• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.722-726
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• 2011

The management standard on soil conditions in 'Fuji' apple to produce high quality fruit were not yet made. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions of ten contents on production of high quality fruit in 'Fuji' apple. The soil and fruit characteristics were analyzed at total 60 orchards in major apple producing areas such as Chungju, Moonkyeung, yeongju, andong, yeosan and yeongcheon (10 orchards an area). The soil environmental factors affected fruit weight was highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity of 36.5%. The bulk density and soil pH were low as relative contribution. The fruit weight was influenced by soil physical properties more than soil chemical properties. The soil environmental factors affected sugar content were hydraulic conductivity of 28.3% and organic matter content of 18.2%. The cultivation layer depth and soil pH were low as relative contribution. The fruit coloring was highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity 55.9%. while soil pH, cation and soil texture were low. Fruit coloring was high influenced over 70% by soil physical properties. Finally, relative contribution on fruit quality related with sugar content, fruit weight, and coloring were high influenced by saturated hydraulic conductivity of 21.% and organic matter content of 18.7% but bulk density and cultivation layer depth were low relative contribution. The fruit growth and saturated hydraulic conductivity in 'Fuji' apple were very closely related. Therefore, orchard soil management to produce high quality fruit was very importance drainage management and organic matter application. We concluded that scientific soil management is possible by qualifiable of soil management factors.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.315-332
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effects of human capital and social capital on the economic well-being of late middle-aged Koreans. The data from the first wave of KLoSA (Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging) aged 50-64 were used (n=4,040). The major findings were as follows: First, human capital and social capital are both resources that can contribute to increasing the economic well-being of the middle-aged. Second, the relative contribution of human capital to the economic well-being of the middle-aged varied by the level of social capital, including formal network and informal network. Third, the relative contribution of social capital to the economic well-being of the middle-aged varied by the level of human capital, including employment type and educational attainment. Based on empirical results, the implications for social investment in human capital and social capital were provided.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.4 s.109
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• pp.339-345
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• 2006

In this paper, a physically meaningful methodology which can assess the contribution of each vibration mode to various vibration response signals (displacement, velocity, acceleration) is developed. Based on these results, the problem of quantitative assessment of the relative importance of a structural system's vibrational modes is discussed. In addition, a direct method which ran assess the relative importance of each mode from uniformly sampled experimental data is also proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.140-140
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• 2022

Recently an accurate quantification of streamflow under various climatological and anthropogenic factors and separation of their relative contribution remains challenging, because variation in streamflow may result in hydrological disasters. In this study, we evaluated the factors responsible for variation in streamflow in Korean watersheds, quantified separately their contribution using different Budyko-based functions, and identified hydrological breakpoint points. After detecting that the hydrological break point in 1995 and time series were divided into natural period (1966-1995), and disturbed period (1996-2014). During the natural period variation in climate tended to increase change in streamflow. However, in the disturbed period both climate variation and anthropogenic activities tended to increase streamflow variation in the watershed. Subsequently, the findings acquired from different Budyko-based functions were observed sensitive to selection of function. The variation in streamflow was observed in the response of change in climatic parameters ranging 46 to 75% (average 60%). The effects of anthropogenic activities were observed less compared to climate variation accounts 25 to 54% (average 40%). Furthermore, the relative contribution was observed to be sensitive corresponding to Budyko-based functions utilized. Moreover, relative impacts of both factors have capability to enhance uncertainty in the management of water resources. Thus, this knowledge would be essential for the implementation of water management spatial and temporal scale to reduce the risk of hydrological disasters in the watershed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.779-790
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• 2006

This study examines relative contributions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the formation of hydroxyl (OH) and peroxy radicals such as $HO_2$ and $RO_2$ during the intensive sampling period (Jun. $1{\sim}30$, 2004) in the air of Seoul metropolitan area. As to the contribution of VOCs to $HO_x$ levels, the impact of individual VOC concentration change on $HO_2$ concentration change was more than an order of magnitude higher than that on OH concentration change during the study period. The contribution of change in isoprene concentration to $HO_2$ concentration change was 38 times higher than OH and that in the concentration of alkene compounds to $HO_2$ concentration change was 31 times higher than OH. Moreover, the concentration changes of isoprene and aromatic compounds (AROM) played significant roles in $HO_x$ concentration changes. On the other hands, aldehydes (ALD2) and alkanes (ALKA) showed anti-correlation (negative) in $HO_x$ concentration changes with low contribution ($-4{\times}10^{-3}$ pptv/ppbv (OH) and $-58{\times}10^{-3}$ ($HO_2$) for ALD2; $-1{\times}10^{-3}$ (OH) and $-15{\times}10^{-3}$ ($HO_2$) for ALKA). Unlike other VOCs, $C_2H_6$ and $C_3H_8$ showed positive or negative contribution to peroxy radicals, depending on ambient air conditions. The contribution of VOC concentration changes to changes in $CH_3O_2$ and $RO_2$ concentration showed similar pattern to $HO_x$ contribution.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-29
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• 1990

Korean input-output tables for 1975 and 1985 are first deflated into 1975 constant domestic prices(hypothetical terms), and the constant price I-O data are used to decompose the sources of industrial growth and structural change during the 1975-85 period. Using the same methodology, our results for the 1975-85 period are then linked to the results for the earlier period(1955-75) in order to analyze and evaluate the "demand-side" sources of industrialization over the past three decades. The results from the decomposition of the whole economy indicate that over three decades(1955-85) the relative contribution of domestic demand expansion (DDE) to growth and structural change has continuously declined while the contribution of export expansion(EE) has generally continued to rise. The contribution of import-substitution(IS) which had been significantly higher than that of EE during 1955-63 declined substantially, remaining at an insignificantly low level during the period following 1963. Although it is well known that the government's industrial policy in the 1970s emphasized import-substitution in heavy and chemical industries, no significant changes in the export-oriented growth pattern could be observed even for that period, except for a minor decline in the relative contribution of EE. This may be attributed to the substantially larger, backward-linkage effects of EE than that of IS. The sources-of-growth decompositions for major branches of the manufacturing sector generally support the major conclusions derived from the decomposition for the whole economy. The IS contribution which had been significantly high in almost all manufacturing branches during the 1955-63 period declined to low levels in all but two branches, heavy industry and machinery, during the following period. On the other hand, the relative contribution of EE showed a continuous rise in almost all manufacturing branches(except food processing). Finally, the sources of growth for 1975-85 which were decomposed by detailed sub branches, are analyzed by correlating them with changes in relative prices and industrial protection rates by sub-branches for the same period. A major result is that contrary to general expectations, the EE contributions by sub-branch are not negatively correlated with the nominal rates of protection and/or the effective rates of protection for the same sub-branches. It is also found that no statistically significant, positive correlation exists between IS contributions and nominal protection rates or effective protection rates. These unexpected results may be explained by the peculiar nature of the Korean system of industrial incentives for the past period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1991

This experiment carried out to review influence of relative humidity, temperature and net weight on cigarette hardness for the uniformal control of cigarette quality. Obtained results are as follows: 1. The difference in the cigarette physical properties of constant hardness control is considerably lower than that of constant net weight control. 2. Contribution rate for cigarette hardness is relative humidity > net weight > temperature. 3. The multiple regression equation of cigarette hardness related with relative humidity, temperature and net weight is calculated as follows.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.201-216
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to find the relation between the home management behavior pattern and contribution to the family life of urban housewives and to find out variables which influence them. The samples were selected from 522 housewives with children more than one living in Seoul. The major findings were: 1) In the housewives the degree of education of resourcefulness recognition and of communication were high home management behavior pattern was relatively morphogensis. 2) Influential variables on contribution to the family were the level of education status of employment and as the home management behavior pattern was morphogensis. 3) The relative contribution of home management behavior pattern of contribution to the family was the highest among other variables ; socio-demographic and psychological variables.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 1994

For a panel contribution of the passenger vehicle compartment, a model was created for acoustic analysis of the passenger vehicle compartment and through the acoustic normal modal analysis, frequencies and mode shapes of the resonance modes were calculated. Also, the contribution analysis of each panel was executed using acoustic reciprocal theorem, and through this analysis, normalized responses at the particular point indicate the relative contribution of each panel for generating noise and vibration

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.102-107
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions of ten contents on production of high quality fruit in 'Hongro' apple. The soil and fruit characteristics were analyzed at total 60 orchards in major apple producing areas such as Chungju, Moonkyeung, Yeongju, Andong, Yeosan and Yeongcheon (10 orchards an area). The soil environmental factors affected fruit weight were the highest relative contribution in saturated hydraulic conductivity of 33.3%. The cation was 24.6%, the bulk density, soil texture and solid phase were also high as relative contribution. The fruit weight was influenced by soil physical properties more than soil chemical properties. The soil environmental factors affected sugar content were highest soil texture of 21.9%, and the CEC and bulk density were low as relative contribution. The fruit coloring was the highest relative contribution in phosphate of 55.9%. While saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic matter content were low. The coloring was influenced by soil chemical properties more than soil physical properties. Fruit coloring was high influenced over 70% by soil physical properties. Finally, relative contribution on fruit quality related with sugar content, fruit weight, and coloring were high influenced by cultivation layer depth of 25.8%, soil texture 22.2%, and soil pH of 21.0% but bulk density and solid phase were low relative contribution. The fruit growth and soil chemical properties in 'Hongro' apple were very closely related. Therefore, orchard soil management to produce high quality fruit was very importance drainage management and organic matter application. We concluded that scientific soil management is possible by quanlifiable of soil management factors.