making, how they affect in the selection of strategic alliance type is limited. This study investigated the effect of CEO's experiential attributes and the venture firms' slack resource on the selection of strategic alliance type. To this end, this study used multi-variate logistic regression analysis with 1,813 Korean venture firms. The findings indicated that higher education level and large firm experience of CEO positively contributed to form an explorative alliance. And these two experiential attributes has negative effects on the probability of exploitative alliance formation. On the other hand, the entrepreneurial experience has no effect on the selection of strategic alliance type. This study also investigated the effect of slack resource - available slack, recoverable slack, and potential slack-. The more venture firms have available and potential slack, the higher probability of pursuing an explorative alliance. In addition, recoverable slack of venture firms has negative effect only on the selection of explorative alliance. The results of this study are expected to contribute the literatures of strategic management and venture firms by illustrating which CEO and firm-level factors affect the selection of strategic alliance type. This study also extends recent effort to better understand the selection of strategic alliance type with upper echelons theory and slack resource. And this study suggests implications that can increase the probability of successful decision making by venture firms in selection of strategic alliance type.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.246-251
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• 2013

In this paper, it is proposed a bandwidth allocation Scheme based on Bankruptcy theory in Distributed Mobile Multimedia Network. The proposed scheme is guaranteed a minimum allocation. So, the minimum quality of each service are guaranteed. Therefore efficient and fairness network can be configured. The performance evaluation results indicate that the proposed scheme has good performance than other existing schemes by the fairness index and the Erlang blocking formular calculation. The minimum bandwidth of the proposed scheme can be applied to other techniques of a priority based bandwidth allocation scheme and dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.79-98
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• 2020

The majority of research on institutional theory suggests that the new institutional practices presented by national governments and expert groups is a legitimate demand by society, and that the organization is a passive actor that accepts it. However, individual organizations often perform so-called decoupling acts that run their organizations in their own way instead of following the way the system requires, despite the pressures of a strong institutional environment. In this study, the decoupling behavior of these organizations can be varied by the characteristics of the highest decision maker in the organization based on the upper-echelon theory(UET) even if there is no difference in pressure experienced by individual organizations, and their relationship is empirically analyzed among secondary educational institutions that are relatively strongly regulated by the government. According to the analysis of 192 high schools in Korea, the female principal, the younger the principal, and the higher the educational background, the more likely they are to engage in decoupling behavior that are different from the intent and content of government policies. Therefore, from the results of this study, meaningful theoretical and practical implications can be provided for researchers and managers in the field of knowledge management research.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-118
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• 1996

Information systems quality engineering is one of the most problematic areas in practice and research, and needs cooperative efforts between practice and theory [Glass, 1996]. A model for evaluating the quality of system development process and ensuing success is proposed based on information processing theory of project unit design. A nomological net among a set of quality variables is identified from prior research in the areas of organization science, software engineering, and management information systems. More specifically, system development success was modelled as a function of project complexity, system development modelling environment, user participation, project unit structure, resource availability, and the level of iterative nature of development methodology. Based on the model developed from the information processing theory of project unit design in organization science. appropriate quality metrics for each variable in the proposed model are matched. In this way, a framework of relevant systems development and success quality metrics for controlling systems development processes and ensuing success is proposed. The causal relationships among the constructs in the proposed model are proposed as future empirical research for academicians and as managerial tools for quality managers. The framework and propositions help quality manager to select more parsimonious quality metrics for controlling information systems development processes and project success in an integrated way. Also this model can be utilized for evaluating software quality assurance programmes, which are developed and marketed by many vendors.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.44-57
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• 2015

