• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.139-143
• /
• 2001

Ring-stiffened cylinders are widely used as the pressure hull of submarines and underwater vehicles. For large ring-stiffened cylinders cylindrical shells are fbricated by cold rolling of flat plates and then welding of curved shells. After forming cylinders ring-stiffeners are welded on th the cylinders. Due to these cold roiling and welding initial shape imperfections and residual stresses exists in fabricated ring-stiffened cylinders. It is well known that the initial shape and material imperfections affect the ultimate strength of ring-stiffened cylinders significantly. In this paper previous researches on the effects of initial shape imperfections and residual stresses are briefly reviewed Recently a numerical analysis computer program was developed to predict the ultimate strength of ring-stiffened cylinders subjected to hydrostatic pressure, which is based on the Dynamic Relaxation technique. This program was employed to numerically investigate those effects. The numerical predictions were substantiated with relevant experimental results.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.221-225
• /
• 2015

In-situ neutron diffraction has been employed to examine the effect of strain path on lattice strain evolution during monotonic and cyclic tension in an extruded Mg-8.5wt.%Al alloy. In the cyclic tension test, the maximum applied stress increased with cycle number. Lattice strain data were acquired for three grain orientations, characterized by the plane normal to the stress axis. The lattice strain in the hard {10.0} orientation, which is unfavorably oriented for both basal slip and {10.2} extension twinning, evolved linearly throughout both tests during loading and unloading. The {00.2} orientation exhibited significant relaxation associated with {10.2} extension twinning. Coupled with a linear lattice strain unloading behavior, this relaxation led to increasingly compressive residual strains in the {00.2} orientation with increasing cycle number. The {10.1} orientation is favorably oriented for basal slip, and thus showed a soft grain behavior. Microyielding occurred in the monotonic tension test and in all cycles of the cyclic test at an applied stress of ~50 MPa, indicating that strain hardening in this orientation was not completely stable from one cycle to the next. The lattice strain unloading behavior was linear in the {10.1} orientation, leading to a compressive residual strain after every cycle, which, however, did not increase systematically from one cycle to the next as in the {00.2} orientation.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소성가공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.106-111
• /
• 2000

The residual stresses in molded plastic parts can be divided into the flow induced residual stresses produced in flowing stages and the thermally induced residual stresses produced in cooling state. Reducing residual stresses in the final parts is one of the goals in recent study. The present study focused on comparing the predicted values for thermal residual stresses in freely and constrained quenched plastic plates with and without free volume theory. As a result the final residual stresses showed the opposite pattern in thickness direction. furthermore by applying free volume theory the predicted residual stress at the center showed about 50% of the values without free volume theory for constrained quenched case.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2008

벤조시클로부텐(benzocyclobutene; BCB)과 플라즈마 화학기상증착(PECVD)된 산화규소막이 코팅된 웨이퍼들 사이의 계면에서, 고온 열순환 공정에 의한 잔류응력 및 본딩 결합력의 효과를 4점 굽힙시험법과 웨이퍼 곡률 측정법에 의해 평가하였다. 이를 위해 웨이퍼들은 사전에 확립된 표준 본딩공정에 의거하여 본딩하였으며 이들 웨이퍼에 대한 열순환 공정은 상온으로부터 최대 순환온도 사이에서 수행하였다. 최대 온도 350 및 $400^{\circ}C$에서 수행한 열순환 공정에서, 본딩 결합력은 첫번째 순환공정 동안 크게 증가하는 데, 이는 순환공정 시 발생하는 산화규소막의 축합 반응에 의한 잔류응력 감소 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 산화규소막의 잔류응력이 감소함에 따라 BCB와 산화규소막으로 구성된 다층막의 잔류응력에 의해 변형되는 에너지는 상승하였고 따라서 BCB와 산화규소막 사이 다층막의 의 본딩 결합력은 증가하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 1993

