• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.249-253
• /
• 2013

Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor of mesothelial surfaces. Previous studies have observed an association between ABO blood groups and risk of certain malignancies, including pancreatic and gastric cancer; however, no information on any association with MM risk is available. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations amoong MM clinicopathological features and ABO blood groups and Rh factor. Materials and Methods: In 252 patients with MM, the ABO blood group and Rh factor were examined and compared with the control group of 3,022,883 healthy volunteer blood donors of Turkish Red Crescent between 2004 and 2011. The relationship of blood groups with various clinicopathological features were also evaluated in the patient group. Results: The median age was 55 (range: 27-86) and 61.5% of patients were male. While 82.8% of patients had a history of exposure to asbestos, 60.7% of patients had a smoking history. Epithelioid (65.1%) was the most common histology and 18.7% of patients had mixed histology. Overall, the ABO blood group distribution of the 252 patients with MM was comparable with the general population. The median overall survival (OS) was 14 months (95% confidence interval, 11.3-16.6 months). The median OS for A, B, AB, and O were 11, 15, 16, and 15 months respectively (p=0.396). First line chemotherapy was administered to 118 patients. The median OS of patients on pemetrexed or gemcitabine was longer than patient who was not administered chemotherapy [17 months (95%CI, 11.7-22.2) vs. 9 months (95%CI, 6.9-11.0); p<0.001]. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that patients with MM can benefit from treatment with pemetrexed or gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin. We did not observe a statistically significant association between ABO blood group and risk of MM.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.865-872
• /
• 2000

Helocobacter phylori is the major cause of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and a principal risk factor for gastric cancer. As the firs step towards a vaccine against H. pylori infection, Hy.pylori urease was expressed and purified as a recombinant apoenzyme (rUrease) in E. coli. In order to develop an effective immunization protocol using rUrease, the host immune responses were evaluated after the oral immunization of mice with rUrease preparations plus cholera toxin relative to various conditions, such as the physical nature of the antigen, the frequency of the booster immunization, the dose of the antigen, and the route of administration. The protective efficacy was assessed using a quantitative culture following an H. pylori SS1 challenge. It was demonstrated that rUrease, due to its particulated nature, was more superior than the UreB subunit as a vaccine antigen. The oral immunization of rUrease elicited significant systemic and secretory antibody responses, and activated predominantly Th2-type cellular responses. The bacterial colonization was significantly reduced (~100-fold) in those mice immunized with three or four weekly oran doses of rUrease plus cholera toxin (p<0.05), when compared to the non-immunized/challenged controls. The protection correlated well with the elicited secretory IgA level against rUrease, and these secretory antibody responses were highly dependent on the frequency of the booster immunization, yet unaffected by the dose of the antigen (25-200$\mu\textrm{g}$). These results demonstrate the remarkable potential of rUrease as a vaccine antigen, thereby strengthening the possibility of developing an H. pylori vaccine for humans.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.127-127
• /
• 2018