In recent years, for the purpose of solving the problem regarding environment protection and resource saving, certain measures and policies have been promoted to establish a reverse supply chains (RSCs) with material flows from collection of used products to reuse the recycled parts in production of products. It is necessary to analyze behaviors of RSC members to determine the optimal operation. This paper discusses a RSC with a retailer and a manufacturer and verifies the behavior strategies of RSC members which may change over time in response to changes parameters related to the recycling promotion activity in RSC. A retailer takes two behaviors: cooperation/non-cooperation in recycling promotion activity. A manufacturer takes two behaviors: monitoring/non-monitoring of behaviors of the retailer. Evolutionary game theory combining the evolutionary theory of Darwin with game theory is adopted to clarify analytically evolutionary outcomes driven by a change in each behavior of RSC members over time. The evolutionary stable strategies (ESSs) for RSC members' behaviors are derived by using the replicator dynamics. The analysis numerically demonstrates how parameters of the recycling promotion activity: (i) sale promotion cost, (ii) monitoring cost, (iii) compensation and (iv) penalty cost affect the judgment of ESSs of behaviors of RSC members.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

This research aims to investigate the application of Keynes's theory in Indonesia, particularly in solving unemployment and poverty problems through government spending, economic growth, and human resource capacity. The basic concepts of the Keynesian theory were used as a method, through which government spending was harnessed toward economic growth in reducing unemployment and poverty rate. The analytical materials used were panel data for the 2017-2021 period in Central Java, Indonesia. The analytical methodology used was a multiple regression experimental design in selecting the best model according to Keynes's theory, especially for overcoming formidable problems. The main results showed that large Government spending program is ineffective in encouraging pro-growth, pro-job, pro-poor, and pro-equity development policy strategies. The causes of this failure include the violation of Keynes' assumptions about rationality and the low quality of education investment, which do not encourage productive and innovative entrepreneurship, as well as self-employment opportunities. As a result, government spending, including subsidies and direct financial assistance, used to implement the macroeconomic monetary, unstructured, and fiscal policy system is insufficient to significantly reduce the enormous difficulties. The main research results confirm that human capital capacity is the key to mitigating and reducing unemployment and poverty.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.605-616
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• 2021

Objectively, the purpose of this study aims to re-confirm and analyze the relationship between variables through direct relationships and mediation (i.e., career optimism (CO), organizational fairness (OF), organizational entrepreneurship commitment (OEC) on employee engagement). This study also addresses whether career optimism provides a strong-impact if it mediates other antecedent variables on employee engagement. Therefore, to test and prove this, we made observations on 200 samples comprising lecturers in Indonesia. The data collection method uses a survey both offline and online. Through the PLS-SEM approach, the statistical testing demonstration states that all hypotheses, either through direct relationship or mediation, are proven to have a positive and significant effect. Career optimism has also proven to be a substantial and positive contribution to testing employee engagement as a mediating variable. The results of seven hypothesis testing in our study confirm that the broaden-built theory and organizational theory are closely related. Therefore, this study positively contributes to human resource management's science to balance the psychological and organizational aspects. In this study, we also add that consistency and a positive attitude in a career trigger a person's career optimization in a better and more positive direction, especially for career-path and employee engagement.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.172-180
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• 2024

Since the beginning of 2015, corporate social responsibility (CSR) models have been changing in connection with the trend towards the transition of joint value creation of corporate activities and consideration of stakeholders' interests. The purpose of the academic paper lies in empirically studying the current practice of social responsibility of transnational corporations (TNCs). The research methodology has combined the method of qualitative analysis, the method of cases of agricultural holdings in emerging markets within the framework of resource theory, institutional theory and stakeholders' theory. The results show that the practice of CSR is integrated into the strategy of sustainable development of TNCs, which determine the methods, techniques and forms of communication, as well as areas of stakeholders' responsibility. The internal practice of CSR is aimed at developing norms and standards of moral behaviour with stakeholders in order to maximize economic and social goals. Economic goals are focused not only on making a profit, but also on minimizing costs due to the potential risks of corruption, fraud, conflict of interest. The system of corporate social responsibility of modern TNCs is clearly regulated by internal documents that define the list of interested parties and stakeholders, their areas of responsibility, greatly simplifying the processes of cooperation and responsibility. As a result, corporations form their own internal institutional environment. Ethical norms help to avoid the risks of opportunistic behaviour of personnel, conflicts of interest, cases of bribery, corruption, and fraud. The theoretical value of the research lies in supplementing the theory of CSR in the context of the importance of a complex, systematic approach to integrating the theory of resources, institutional theory, theory of stakeholders in the development of strategies for sustainable development of TNCs, the practice of corporate governance and social responsibility.