• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2004

The study was carried out to investigate the pesticide residual characteristics in peaches, pear and grape. Pesticide residue patterns were remarkably different because of major factors affecting the pesticide residue patterns such as ratios of surface to weight, surface matrices, cultivations, sizes, increase rate of weight, and varieties of fruits, etc.. Pesticide residue levels in grape appeared higher than those in peaches and pear, because the pesticide solution sprayed was infiltrated and accumulated between grape granules. The matrices composing of fruit surface and the ratios of surface area to weight on fruits seemed to playa key role for determining the pesticide residual characteristics in fruits.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.156-164
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• 2018

Pesticide application in agriculture provides significant benefits such as protection from disease, prevention of harmful insects, and increased crop yields. However, accurate toxicological tests and risk assessments are necessary because of many related adverse effects associated with pesticide use. In this review, we discuss and analyze residual pesticides contained in livestock feed in Korea. A pesticide residue tolerance standard for livestock feed has not been precisely established; so, risk assessments are required to ensure safety. Standards and approaches for animal criteria and appropriate methods for evaluating residual pesticides are discussed and analyzed based on technology related to animal product safety in Korea. The safety of livestock feed containing pesticides is assessed to establish maximum residue limits relative to pesticides. Analysis of residual pesticides in milk, muscle, brain, and fat was performed with a livestock residue test and safety evaluation of the detected pesticide was performed. Efficacy of organic solvent extraction and clean-up of feed was verified, and suitability of the instrument was examined to establish if they are effective, rapid, and safe. This review discussed extensively how pesticide residue tolerance in livestock feed and hazard evaluation may be applied in future studies.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2004

Pesticide contaminants content was determined about both general vegetables marketed at Garak-dong market and organic vegetables cultivated at Hongchun, Kangwon-do. The vegetables were kale, Angelica Keiskei Koidz, celery, lettuce and Allium fistulosum. Pesticide contaminants content of 5 kinds general vegetables were 93.5, 57.7, 112.4, 76.5, 65.2 ppm, respectively. This residual levels were showed 75.35, 70.68, 78.49, 70.49％ about standard level, respectively. Angelica Keiskei Koidz was not able to calculate the residual level because the standard level was not established in Korea. In contrast, the residual levels of organic vegetables were determined 36.4, 21.0, 42.9, 29.1, 25.1ppm, respectively. This level was about 30％ of standard level, 38.93, 36.40, 38.17, 38.04, 38.50％ of general vegetables. At the result, pesticide contaminants content of organic vegetables was less than 40％ of general vegetables.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.37-41
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• 2006

Objectives : This study has been conducted to investigate the amount of residual pesticide in herbal medicine of Osterici Radix which are purchased on Kwangju(Hanyaksarang). Methods : In order to analyze many pesticides in Osterici Radix, simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC-ECD/NFD was used. Results : But the amount of residual pesticide in Osterici Radix, simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC-ECD/NFD was used. Conclusion : These results indicate that Osterici Radix in current has safety. In future, it is considered the results of this study will be furnished the basis to succeeding studies and it is needed to extensive comparative study for the same genus-degree of relatedness.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.763-771
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• 2000

The 88 kinds of pesticide residues were analyzed in 12 kinds(289 samples) of fruits and vegetables brought at department store & mart in Kwangju from Feburary to September in 1999. The detection rate of pesticide residue in 12 kinds(289 samples) of fruits and vegetables was 21.1%, and the rate exceeds standard was 5.2%. The order of highly exceed rate in fruits and vegetables were perilla leaf, lettuce, spinach and chickery. The order of pesticide which founded frequently in fruits and vegetables were procymidone, endosulfan, vinclozoline, chlorpyrifos, cyprermethrin, pirimiphos-M, fenvalerate, fenarimol, and monocrotophos. And that of pesticide which exceed highly standard were procymidone, vinclozolin, endosulfan, pirimiphos-M, fenarimol, monocrotophos, etc. Eight different washing methods were compared for removal efficiencies of residual pesticides(procymidone, vinclozoline) on the perilla leap, the lettuce, the spinach, the strawberry, and the minitomato. Residual pesticides such as procymidone and vinclozoline were removed most efficiently by ultrasonic washing.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 1997

