• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.285-288
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• 2022

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor that is more common in young people; it is an uncommon type of chondrosarcoma with a poor prognosis. In two-thirds of cases, it affects the bone, especially the spine. However, parts of the body other than the skeletal system are occasionally involved. These rarer types have a worse prognosis, with a high likelihood of metastasis and death. Due to the possible misdiagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, the integrated use of imaging, immunohistochemistry, and pathology can be helpful.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2021

Objective: Using domestic cats as a biomedical research model for fertility preservation, the present study aimed to characterize the influences of ovarian tissue encapsulation in biodegradable hydrogel matrix (fibrinogen/thrombin) on resilience to cryopreservation, and static versus non-static culture systems following ovarian tissue encapsulation and cryopreservation on follicle quality. Methods: In experiment I, ovarian tissues (n=21 animals; 567 ovarian fragments) were assigned to controls or hydrogel encapsulation with 5 or 10 mg/mL fibrinogen (5 or 10 FG). Following cryopreservation (slow freezing or vitrification), follicle viability, morphology, density, and key protein phosphorylation were assessed. In experiment II (based on the findings from experiment I), ovarian tissues (n=10 animals; 270 ovarian fragments) were encapsulated with 10 FG, cryopreserved, and in vitro cultured under static or non-static systems for 7 days followed by similar follicle quality assessments. Results: In experiment I, the combination of 10 FG encapsulation/slow freezing led to greater post-thawed follicle quality than in the control group, as shown by follicle viability (66.9%±2.2% vs. 61.5%±3.1%), normal follicle morphology (62.2% ±2.1% vs. 55.2%±3.5%), and the relative band intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor protein phosphorylation (0.58±0.06 vs. 0.42±0.09). Experiment II demonstrated that hydrogel encapsulation promoted follicle survival and maintenance of follicle development regardless of the culture system when compared to fresh controls. Conclusion: These results provide a better understanding of the role of hydrogel encapsulation and culture systems in ovarian tissue cryopreservation and follicle quality outcomes using an animal model, paving the way for optimized approaches to human fertility preservation.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.304-309
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• 2020

An 18-year-old woman with annular pancreas and duodenal duplication presented with recurrent acute pancreatitis and underwent a resection of duodenal duplication. However, the patient experienced recurrent abdominal pain after resection. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a dilatation of the peripheral pancreatic duct and stenosis and malformation of both the Wirsung's and Santorini's duct due to multiple stones. The modified puestow procedure was performed. The main pancreatic ducts in the body and tail were opened, and the intrapancreatic common bile duct was preserved. A Roux-en-Y pancreatico-jejunostomy was performed for reconstructing the pancreaticobiliary system after removing the ductal protein plug. The patient experienced no abdominal pain, no significant elevation of the serum amylase and lipase levels, and no stone formation during the 2 years of follow-up. This procedure is considered to be beneficial for pediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis due to annular pancreas and duodenal duplication.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.194-197
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• 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder in reproductive-age women. In 2018, an international evidence-based guideline announced recommendations spanning a wide range of issues on the assessment and management of PCOS. From the 166 recommendations, the present study reviews those that are of particular clinical relevance for daily practice and introduces other relevant studies that have been published since the global guideline. The 2018 guideline increased the antral follicle count cutoff for the diagnosis of PCOS from 12 to 20 when using a high-frequency probe. Hirsutism was defined as having a score of ≥4-6 based on a lower percentile of 85%-90% or cluster analysis, which was lower than the traditionally used 95th percentile-based cutoff. The diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents is challenging, and irregular menstruation was defined carefully according to years from menarche. The use of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of PCOS was restricted to those 8 years after menarche. As medication for non-fertility indications, combined oral contraceptives are the first-line drug. Metformin, in addition to lifestyle modifications, should be considered for adult patients with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m² for the management of weight and metabolic outcomes. An aromatase inhibitor is the recommended first-line medication for ovulation induction, a subsequent individual patient data meta-analysis also reported the same conclusion. Whether the new global guideline will be fully adopted by many specialists and change clinical practice is open to question. Further studies are needed to better understand and manage PCOS patients well.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.225-238
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• 2022

The ultimate goal of human assisted reproductive technology is to achieve a healthy pregnancy and birth, ideally from the selection and transfer of a single competent embryo. Recently, techniques for efficiently evaluating the state and quality of preimplantation embryos using time-lapse imaging systems have been applied. Artificial intelligence programs based on deep learning technology and big data analysis of time-lapse monitoring system during in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos have also been rapidly developed. In addition, several molecular markers of the secretome have been successfully analyzed in spent embryo culture media, which could easily be obtained during in vitro embryo culture. It is also possible to analyze small amounts of cell-free nucleic acids, mitochondrial nucleic acids, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA derived from embryos using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or digital PCR, as well as next-generation sequencing. Various efforts are being made to use non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality (NiEEQ) to select the embryo with the best developmental competence. However, each NiEEQ method has some limitations that should be evaluated case by case. Therefore, an integrated analysis strategy fusing several NiEEQ methods should be urgently developed and confirmed by proper clinical trials.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2002

Peroxiredoxin (Prx) has been known to play an important role in the protection against oxidative damage of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent reports implied that the ROS may be closely related with the reproductive system. To define the possible roles of Prx family in reproduction, the expression profiles were investigated in reproductive organs of four murine strains. (omitted)

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2014

Beta-catenin (CTNNB1, catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1) is involved in various biological processes, including embryogenesis, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and progression of metastasis. CTNNB1, as a multifunctional and oncogenic protein, has important roles in adhesion between Sertoli cells through an N-cadherin-dependent manner and in various cancer types through its over-activation. In addition, CTNNB1 can interact with estrogen/estrogen receptor alpha complex, which regulates the transcription of WNT (wingless-type MMTV integration site family)/CTNNB1 target genes. Recently, we investigated the functional roles and expression pattern of CTNNB1 during the morphological changes of embryonic gonads of chickens and the estrogen-dependent regulation of CTNNB1 in oviduct development and potential functions as a biomarker of CTNNB1 in human epithelial ovarian cancer using the chicken as a biological research model. Therefore, in this review, we provide a new insight of potential role of CTNNB1 in the development of the female reproductive tract during early embryogenesis and ovarian carcinogenesis of laying hen models.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.187-187
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• 2003

The aims of present study were to compare the effects of in utero exposure to diethylstibestrol (DES), di(n-butyl)phthalate (DBP) and flutamide on the development of reproductive organs and to investigate the specific mechanisms of these abnormalities in the male reproductive system.During gestation days 10-19, pregnant Sparague-Dawley (SD) female rats were administered orally with corn oil (control), DES (25, 50, or 100 ${\mu}$/kg/day), (omitted)

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.5_6
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• pp.1073-1088
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• 2010

In this article we want to formulate a disease transmission model, MSEIR model, for a population with individuals travelling between patches i and i + 1 and we derive an explicit formula for the basic reproductive number, $R_0$, employing the spectral radius of the next generation operator. Also, in this article we show that a system of ordinary differential equations for this model has a unique disease-free equilibrium and it is locally asymptotically stable if $R_0$ < 1 and unstable if $R_0$ > 1.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.181-181
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• 2003

The aims of present study were to compare the effects of in utero exposure of several chemicals which have antiandrogenic characteristics on the development of reproductive organs and to investigate the specific mechanisms related to the abnormalities observed in the male reproductive system.(omitted)