Probiotics are microorganisms that have beneficial effects on the health of the host. The health promoting effect by probiotics influences suppressing harmful bacteria, prevention of constipation, blood cholesterol reduction and regulation of blood pressure. Prebiotics are used to promote the growth or activity of microorganisms. Synbiotics, which are a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, synergize in the intestines by complementing each other. Synbiotics not only improves the viability of the probiotics while passing through the gastrointestinal tract, maintain intestinal homeostasis, but also regulate balance of harmful and useful bacterial growth. Glycine max Merr (GMM) has been widely used in Asian countries to treat cancer, obesity, oxidative stress and imbalanced immune diseases. In addition, it has been reported that dietary fiber-rich grains promote bowel movements and prevent constipation. In this study, we investigated the viability of LactobacillIus buchneri (L.buchneri) strains, known as lactic acid bacteria under conditions of gastric fluid and intestinal fluid to determine the suitability of L.buchneri as probiotics. The adhesion ability of L.buchneri to caco-2 cells was also confirmed. The present studies showed that GMM extract promoted the growth and activity of L.buchneri strains as prebiotics. Also, this results suggested that the mixture of L.buchneri and GMM extract can helps maintain intestinal health and healthy body as synbiotics and health functional food material.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.854-862
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 한국산 봄배추와 일본산 봄배추의 품질특성과 기능성을 살펴보고, 이 배추를 이용하여 김치를 제조한 후 $5^{\circ}C$에서 4주 동안 발효하여 이화학적 특성 및in vitro 건강 기능성의 차이를 살펴보았다. 품질특성으로 수분함량, pH, 산도, 총균수, Lactobacillus sp.의 수, Leuconostoc sp.의 수, 조직감, 관능평가를 실시하였으며 적숙기에서의 항산화, in vitro 항암 기능성 실험을 하였다. 일본산 배추는 97.1%의 수분을 함유하였고 한국산 배추는 92.4%의 수분을 함유한 것으로 나타나 일본산배추가 한국산 배추에 비해 높은 수분을 함유하고 있었다. 생배추와 절임배추에서 한국산 배추가 일본산 배추보다 탄력성이 높았고 4주간 숙성한 김치의 탄력성은 한국산 김치가 53.5%로, 일본산 김치(41.4%)보다 월등히 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 한국산 배추로 제조하여 발효한 김치는 총균수는 낮으면서 젖산균인 Lactobacillus sp.와 Leuconostoc sp.의 수는 높게 나타났다. 관능평가에서 한국산 배추로 제조한 김치의 관능적 만족도가 높게 평가되었다. 발효 3주차의 김치를 이용하여 DPPH radical 소거능을 측정한 결과 한국산 배추로 제조한 김치는 83.2%, 일본산 배추로 제조한 김치는 46.1%로 한국산 배추로 제조한 김치에서 약 2배 정도 높은 DPPH radical 소거효과를 나타냈다. AGS 인체 위암세포에 김치의 메탄올 추출물을 1 mg/mL의 농도로 처리했을 때 한국산 배추로 제조한 김치는 45%, 일본산 배추로 제조한 김치는 26%의 암세포 성장 저해율을 나타냈고, 2 mg/mL의 농도에서는 각각 97%, 74%의 암세포 성장 저해율을 나타내어 한국산 배추로 제조한 김치에서 저해 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결국 한국산 배추의 품질이 우수하고 이로 제조한 김치가 일본산 배추로 제조한 김치보다 품질이 우수하고 더 높은 항산화 및 항암기능성(AGS 위암세포)을 나타내었다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제29권10호
• /
• pp.1062-1070
• /
• 2019

마늘(Allium sativum)의 주요 생리활성 성분들은 다양한 종류의 암에 대해 항암효과가 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 활성추적분리방법(activity-guided purification)을 이용하여 마늘의 항암성분을 발굴하고자 하였다. 마늘 에탄올 추출물을 칼럼크로마토그래피로 얻은 각각의 분획물에 대해서 AGS세포의 증식 억제율을 검증하여 가장 효과가 좋은 분획물로부터 물질을 순수분리하여 구조를 동정한 결과 N-benzyl-N-methyldecan-1-amine (NBNMA)로 밝혀졌다. NBNMA의 암생장 억제효능을 검증하기 위해서 CT-26, AGS, HepG2, HCT-116, MCF7, B16F10 및 Sarcoma-180 세포에 대한 in vitro 효과와 CT-26 결장암 세포를 마우스에 이식한 다음 in vivo 효과를 조사하였다. NBNMA는 Bcl-2의 down-regulation과 Bad의 up-regulation을 유도하여 CT-26 세포의 세포사멸 촉진시켰다. 또한, NBNMA는 세포사멸의 외적 및 내적 경로에서 caspases 억제자인 caspase 3과 caspase 9의 활성을 약간 증가시켰다. CT-26세포를 이식한 쥐에 $19.13{\mu}M/kg$의 NBNMA를 21일 동안 경구투여한 결과 암종의 크기가 43% 감소하였다. NBNMA는 in vitro 및 in vivo에서 항암 효과를 나타내었는데, 이러한 결과는 마늘로부터 순수분리한 NBNMA가 대장암치료를 위한 항암제 후보물질로서 활용 가능성이 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.76-83
• /
• 2013