Recently, several high-tensile steels(e.g. 80kg and above, $2^{1/4}Cr$-1Mo)having good quality to high temperature and pressure-resistance are widely used to construct petroleum-plant and pressure vessel of heat or nuclear-power plant. However, in the steels, reheating crack at grain boundaries of the heat affected zone(HAZ) occures during post welding heat treatment(PWHT)to remove welding residual stress. In order to study theoretically the characteristics of reheating crack created by PWHT, the computer program of three-dimensional thermal-elasto-plasto-creep analysis based on finite element method are developed, and then the mechanical behavior(history of creep strain accumulation and stress relaxation, etc)of welded join in thick plate during PWTH is clarified by the numerical results.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.1096-1097
• /
• 2005

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.42-50
• /
• 2006

To evaluate the fatigue lifetime of structures, it is necessary to identify the values of parameters through tests. From the viewpoint of time and cost it is difficult for engineers to get the necessary data through tests. In this study, we surveyed literature and proposed a procedure to identify the fatigue parameters expressed with the Brinell hardness and elastic modulus. After obtaining stress concentration factors by finite element analysis, we calculated fatigue notch factors using Peterson's formula. Taking into account the welding residual stress, which was also obtained by finite element analysis, we evaluated the fatigue lifetime of four kinds of welded joints using the proposed approach. The estimated results are in a good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제31권10호
• /
• pp.73-78
• /
• 2003

항공우주 분야의 MEMS 기술의 중요성은 경량화 및 높은 분해능 등의 목적아래 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 MEMS 기기의 제작에 있어 박막 물성의 조사 및 개선 방안은 중요한 논점이 되고 있으며, 박막의 잔류응력은 MEMS 기기 제작 및 구동에 있어 해결해야 할 중요한 문제점으로 남았있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 MEMS 기기의 구조제로 많이 쓰이는 LPCVD 다결정 실리콘에 He+, Ar+ 이온을 주입함으로써 응력 구배를 완화하였다. 또한 Nano-indenter를 이용한 CSM 방법을 사용하여, 다결정 실리콘의 탄성계수와 경도를 압입 깊이에 따라 측정하였다. 그 결과, 이온 주입에 의한 결정성의 변화가 탄성계수와 경도를 감소시키지만, 이온 농도가 증가함에 따라 탄성계수와 경도가 증가하는 현상을 관찰하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제35권7호
• /
• pp.717-722
• /
• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 Al6061 의 T6 열처리 시 발생되는 잔류응력의 변화를 예측하는 것이다. Al6061-T6 의 일반적인 열처리 조건인 용체화처리($530^{\circ}C$, 2hr)와 인공시효($175^{\circ}C$, 9hr)에서 인공시효 시간에 따라 잔류응력 변화를 고려하였다. 잔류응력 예측은 열처리 실험을 수행하여 대류 열전달계수를 확보하고, 탄소성 모델로 가정한 유한요소해석을 적용하였다. 또한 인공시효와 같이 재료가 고온에서 장시간 유지되는 경우의 Zener-Wert-Avrami 함수를 적용하여 잔류응력 변화를 확인하였다. 잔류응력의 측정은 X 선 회절법으로 측정하고 측정결과는 예측된 유한요소해석 결과와 비교하여 해석의 신뢰성을 확보하고 해석기법을 확립하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.149-155
• /
• 2011

Residual stress relief by pulse magnetic treatment is attractive because the process is carried out at room temperature and magnetic fields that are easy to produce and control can be used. This study shows that strong pulse magnetic treatment can lead to stress relaxation of structural steels instead of a conventional heat treatment process. And it makes a comparative study about pulse magnetic treatment and tempering by using Larson-Miller equation. When the specimen was subjected to a pulse magnetic treatment process the residual stress in the specimen was reduced by about 13.8%. It could be compared with tempering at $200^{\circ}C$ for 2hours by using thermal effect of Larson-Miller equation. As a result, it is considered that the pulsed magnetic treatment have an effect of the stress relation by tempering at $200^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours.