• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.187-208
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• 1986

The conclusions which was acquired one renal cell carcinoma and renal disease 132 cases that was tested renal echogram among 4,499 cases for recent 16 months at medical department, Dae Han Kyoyuk Insurance company from August, 1984 to November, 1985 are as follows: 1. On bur ultrasonography, the echo of tumor was demonstrated with echogenicity as compared with renal parenchyme. 2. The case was stage I by Robson's modification method for pathologic histology. 3. There is no fever, typical triad of renal cell carcinoma and the result of serum biochemical test was within normal limit. 4. The frequency with disease was renal cell carcinoma(0.76%), ureteral stone(1.5%), multicystic kidney(2.27%), hydroureter(2.27%), Bilateral poly cystic kidney(4.55%), hydronephrosis(4.55%), renal agenesis(6.06%) renal calculi(18.18%), simple cyst(60.61%). 5. The frequency with age was 55/1200 case(4.58%) in $41{\sim}50$ years, 13/296 cases(4.39%) in $51{\sim}60$ years, 43/2144 cases(2.01%) in $31{\sim}40$ years, 14/791 cases(1.77%) in $21{\sim}30$ years, 7/53 cases(1.32%) more than 61 years and 0/15(0%) under 20 years. 6. The affected site of renal agenesis 8 cases was right side all. 7. In total renal disease 132 cases, the affected site of 126 cases except bilateral polycystic kidney 6 cases was right kidney 72 cases, left kidney the proportion of right to left 1.6:1 8. In total renal disease 132 cases except bilateral polycystic kidneys 6 cases, the patients affected with both side kidneys were 14 cases. 9. The affection rate with sex in total renal disease 132 cases was 98/2860 cases in male, 34/1819 cases in female and the former was about 2 times than the latter. 10. Classifying the stone with part, nephrolithiasis 24 cases were appeared high frequency, on the contray, ureteral stone 2 cases. 11. 2 cases of ureteral stone developed complication, hydronephrosis and hydroureter. 12. The linear array type transducer was not helpful for the diagnosis of lower ureteral calculi but for the lower ureteral calculi, we could see the stone with high echo in accompanying with acoustic shadowing. 13. In 24 cases of renal calculi, both side nephrolithiasis was 3 cases(12.5%). 14. In renal calculi, solitary stone could be seen extremely much and the number of stone was so much variable from 2 to 10. 15. In 26 cases with renal calculi and ureteral stone, the common clinical manifestation was a intermittent and slight pain. 16. In 80 cases of renal cyst, as one's get older, the affection rate of cyst extremely rised. 17. In bilateral polycystic kidney, large cyst had septum on the whole. 18. The patients with complication were 14 cases(10.6%) of total patients.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

Purpose: Renal stones are common and typically arise within the collecting system. The renal sinus are contains the collection system, the renal vessels, lymphatcs, fat, and fibrous tissue. Because of the compression of all the large echoes in signal processing, the echo from the renal stone generally cannot be distinguished from large echoes emanating from normal structures of the renal sinus. Use of ultrasonography has been difficult for detecting small renal stone without posterior shadowing and chemical composition of stone. The aim of study was measuring for posterior acoustic shadowing to a stone for various scan parameter and it examines a help in renal stone diagnosis. Material & Methods: The stone was place on sponge examined in a water bath with a 3.5MHz or 7.5MHz transducer(LOGIQ 400, USA). First, tested a variety of gain. Second, tested a variety of dynamic range. Third, tested a variety of focal zone. Fourth, measuring of the echo level for low and high frequency for depth. Results: 1) Average echo level was 98 for low total gain(10 dB) and was 142 for high total gain(40 dB). Posterior acoustic shadowing of renal stone was clear for low gain. 2) Average echo level was 129 for low dynamic range(42 dB) and was 101 for high dynamic range(72 dB). Posterior acoustic shadowing of renal stone was clear for high dynamic range. 3) When stone is in focal zone of transducer, definite posterior acoustic shadow is identified. 4) Stone was clear appeared for high frequency(7.5 MHz) than low frequency(3.5 MHz) and it is not distorted. Conclusion: The demonstration of an posterior acoustic shadow of renal stone dependents on several technical factors such as gain, dynamic range, focus, and frequency. This various factors are a help in renal stone diagnosis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1989

This paper investigated on influence on the distinguishability of renal stone in the accordance with thickness of object, x-ray tube voltage and base density. In the relationship between object and renal stone shadow, object and tube voltage, the obtained results can be summarized as the following. 1. When thickness of object was thin, the distinguishability increased in base density $2.0{\sim}2.5$, but for adults was best shown in base density 1.5. 2. In the relationship between object and tube voltage, the distinguishability increased at lower tube voltages ($50{\sim}60\;kVp$), using grid. As mentioned above, it was thought that this method was very effective in describing the phenomena of renal stone in film density 1.5, tube voltages 60 kVp.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2023

Cystinuria, a genetically inherited disorder, is a rare cause of kidney stones. It is characterized by impaired transport of cystine and amino acids in the proximal renal tubule and the small intestine. Most patients develop cystine stones throughout their lifetime. Recurrent renal stones need to be extracted by repeated urologic interventions. Treatment options of cystinuria for preventing stone recurrence are limited and poorly tolerated. In this study, we report a pediatric case of cystinuria with a heterozygous SLC3A1 mutation diagnosed by stone analysis, measurement of urine cystine excretion, and genetic analysis. There were recurrent renal stones despite repetitive shock wave lithotripsy and retrograde intrarenal surgery. However, the rate of stone formation seemed to be slower after D-penicillamine was added into adequate hydration and urinary alkalinization.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2005

Gobjectives and Methods to investigate into the course of incurable and relapse renal stones' differentiation of symptoms and signs and to effectively improve treatment of incurable and relapse renal stones through Oriental Medicine. To search for the papers about treatment of incurable and relapse renal stones from 1994 till 2004, and re-search papers about treatment for indicated differentiation of disease. Result and conclusions : 1. It is the kidney vacuity additionally the deficiency of qi(氣) in middle-burner that the incurable and relapse renal stones' differentiation of disease. 2. The cause is taking an overdose of attacking renal stones to eliminate dampness and heat medicine, aging, chrome disease. a sex act excess, insufficiency of congenital qi(氣), insufficient exercise, wrong treatment and stress. 3. Herb medicines are constituted supplementing kidney drugs for inhibition of renal stone's creation, drugs to diuresis and dissolve calculi, and drugs 10 exclude stasis blood(瘀血) on account of renal stones. 4. Anti-renal stone measures me sufficiently drinking water, not eating greasy food. taking medicine for supplementing kidney, diuresis and dissolve calculi by periods, and drinking substitute water to boll down medical herb as Lysimachiae Herba (金錢草) Polygoni Avicularis Herba(篇蓄).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.352-355
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• 2012

Hypospadias is a rare congenital malformation of the urethra reported in cattle. The urethral lumen of male indigenous Korean calf is open along the ventral aspect of the penis in the perineal region. Renal abscess and renal stone formation causing urinary tact infection has not been reported in hypospadia calves. The objective of this study was investigation for renal abscess and renal stone formation through autopsy. Histopathological examination and laboratory tests were performed. At autopsy, the pustules were formed on the right renal cortex, and the renal medulla abscess were formed on right and left part of the renal pelvis. Histopathological finding, this case was diagnosed as severe acute suppurative and necrotizing pyelonephritis, and severe chronic interstitial nephritis with fibrosis and moderate multifocal acute cystitis with edema. Milky exudate of the kidney has been identified as Actinomyces meyeri using the VITEK-2 system for identification of bacteria, and the stone has been identified as carbonate apatite using FT-IR system for quantification analysis. This case report describe the hypospadias complicated with urinary tract infection due to carbonate apatite stones and Actinomyces meyeri.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.71-74
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• 2006

We analyzed retrospectively our experience to evaluate an effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for renal stone with infundibular stenosis. From January 2002 to August 2005, 35 patients with renal stone with infundibular stenosis were treated with ESWL. The diagnosis of infundibular stenosis was made by intraveneous pyelography or retrograde pyelography. The final follow-up check was performed by simple abdominal film or computed tomography and interview after 6 months to 24 months (mean 10 months). 7(20.0%) of 35 patients was freed completely, but Stone free rate including less than 2 mm size was 80%(28/35). 30(85.7%) patients became asymptomatic, 4(11.4%) patients were continued, and 1(2.9%) patient was required the percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. Although ESWL has a low complete stone free rate, We suggest that renal stone with infundibular stenosis should be treated with ESWL, because that is likely to produce a high symptom free and low complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.204-207
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• 2005

Ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet used in the treatment of epilepsy since 1920's. Recently, it's use for intractable epilepsy in childhood has increased. Complications of ketogenic diet are known to include dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, renal stones, metabolic derangement, hypercholesterolemia and refusal to eat. We experienced two cases of renal stones in children with intractable epilepsy during ketogenic diet.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2004

Hypertensive encephalopathy is an acute neurologic syndrome that occurs in association with abrupt and marked elevation of blood pressure and is characterized by headache, vomiting, seizure, visual disturbances and altered mental status. Hypertensive encephalopathy is most commonly associated with renal disease in children, including acute glomerulonephritis, reno-vascular hypertension, and end-stage renal disease. Hypertensive encephalopathy associated with nephrolithiasis has not been reported. We have experienced a 10-year-old boy with hypertensive encephalopathy associated with ureteral stone.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.295-299
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• 1993

Human renal dipeptidase (RDPase) was purified from surgically removed kdneys of renal stone aptients by affinity chromatography using its specific inhibitor, cilastain, as the ligand. The partial purified RDPase of 6 mg exhivited specific activity of 99.4 unit/mg with 2, 029 fold purification. it was composed of a slow moving major band (96%) and a fast moving minor band (4%). The minor band was not a contaminant as it showed a dipeptidase-specific activity. The kinetic parameters determined with glycyldehydrophenylalanine (Gdp) as synthetic substrate were Vmax, $322.6\;\mu{mol/min/mg}$ and km, 0.120 mM. This experiment provided biochemical evidences that sugically removed, nonfunctional kidneys in respect of glomerular filtration still retained high activity of renal dipeptidase.