• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1868-1874
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• 2007

We have developed a robotic system for an automated parallel cell cultivation process that enables screening of induction parameters for the soluble expression of recombinant protein. The system is designed for parallelized and simultaneous cultivation of up to 24 different types of cells or a single type of cell at 24 different conditions. Twenty-four culture vessels of about 200 ml are arranged in four columns${\times}$six rows. The system is equipped with four independent thermostated waterbaths, each of which accommodates six culture vessels. A two-channel liquid handler is attached in order to distribute medium from the reservoir to the culture vessels, to transfer seed or other reagents, and to take an aliquot from the growing cells. Cells in each vessel are agitated and aerated by sparging filtered air. We tested the system by growing Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells harboring a plasmid for a model protein, and used it in optimizing protein expression conditions by varying the induction temperature and the inducer concentration. The results revealed the usefulness of our custom-made cell cultivation robot in screening optimal conditions for the expression of soluble proteins.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.384-389
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• 2009

KEPRI (Korea Electric Power Research Institute) has studied planar type solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks using anode-supported cells and kW class co-generation systems for residential power generation. In this work, a 1 kW SOFC system consisted of a hot box part, a cold BOP (balance of plant) part, and a hot water reservoir. The hot box part contained a SOFC stack made up of 48 cells, a fuel reformer, a catalytic combustor, and heat exchangers. Thermal management and insulation system were especially designed for self-sustainable operation in that system. A cold BOP part was composed of blowers, pumps, a water trap, and system control units. When the 1 kW SOFC stack was tested using hydrogen at $750^{\circ}C$, the stack power was about $1.2\;kW_e$ at 30 A and $1.6\;kW_e$ at 50 A. Turning off an electric furnace, the SOFC system was operated using hydrogen and city gas without any external heat source. Under self-sustainable operation conditions, the stack power was about $1.3\;kW_e$ with hydrogen and $1.2\;kW_e$ with city gas respectively. The system also recuperated heat of about $1.1\;kW_{th}$ by making hot water.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2 s.109
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• pp.32-47
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate and propose a green-wall system with evergreen plants for urban greening of Tongyeong City. To achieve these goals, the requirements and possibilities for wall greening were investigated and evaluated considering the location, topography, and climate of Tongyeong City. Existing walls were analyzed and then a suitable green wall system is proposed. Tongyeong City and its 151 islands covers the central and the southern parts of the Goseong peninsula. Most of the land is covered with hills and mountains; $43.9\%$ of the land area has a slope greater than $15\%$ and most hills and mountains near the urban area have a slope of more than $30\%$. As a result of the topographical properties, concrete retaining walls can often be seen along the streets in urbanized areas. These retaining walls are not only unattractive, but they also create environmental problems, and thus should be replaced with native evergreen plants. Options for replacing the retaining walls include evergreen vine-plants such as Hedaa spp. and Euonymus radicans, but native evergreen shrubs such as Pittosporum tobira, Nandina domestica, Raphiolepis umbellata, Ilex cornuta, flex crenata, Fatsia japonic, and Aucuba japonica may be a more attractive option. Current wall conditions are unsuitable for planting vines, therefore, a reservoir-drainage-type plant box filled with a light artificial substrate is required for greening these concrete retaining walls. These might be irrigated in the dry season and fertilized annually by an appropriate system. These plant boxes could be attached along the entire walls. An experiment investigating effects of substrates and bark-chip mulching on the growth of Hedera spp. showed that the mixture of cerasoil and field soil(v/v, 4:6) was superior to field soil alone and to the mixture of perlite small grain, large grain, and field soil(v/v/v, 2:2:6). Bark-chip mulching tended to increase the growth of Hedera spp..

