• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between knowledge and attitude about smoking of college student smokers. Methods: The data were collected from the 6th to 27th of April 2005, from 411 college student smokers in Jeollabuk-Do area. The collected data were analysed by using the SPSS WIN 11.0. Results: 1) The focus group showed mean $17.40{\pm}12.45$ in the knowledge about smoking. The knowledge about smoking was significantly different among general subject characteristics of age(F=4.84, p=.008), grade(t=2.96, p=.003), major(F=5.93, p=.001), and religion(t=2.96, p=.003). 2) The focus group showed mean $23.69{\pm}16.19$ in their attitude about smoking. The attitude about smoking was significantly different among general subject characteristics of age(F=8.15, p=.000), grade(t=-2.33, p=.020), major(F=8.35, p=.000), and residence(t=3.08, p=.010). 3) The correlations between knowledge and attitude about smoking were positively correlated(p<0.01). Conclusion: The subjects knowledge about smoking was correlated with their attitude about smoking. Therefore, we need to develop various differential smoking prevention programs and extend the role of experts.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 2008

Purpose: To investigate the relationships among self-esteem, depression and academic achievement in nursing college students. Method: The study subjects consisted of 350 nursing college students. The data were collected by self-administered questionnaire from September 3rd to 28th 2007. Results: 1) The mean scores self-esteem, depression, and academic achievement were 3.03 (on a 4-point scale), 4.00 (on a 7-point scale), and 87.33 (on a 100-point scores), respectively. 2) There were significant differences and impacts on self-esteem according to the economic state, character, attitude to parents, consideration of aptitude, satisfaction of school life and satisfaction of nursing. Depression differed significantly according to the economic state, residence type and satisfaction of school life. Academic achievement differed depending on the attitude to parents, consideration of aptitude and satisfaction of nursing. There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement, but a negative correlation between self-esteem and depression in nursing college students. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between self-esteem and academic achievement. Moreover, self-esteem can provide a basis for constructing further studies in intervention programs relating to the curriculum for nursing college students. Based on the above findings, programs are needed for the improvement of self-esteem and the reduction of depression, and further research is suggested on the development of such programs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.147-153
• /
• 2005

Objectives: Studies on the geographical differences in mortality tend to use a census population, rather than a registration population, as the denominator of mortality rates in South Korea. However, an administratively determined registration population would be the logical denominator, as the geographical areas for death certificates (numerator) have been determined by the administratively registered residence of the deceased, rather than the actual residence at the time of death. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the total number of a district population, and the associated district-specific mortality indicators, when two different measures as a population denominator (census and registration) were used. Methods: Population denominators were obtained from census and registration population data, and the numbers of deaths (numerators) were calculated from raw death certificate data. Sex- and 5-year age-specific numbers for the populations and deaths were used to compute sex- and age-standardized mortality rates (by direct standardization methods) and standardized mortality ratios (by indirect standardization methods). Bland-Altman tests were used to compare district populations and district-specific mortality indicators according to the two different population denominators. Results : In 1995, 9 of 232 (3.9%) districts were not included in the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the population differences. A total of 8 (3.4%) among 234 districts had large differences between their census and registration populations in 2000, which exceeded the 95% CI of the population differences. Most districts (13 of 17) exceeding the 95% CI were rural. The results of the sex- and age-standardized mortality rates showed 15 (6.5%) and 16 (6.8%) districts in 1995 and 2000, respectively, were not included in the 95% CI of the differences in their rates. In addition, the differences in the standardized mortality ratios using the two different population denominators were significantly greater among 14 districts in 1995 and 11 districts in 2002 than the 95% CI. Geographical variations in the mortality indicators, using a registration population, were greater than when using a census population. Conclusion: The use of census population denominators may provide biased geographical mortality indicators. The geographical mortality rates when using registration population denominators are logical, but do not necessarily represent the exact mortality rate of a certain district. The removal of districts with large differences between their census and registration populations or associated mortality indicators should be considered to monitor geographical mortality rates in South Korea.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study attempted to identify regional disparities of self-rated health among Korean wage workers and to investigate the influencing factors on them. Methods: The study subjects were 25,069 workers in 16 regions who were extracted from the 2014 Korean Working Condition Survey (KWCS). A multilevel analysis was conducted by building hierarchical data at individual and regional level. Results: In this study, 'financial autonomy rate' and 'current smoking rate' were identified as regional factors influencing the workers' self-rated health. When the socio-demographic and occupational factors of the workers were controlled, 'current smoking rate', a health policy factor, explained the regional disparity of workers' health status. Conclusion: We found that the health status of workers can be affected by the health behavior level of the whole population in their residential area. In order to improve the health status of working population and to alleviate their regional health inequalities, it is necessary to strengthen macro and structural level interventions.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1994