진단 및 치료분야에서 호흡 움직임이 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 외부 움직임을 관찰하여 실시되었으나, 이러한 외부 움직임은 내부 장기의 실제 움직임을 반영하지 못한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 개의 흉부 내 비침습적 이식이 가능한 인공 폐결절을 제작하여 동물실험에 대한 적용가능성을 확인하고 PET 영상 획득 및 방사선조사 시 움직임의 영향을 평가하고자하였다. 인공폐결절은 8 Fr 일회용 위장용 영양공급튜브를 개조하여 제작하였다. 제작된 결절모델은 마취된 개 4마리에 기관을 경유하여 기관지에 삽입한 뒤 방사선투시장치를 이용하여 위치를 확인하였다. PET 촬영용 인공폐결절은 내강에 $^{18}F$-FDG를 주입한 뒤 호흡운동 모사체에 장착하여 정지 상태, 10 rpm과 15 rpm의 종축 왕복운동간 PET 촬영을 실시하였다. 방사선조사용 인공폐결절은 유리선량계를 이식한 뒤 PET 촬영 시와 동일한 호흡운동 모사체에 장착하여 정지 상태, 10 rpm과 15 rpm의 종축 왕복운동간 1 Gy 선량을 조사하였다. 인공폐결절은 방사선투시장치 영상에서 실험동물의 후엽 근위부 세기관지에 이식되며 호흡에 따라 결절의 위치가 변화함을 확인하였다. PET 영상에서의 인공폐결절은 모사된 호흡 움직임에 따라 움직임에 의한 인공산물을 나타내었으며, 호흡동조게이트 시 SNR은 7.21로 기준영상의 SNR 10.15에 비해 감소하였으나 프로파일상 게이트영상의 영상계수는 정적영상에 비해 기준영상과 유사하여 PET 영상의 질을 개선함을 확인하였다. 방사선조사 실험간 인공폐결절 내 삽입된 유리선량계에 조사된 조사선량은 정지 상태와 10 rpm의 종축 왕복운동에서 0.91 Gy로 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 15 rpm의 종축 왕복운동에서 0.90 Gy로 오차범위 내 감소를 나타내었으며, 이온 전리함을 통한 조사선량 검출에서도 근소한 감소를 나타내었다. 본 실험에서 제작된 인공폐결절은 실험동물의 후엽 근위부 세기관지에 높은 재현성을 보이며 방사선투시 영상에서 폐의 내부 움직임을 반영하였다. PET 영상 내 움직임에 의한 인공산물이 관찰되며, 방사선 조사연구에서는 호흡운동이 미약한 영상 흐림을 일으킴을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 인공폐결절은 진단 및 치료분야에서 실험동물을 이용한 움직임 기반 진단 및 치료 평가에 유용한 도구로 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 2018

Carbon monoxide (CO) is well-known as toxic gas and intrinsic signaling molecule such as neurotransmitter and blood vessel relaxant. Recently, it has been reported that low concentration of CO exerts therapeutic actions under various pathological conditions including liver failure, heart failure, gastric cancer, and cardiac arrest. However, little has been known about the effect of CO in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD). To test whether CO could exert a beneficial action during oxidative cell death in PD, we examined the effects of CO on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cell death in C6 glioma cells. Treatment of CO-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) significantly attenuated 6-OHDA-induced apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. CORM-2 treatment decreased Bax/Bcl2 ratio and caspase-3 activity, which had been increased by 6-OHDA. CORM-2 increased phosphorylation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which is a transcription factor regulating antioxidant proteins. Subsequently, CORM-2 also increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutases (CuZnSOD and MnSOD), which were antioxidant enzymes regulated by Nrf2. These results suggest that CO released by CORM-2 treatment may have protective effects against oxidative cell death in PD through the potentiation of cellular adaptive survival responses via activation of Nrf2 and upregulation of heme oxygenase-1, leading to increasing antioxidant defense capacity.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.546-554
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Malnutrition is a significant issue for pediatric patients with cancer. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement in pediatric oncology patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 49 pediatric oncology patients undergoing PEG placement at Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital between 2000 and 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics, complications, absolute neutrophil count at time of PEG placement and at time of complications, length of stay, and mortality were identified. Weight-for-age Z-scores were evaluated at time of- and six months post-PEG placement. Results: The overall mean weight-for-age Z-score improved by 0.73 (p<0.0001) from pre- (-1.11) to post- (-0.38) PEG placement. Improvement in Z-score was seen in patients who were malnourished at time of PEG placement (1.14, p<0.0001), but not in those who were not malnourished (0.32, p=0.197). Site infections were seen in 12 (24%), buried bumper syndrome in five (10%), and tube dislodgement in one (2%) patient. One patient (2%) with fever was treated for possible peritonitis. There were no cases of other major complications, including gastric perforation, gastrocolic fistula, clinically significant bleeding, or PEG-related death documented. Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, our data suggests a relationship between site complications (superficial wound infection, buried bumper syndrome) and neutropenia. Additionally, PEG placement appears to be an effective modality for improving nutritional status in malnourished pediatric oncology patients. However, larger prospective studies with appropriate controls and adjustment for potential confounders are warranted to confirm these findings.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.1903-1907
• /
• 2016