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.383-397
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• 2012

The incidence of zoonoses in Korea has recently increased. But the study for high risk group such as pig farmers to zoonoses has not been conducted in Korea. Thus we reviewed the articles in order to obtain basic data for zoonoses among pig farmers, especially in rural communities. Pigs are one of the most important domestic livestock in Korea not only from economic standpoint but also from standpoint of food. Pigs also represent a potential reservoir for many novel pathogens, therefore may transmit these to humans via direct contact, vectors such as mosquitos, or contaminated meat. The zoonoses associated with pigs can be classified into bacterial pathogen, viruses and so on. Bacterial zoonoses include brucellosis, leptospirosis, listeriosis, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection, pasteurellosis, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, tuberculosis, anthrax, necrobacillosis, swine erysipelas, erysipeloid, melioidosis, Streptococcus suis infection, Clostrium difficile infection, and campylobactor infection. Viral zoonoses consist of Japanese encephalitis, swine influenza, Nipah virus, Reston ebolavirus, and hepatitis E virus infection. Other type of zoonoses include actinomycosis, toxoplasmosis and Taenia solium infection. These zoonoses were important in Korean health policy but lately they have been overlooked. For effective health policy, we need to study zoonoses associated with pigs, and clinicians and veterinarians must care deeply about these zoonoses.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.6 no.1_2 s.7
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

A multichannel seismic profile from the southwestern margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea, was analysed in detail to interpret the middle to late Miocene sequence stratigraphic evolution of the area. A regressive package is overlying a transgressive package which, in turn, is underlain by older uplifted and deformed sedimentary layers. A prominent condensed section separates the regressive and transgressive packages. The transgressive package is characterized by onlapping onto the underlying uplifted and deformed strata. The regressive package contains six prograding sequences composed of seismically resolvable lowstand, highstand, and transgressive systems tracts. Most of the depositional sequences comprise lowstand systems tracts consisting of basin-floor fan, slope fan, and prograding complex. Potential reservoirs in the regressive package are turbidite sands in basin-floor fans, channel-fill sands and overbank sand sheets in slope fans, and incised valley-fill sands in the shelf. The shallow marine sands in transgressive packages are another type of reservoir. Detailed sequence stratigraphic analysis, seismic data reprocessing, and 3-D seismic survey are suggested for the successful hydrocarbon exploration in the study area.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.101-116
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• 2018

As one of the most important engineering structures, arch dams are huge constructions built with human hands and have strategical importance. Because of the fact that long construction duration, water supply, financial reasons, major loss of life and material since failure etc., the design of arch dams is very important problem and should be done by expert engineers to determine the structural behavior more accurately. Finite element analyses and non-destructive experimental measurements can be used to investigate the structural response, but there are some difficulties such as spending a long time while modelling, analysis and in-situ testing. Therefore, it is more useful to conduct the research on the laboratory conditions and to transform the obtained results into real constructions. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to determine the structural behavior of arch dams considering experimentally validated prototype laboratory model using similitude and scaling laws. Type-1 arch dam, which is one of five arch dam types suggested at the "Arch Dams" Symposium in England in 1968 is selected as reference prototype model. The dam is built considering dam-reservoir-foundation interaction and ambient vibration tests are performed to validate the finite element results such as dynamic characteristics, displacements, principal stresses and strains. These results are considered as reference parameters and used to determine the real arch dam response with different scales factors such as 335, 400, 416.67 and 450. These values are selected by considering previously examined dam projects. Arch heights are calculated as 201 m, 240 m, 250 m and 270 m, respectively. The structural response is investigated between the model and prototype by using similarity requirements, field equations, scaling laws etc. To validate these results, finite element models are enlarged in the same scales and analyses are repeated to obtain the dynamic characteristics, displacements, principal stresses and strains. At the end of the study, it is seen that there is a good agreement between all results obtained by similarity requirements with scaling laws and enlarged finite element models.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.3_2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