Usage and residue of pesticide were sureyed for five years from three golf courses which have morethan eighteenholes inKangwon-do from 1992 to 1996. A total of 186 samples(soils, lawns, effluents) were collected from these courses and residual levels of four kinds of organochlorines and twelve kinds of organophosphorus pesticides in each samples were determined by GC-ECD and GC-NPD. The amount of pesticide used in each golf course was 1, 635.6kg a year on the average, and that of pesticide to the green and the fairway were 33g/$\textrm{m}^2$ and 3g/$\textrm{m}^2$, respectively. The pesticide which was not permitted for the management of golf course was detected in 24 of 186 samples and its detection rate was 12.9%. The average pesticide residue in soils was 0.208 ppm for captan, 0.031 ppm for daconil, respectively. Detection rate of the prohibited pesticides has decreased every year since 1992, and there were no residues all the tested samples in 1996.Based on these results, it might be judged investigation methods of pesticide residue should be changed with current using pesticide from the prohibited pesticides and the criteria of residual pesticides in effluents of golf course also should be established.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is the establishment of scientific processes for making food safety policies. Thus, we investigated pesticide residue level of the agricultural commodities from market, and performed risk assessment. Fifteen agricultural items are chosen based on the frequency of Korean consumption. The samples were collected from 9 cities where populations are more than one million. Total 283 active ingredients were monitoring ( total sample number =232). Single-analysis of target pesticides was for three kinds of possible growth regulators and the multicomponent analysis was for 280 kinds of pesticides, a total of 283 species were selected to perform the pesticide residues. Before monitoring the analytes, the improvements of the analytical methods were done by method validations under the CODEX analytical method development guidelines and can produce metrics that represent the international standards applied in accordance with the guidelines. In addition to residual pesticides detected during monitoring we compare the ADI to EDI values using detected result and dietary consumption data which is extracted from annual market basket survey. The 163 samples were non-detected in the total 232 samples so it means that every agricultural commodity will residual pesticides-free in 70.3%. The detected residual pesticides showed for a total of 69 cases (29.7%). Two of samples violate Korean MRL (0.9%). The ratio of EDI compared to ADI resulted in only from 0.00087 to 0.902%. In result, we can assume that all detected residual pesticides are very safe level and current policies of Korean pesticides control may be working.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2023

Persistence and degradation patterns of acequinocyl and its metabolite, hydroxyl-acequinocyl (acequinocyl-OH) and fenpyroximate in butterburs (Petasites japonicus Max.) were investigated after pesticide application. Butterburs, one of the minor crops in South Korea, was planted in two plots (plot A for double and plot B for single application) in a greenhouse. Butterburs samples were also planted in a separate plot without pesticide treatment, as the control. A commercial pesticide containing acequinocyl and fenpyroximate was applied to the foliage of butterburs at hourly intervals after dilution. Recoveries of acequinocyl and acequinocyl-OH were 78.6-84.7% and 83.7-95.5%, respectively; the relative standard deviation of the two compounds were less than 5%. The method limit of quantification was 0.01 mg/kg. The total (Ʃ) acequinocyl residues in butterburs reduced by 96.0% at 14 days and 75.9% at 7 days, in plot A and B, respectively, after final pesticide applications. The biological half-life (DT₅₀) of Ʃ acequinocyl and fenpyroximate, calculated using the dissipation rate, was 3.0 days and 4.0 days, respectively. These data were used to set up maximum residue and safe standard levels when the pesticides are applied to control pests during butterbur cultivation. Risk assessment results showed that the maximum % acceptable daily intake was 7.74% for Ʃ acequinocyl and 0.16% for Ʃ fenpyroximate. The theoretical maximum daily intake of Ʃ acequinocyl and fenpyroximate was 26.3% and 35.8%, respectively. In conclusion, the concentrations of Ʃ acequinocyl and fenpyroximate in butterburs pose no significant health risks to Koreans.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2000

Photosensitizing activities of some selected photosensitizers (PS) on the artificial diminution of pesticide residues on red pepper were investigated. Red peppers were sprayed 4 times with the three fungicides, dithianon, triflumizole, and triforine, according to the conventional method, followed by the application of photosensitizers once. Recoveries for the analyses of the pesticide residues were high $(90.7{\sim}98.5%)$ except for dithianon $(76.6{\sim}78.3%)$. In case of dithianon, after 1 day of the application of PS-1 (10 ppm), the residual amount was 76% of that of the control. For triflumizole, the residual amount after 3 days of the application of PS-4 (50 ppm) accounted for 48% of that of the control. In case of triforine, the residual amount after 1 day of the application of PS-3 (100 ppm) was 55% of that of the control. The results indicated that the photosensitizing activities of photosensitizers varied with chemicals and the matrices where pesticide residues are remaining.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 1992

This study was carried out to determine residues of 17 pesticides and provide basic information on dietary safety of 35 kinds of Kangweon-do agricultural products. Residual leyels of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were analyzed by using GLC-ECO and GLC-NPD, respectively. A total of 157 agricultural products of Kangweon-do were analyzed. At least one kind of pesticide residues were detected in 48.4% of the analyzed samples and two or more kinds were found in 15.3%. Residue of Captan was detected in 43 samples of 81 agricultural products which was 53.1%. But residues of Endrin, Captafol, Parathion, Fenitrothion, Fenthion and EPN were not found in the all samples tested. Ranges of the pesticide residue leyels detected were ND-0.142 ppm for organochlorine pesticides, ND-0.075 ppm for organophosphorus pesticides and ND-1.067 ppm for Captan. Results of this monitoring study demonstrated that pesticide residue leyels in Kangweon-do agricultural supply were generally well below regulatory limits.