• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2015

Recently, new keywords such as "Resilience" and "Repairability" have been discussed from the perspective of the sustainability of damaged structures after a severe disaster. To evaluate the repairability and recovery of structures, it is necessary to establish an analytical method that can simulate the behavior of repaired structures. Furthermore, it is desirable to establish an evaluation method for the structural performance of repaired structures. This study investigates the repairability and recovery of steel members that are damaged by local buckling or cracks. This paper suggests a simple analytical model for repaired steel members, in order to simulate the inelastic behavior and evaluate the recoverability of the structural performance. There is good agreement between the analytical results and the test results. The proposed analytical method and model can effectively evaluate the recoverability.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2005

The damageability and repairability of similar platform type vehicles could be very concerned with design optimization. In all the vehicles crash tested, small size passenger vehicles were weakness in aspect of damageability and repairability. The most critical area appears to be repair cost considering that parts cost is the largest portion of total repair cost segments. Besides repair cost, attaching method of front sidemember and subframe are placed special importance for impact energy absorption and damageability and repairability. So in order to improve damageability and repairability of vehicle structure and body component of the monocoque type passenger vehicles, the end of front side member and front back beam should be designed with optimum level and to supply the end of front side member as a partial condition approx 300mm. The effectiveness of design concept on the 40% offset frontal impact characteristics of the passenger vehicle structure is investigated and summarized.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.134-139
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• 2003

The car crash accidents in low speed occurs most frequently. Damage on a conventional bumper after the car accident causes the bumper to get fixed most of time. This study shows how a gas tube bumper reduces a damageability and increase repairability after the car accidents. The 15 km/h 40% offset front and rear crash test recommended by RCAR (Research council for automobile repairs) standard was performed and evaluated damages on the gas tube bumper by the pendulum impact tester. In this study, the gas tube bumper reduces damageability and increases repairability after car crash accidents. In addition, car frame design to apply the gas tube bumper may consider to be changed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.127-133
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• 2003

For the purpose of evaluation the damage repairability of a Frame Type Passenger vehicle which experienced a Low Speed 40% Offset front and rear Crash Test. tests were made according to the RCAR testing procedures. Test results concluded ; (1) The deceleration at C.G(center of gravity) off 6.9∼11.39 was similar to that for the vehicle. The airbag system was found to affect neither the passenger's safety nor the savings of the repairing costs. (2) In order to improve the repairability of the Frame Type Passenger vehicle after collision should be a higher crash performance of the bumper on the RCAR standards.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 2005

In the FY 2003, the number of registered vehicles in Korea reached 14 million, which is 7.7% increase from the previous year. The increase of number of vehicles has caused a lot of social problem with enormous costs. The social costs related to the vehicles includes environmental costs resulting from pollution and scraping of vehicles, those resulting from life-saving and repairing from car accidents and so on. There have been m any efforts to reduce the social costs in m any areas. As a part of the efforts, there are recent grow ing interests on the damageability & repairability in related industries. In this study, we investigated the cases of two different types of bum per stay. Futhermore, we analyzed their effects on damageability & repairability and reduction of repair cost. So we found that if the manufacturers design new cars with good damageability & repairability, then the total repair cost in crash will be reduced.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.203-211
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• 1999

The research committee for automobile repairs (RCAR), an international body of insurance research centers, has adopted the typical low speed crash test based on an average damage level in crash accidents to estimate the damageability , repairability and safety. The characteristics of body acceleration and the probability of injury are investigated based on damaged components, accelerations of body and injured dummy to analyze damageability and the driver's safety under low speed crash environment. It is found from the experimental results that the probability of head and thorax injuries are very low comparing to the injury criteria of FMVSS No.208. Furthermore, it is suggested that the deployment of airbag may not be necessary at RCAR low speed frontal crash test.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the bumper mounting structure of passenger vehicles at low speed collision. In order to improve the repairability and damageability of the vehicle, the low speed crash tests of RCAR(Research Council for Automobile Repairs) standard(front & rear 15km/h 40% offset crash test) were carried out for analysis of 3 different types of bumper mounting structures. The results of experiments show that the impact energy absorbing ability of bumper stay with rectangular crash box type vehicle which is inserted into the bumper rail was superior to another two different bumper mounting structures that are applied to many passenger vehicles. In this thesis, well designed bumper mounting structure such as rectangular crash box type can enhance the safety of occupants as well as contribute to reduce repair cost at low collision accident by improving repairability and damageability of vehicle.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.7 s.103
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• pp.959-964
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• 2005

Recently, Kim et al. proposed ID-based authentication schemes using smartcards and fingerprints. However, Scott showed that they were vulnerable to the passive eavesdropping attack. Thereby, this paper proposes an enhanced ID-based authentication scheme to solve the problems in Kin et al. scheme. Especially, the proposed scheme solves the ID repairability problem commonly shared in the previous ID based Cryptosystems. The proposed ID-based authentication scheme supports the advantages in the previous ID-based authentication scheme and solves the problems in them effectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.182-189
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• 2003

We have found that the damage of the front part for a vehicle and that of the rear part for a vehicle are the majority of frequency experienced by the traffic accidents. In conventional bumper system was designed by safety standard regulation at low speed crash. For example there are 2.5 mile and 5 mile bumper. The conventional bumper system was the crash from max 5.5 mile to 3 mile low speed occurs most frequently and results in the highest rate of repairing cost in statistically. On this study, in order to check the damageability and repairability of gas tube bumper system RCAR 15 km/h 40 % offset frontal crash test was adopted in low speed and we have a gas tube bumper parts test and vehicle test with gas tube bumper, we can find gas tube bumper system definitely can improve the damageability and repairability of the vehicles and contribute to down the repairing cost.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.571-584
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• 2022

The residual displacement ratio (RDRs) response spectra have been generally used as an important means to evaluate the post-earthquake repairability, and the ratios of residual to maximum inelastic displacement are considered to be more appropriate for development of the spectra. This methodology, however, assumes that the expected residual displacement can be computed as the product of the RDRs and maximum inelastic displacement, without considering the correlation between these two variables, which inevitably introduces potential systematic error. For providing an adequately accurate estimate of residual displacement, while accounting for the collapse resistance performance prior to the repairability evaluation, a probability-based procedure to estimate the residual displacement demands using the nonlinear static analysis (NSA) is developed for single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. To this end, the energy-based equivalent damping ratio used for NSA is revised to obtain the maximum displacement coincident with the nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA) results in the mean sense. Then, the possible systematic error resulted from RDRs spectra methodology is examined based on the NTHA results of SDOF systems. Finally, the statistical relation between the residual displacement and the NSA-based maximum displacement is established. The results indicate that the energy-based equivalent damping ratio will underestimate the damping for short period ranges, and overestimate the damping for longer period ranges. The RDRs spectra methodology generally leads to the results being non-conservative, depending on post-yield stiffness. The proposed approach emphasizes that the repairability evaluation should be based on the premise of no collapse, which matches with the current performance-based seismic assessment procedure.