In this study, it is intended to investigate the suitability of the use of Karate Kata martial arts as a guard. It is possible to carry out the mission to protect the subject guard it with the type technology. So, it is possible to be aware of the importance of karate training. And placing the purpose in raising the value of karate. Approach is a literature study. Collect and materials related books, papers karate, martial arts guards, such as martial arts, was helpful. First, karate kata use all the parts of a body. Thus, it is possible to form physical strength security staff. Second, Karate Kata has techniques are included. Thus it is possible to provide for a variety of attacks from the reservoir's. Thus, karate is capable of use as a security guard martial arts. Third, understand karate kata learn manners. And it can be a good learning mentality. Therefore Karate is in accordance various social changes such as the need to guard. Karate is security guard martial arts as a guard be considered in the development.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.235-244
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• 2012

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging has been considered one of the most complicated nevertheless, one of the most powerful logging methods for the characterization on of both rocks and natural fluids in formation. NMR measures magnetized signals (polarization and relaxation) between the properties of hydrogen nucleus called magnetic moment and applied magnetic fields. The measured data set contains two important petrophysical properties such as density of hydrogen in the fluids inside the pore space and the distinct decay rate for fluid type. Therefore, after the proper data processing, key petrophysical information, not only the quantities and properties of fluids but also supplies of rock characterization in a porous medium, could be archived. Thus, based on this information, several ongoing researches are being developed in estimating aspects of reservoir productivity information, permeability and wettability since it is the key to having correct interpretation. This study goes through the basic theory of NMR at first, and then reviews NMR logging tools as well as their technical characteristics. This paper also briefly discusses the basic knowledge of NMR simulation algorithm by using Random walk.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.869-887
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• 2008

Coffer dam for tunnel type spillway in inflow section of Dae-am dam was originally planned as 2 lines sheet piles with Water Zet method. But, the result of pilot test was caused of some problems that vibration during installation of pile could pollute water and water leakage could the lower part. So, sheet piles was not satisfactory for faculty of coffer dam. Structural instability of sheet pile system need to reinforcement. Characteristic of Dae-am dam was small reservoir capacity but wide drainage area, of which it was judgment that security of leakage and stability was difficult during excavation of inlet part. So, we consider that water curtain method utilized with in site pouring concrete pile method was designed at weir part of spillway. We were known about basement rock that geological boring was carried out in weir part. After taking a deep consideration, PRD method was accepted as a new method. Concrete pile by PRD was installed to below country rock. CJM method was carried out with PRD. After making concrete wall using Top-down method, earth anchors were installed for supporting it. According to the result of numerical analysis, as water level rises, wall is stable.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.591-595
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• 2010

Conventional methods of model evaluation usually rely only on model performance based on a comparison of simulated variables to corresponding observations. However, this type of model evaluation has been criticized because of its insufficient consideration of the various uncertainty sources involved in modeling processes. This study aims to propose an extended model evaluation method using multiple assesment indices (MAIs) that consider not only the model performance but also the model structure and parameter uncertainties in rainfall-runoff modeling. A simple reservoir model (SFM) and distributed kinematic wave models (KWMSS1 and KWMSS2 using topography from 250m, 500m, and 1km digital elevation models) were developed and assessed by three MAIs for model performance, model structural stability, and parameter identifiability. All the models provided acceptable performance in terms of a global response, but the simpler SFM and KWMSS1 could not accurately represent the local behaviors of hydrographs. In addition, SFM and KWMSS1 were structurally unstable; their performance was sensitive to the applied objective functions. On the other hand, the most sophisticated model, KWMSS2, performed well, satisfying both global and local behaviors. KMSS2 also showed good structural stability, reproducing hydrographs regardless of the applied objective functions; however, superior parameter identifiability was not guaranteed. Numerous parameter sets could lead to indistinguishable hydrographs. This result supports that while making a model complex increases its performance accuracy and reduces its structural uncertainty, the model is likely to suffer from parameter uncertainty. The proposed model evaluation process can provide an effective guideline for identifying a reliable hydrologic model.