Background: Studies of effects of IL-1 polymorphisms, CYP2C19 genotype together with antibiotic resistance for H. pylori eradication are rare worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate efficacy of 10-day sequential therapy (SQT) and 14-day standard triple therapy (STT) with four- times-daily dosing of amoxicillin for H. pylori eradication related to these important host and bacterial factors in Thailand. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized study was performed during March 2015 to January 2016. H. pylori infected gastritis patients were randomized to receive 10-day sequential therapy and 14-day standard triple therapy. CYP2C19 genotyping, IL1 polymorphism (IL-1B and IL-1RN genotypes) and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed in all patients. 13C-UBT was conducted to confirm H. pylori eradication at least 4 weeks after treatment. Results: A total of 100 patients (33 males and 67 females, mean age=51.1 years) were enrolled. Eradication rate by PP analysis was 97.9% (47/48) with the 10-day SQT regimen and 87.8% (43/49) with 14-day STT regimen (97.9% vs 87.8%; p-value=0.053). Antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated 45% resistance to metronidazole, 14.8% to clarithromycin, and 24.1% to levofloxacin. CYP2C19 genotyping revealed 44.9% RM, 49% IM and 6.1% PM. IL-1B and IL-1RN genotypes were demonstrated as 21.4% for CC, 48.1% for TC, 36.8% for TT, 72.7% for 1/1, and 21.2% for 1/2 genotypes, respectively. The 10-day SQT regimen provided 100% eradication in patients with clarithromycin or dual clarithromycin and levofloxacin H. pylori resistant strains. Moreover, the 10-day SQT regimen resulted in a 100% eradication rate in all patients with CYP2C19 genotype RM and almost type of IL-1B (TC and TT) and IL1-RN genotypes ( 1/2 and other). Conclusions: Treatment with 10-day sequential therapy is highly effective for H. pylori eradication regardless of the effects of clarithromycin resistance, dual clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance, CYP2C19 genotype, IL-1B and IL1-RN genetic polymorphisms and can be used as effective first line therapy in Thailand.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.3309-3315
• /
• 2016

Helicobacter pylori as the second most common cause of gastric cancer in the world infects approximately half of the developed countries population and 80% of the population living in developing countries. Integrons as genetic reservoirs play major roles in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons and associated gene cassettes in H. pylori isolates from Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran among 110 patients with H. pylori infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for H. pylori strains were assessed by the micro broth dilution method. Class 1 and 2 integrons were detected using PCR. In order to determine gene cassettes, amplified fragments were subjected to DNA sequencing of both amplicon strands. The prevalence of resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, rifampin, and levofloxacin were 68.2% (n=75), 25.5% (n=28), 24.5% (n=27), 19.1% (n=21), 18.2% (n=20) and 16.4% (n=18), respectively. Frequency of multidrug resistance among H. pylori isolates was 12.7%. Class 2 integron was detected in 50 (45.5%) and class 1 integron in 10 (9.1%) H. pylori isolates. The most predominant gene cassette arrays in class 2 integron-bearing H. pylori were included sat-era-aadA1, dfrA1-sat2-aadA1, blaoxa2 and, aadB whereas common gene cassette arrays in class 1 integron were aadB-aadA1-cmlA6, aacA4, blaoxa2, and catB3. The high frequency of class 2 integron and multidrug resistance in the present study should be considered as a warning for clinicians that continuous surveillance is necessary to prevent the further spread of resistant isolates.