The kitchen utensils, a part of dietary life, are tableware and everything needed for cooking, storing foods, arranging and housekeeping. This study has been made on the classification in comparison with utility regarding both the shape and the quality of material. The classifications by the quality of material were ceramicware, woodenware, metalware and stoneware. he classifications by the utility were utensils for cooking, utensils for storing and keeping, utensils for arranging, utensils for grinding and utensils for special use. At the stage of migrating and gathering provisions they needed only simple utensils, but by cultivating, fixing their residence and producing crops they prepared and developed all sorts of kitchen utensils to serve various purposes, social rank, poverty and wealth, season and ceremony.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.216-222
• /
• 2003

In a simulated seawater aquaculture system, effects of different operating factors like the superficial air velocity (SAY), hydraulic residence time (HRT), protein concentration and foam overflow height on the removal of total suspended solids (TSS) by a foam fractionator, with 20 cm diameter and 120 cm height, were investigated. This experiment was performed on batch and consecutive modes for different combinations of the tested factors, using synthetic wastewater. In 5 consecutive trials, TSS concentration in culture tank water decreased faster, when the foam fractionator was operated at higher SAV and lower HRT. In batch trials, with increasing SAV, TSS removal rate increased, but decreased with increasing HRT. Higher protein concentration in the bulk solution resulted in higher TSS removal rate. TSS concentration in the collected foam condensates increased but the foam overflow rate decreased with increasing foam overflow height. Foam fractionation was effective for removing TSS in seawater aquaculture systems and its performance largely depended on the operating parameters, especially superficial air velocity.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.102-110
• /
• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: The participants were 133 elderly people dwelling in a community. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Stepwise multiple regression with SPSS. Results: The predictors of quality of life in the elderly were depression, physical symptoms, and social support. Depression and physical symptoms had a significant negative correlation with HRQoL and social support had a significant positive correlation with HRQoL. Among them, depression was shown as the most significant predictor of HRQoL in the elderly ($R^2$=.573, p<.001). Conclusion: These results indicate that strategies to relieve depression should be integrated in interventions to improve the QoL of older adults dwelling in a community residence.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.333-341
• /
• 2008

In this study, the possibility and the optimal conditions for treating slurry type piggery wastewater using supercritical water oxidation were tested in the laboratory. The results could be summarized as follows; The slurry type piggery wastewater, which was diluted 50 times, was treated most effectively at the pressure of 300 bar, the temperature of $550^{\circ}C$ and the residence time of 10 minutes. The air saturated water was injected, as an oxidizing agent, and the removal efficiencies of $COD_{Cr}$, T-N, $NH_4^+$-N and T-Pattheoptimal conditions were 92, 40, 59 and 100%, respectively. Therefore, analte rnativemea suremu stbetaken to improve theremo valefficiency of the nitrogen compounds.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.111-124
• /
• 2003

This study tries to analyse the relationship between sexual attitudes and behaviors on the one hand and parent-child relationships on the other among college students in Korea. 1,237 students from different areas were surveyed. Sexual attitudes are subdivided into four aspects, namely, permissiveness, instrumentality, emotional exchange, and responsibility, and sexual behaviors into indirect and direct ones. Results are as follow. First, sexual attitudes and behaviors among the subjects are found being different, depending on such variables as sex, religion and dating experiences. Secondly, while being related with both indirect and direct sexual behaviors, the variable of co-residence with parents is significantly related with the aspect of permissiveness, but not with the other three aspects. Thirdly, the parent-child communication is significantly related with sexual attitudes. One who has an open pattern of communication with parents tends to have more desirable sexual attitudes and is better able to control sexual behaviors.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.1000-1006
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this survey was to study nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, residences and purpose value of meal in the college freshmen. The survey was conducted from May 1 to May 25 in 1997. The results are summarized as follows. The female students showed higher scores than male students in nutrition knowledge score, but there was no difference in dietary attitude. Dietary attitude of the students living in home were higher than that of the other students. Female students tended to choose food for the pleasure of its taste. On female students, no difference was founded on nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude with purpose value of meal. The male students who have purpose value of meal on intake of nutrients showed the highest score in nutrition knowledge.