• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.277-281
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the relationship between sleep bruxism(SB) and pulpal calcifications in young women. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 female participants between 20 and 31 years of age who were referred to our radiology clinic for a dental check-up, including 59 SB and 41 non-SB patients, were sampled for the analysis. SB was diagnosed based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria. All teeth were evaluated on digital panoramic radiographs to detect pulpal calcifications, except third molars, teeth with root canal treatment, and teeth with root resorption. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for pulpal calcifications. The Spearman correlation coefficient was applied and the Pearson chi-square test was used for categorical variables. To test intra-examiner reproducibility, Cohen kappa analysis was applied. P values <.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: A total of 2800 teeth were evaluated (1652 teeth from SB patients and 1148 from non-SB patients), and 61% of patients had at least 1 dental pulpal calcification. No statistically significant relationship was found between SB and pulpal calcifications (P>0.05). In SB patients, the total number of pulpal calcifications was 129, while in non-SB patients, it was 84. Binary logistic analysis showed that SB was not a risk factor for the presence of pulpal calcifications(odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.52-2.69, P>.05). Conclusion: No relationship was found between SB and pulpal calcifications.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.215-224
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• 2021

This article emphasizes the consequences of exploring the relationship between sustainable development practices and non-financial performing factors. Also, it investigates the combined effects of the transformational leadership style on the relationship between sustainable development practices and non-financial performing factors. Using primary data sources, this study reviews the literature on the relationship between the factors of the effectiveness of sustainable development practices of Jordanian contractors and non-financial performance. A total of 290 questionnaires were personally distributed to contractors in the Amman district in Jordan. Only 253 questionnaires were returned and usable for further analysis, which represents a response rate of 87%. Data was collected from October 2020 until April 2020. Hypotheses were tested through multiple regression analysis, and hypotheses for interacting effect were examined through hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Based on the results of the analysis obtained there is a significant effect on the relationship between sustainable development and non-financial performances. It shows that construction companies involved in sustainability practices will able to improve their performance, which contributed significantly toward the overall firm's performance. Whereas, results from hierarchical multiple regressions showed that transformational leadership had no moderation effect on the non-financial performance in such a way that reaches a higher firm performance level.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.321-332
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• 2016

This study clarified the maintenance of relationship between children and teachers based on longitudinal data and explored the latent classes. It clarified the latent classes connection with the children's peer play interaction. The subjects of this study were 194 children (aged 3) who attended 11 different kindergartens and daycare centers. We collected data three times (once every 6 months) until they reached age 4. The results of this study were: first, closeness, conflict, and dependence of child-teacher relationship that showed a continuous short-term connection. Second, we classified the child-teacher relationship into three groups according to longitudinal data. Those groups were, 'low level maintenance group' which had the lowest conflict and dependence compared to the highest closeness with teacher, 'middle level maintenance group' which had the teacher relationship in the middle level of the sub element area, and 'high level maintenance group' which showed high conflict and dependence compared to low closeness with the teacher. Third, the group which maintains a longitudinal high conflict.dependence showed more interruption and disruption behavior than the group which maintained a low conflict and dependence. In conclusion, the child-teacher relationship seemed to be the steady characteristic because it showed the early formation of a stable relationship. It was possible to predict the child's peer interaction through an early child-teacher relationship. Teachers need to be educated by the kindergarten and daily care center because the early formation of a child-teacher relationship can be the foundation of child's later peer and teacher relationships.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.35-51
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• 2021

Purpose: As the digital environment has expanded opportunity for consumers to acquire information from social media and social network services(SNS), With this environment, influencer has not only promoted products, but also participated in distribution and influencing on their followers. Despite the increasing interest in influencers, there has not been enough research on the structure of fashion influencer, relationship of immersion and purchase intention. This study examined the effects of fashion influencers' characteristics to the immersion of relationship with followers and purchase intention. Research design, data and methodology: For data collection, a pilot survey and the final survey were conducted. The pilot survey data was conducted to 50 female SNS users following fashion influencers. Based on the pilot tests, questionnaire was revised and the final survey was conducted online from august 22 to September 1, 2019 to female SNS users who have followed fashion influencer. A total of 408 data were collected, and exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equational modeling techniques were employed for the data analyses using AMOS 26.0 and SPSS 26.0. Results: First, five factors were extracted for the fashion influencers' characteristics: interactivity, similarity, reliability, expertise and attractiveness. Second, fashion influences' reliability, expertise, similarity, interactivity have a positive (+) effects on relationship immersion; however, attractiveness has no effect on relationship immersion with followers and fashion influencer. It was also determined that relationship immersion had positive (+) influences on purchase intention. The relationship immersion has been found to have a partially mediated effect and similarity has complete mediated effects between interactivity, reliability, and expertise of fashion influencers and purchasing intentions. In terms of fashion opinion leadership, it was found to have a significant influence on purchase intention only for low fashion leadership groups. Conclusions: The present study found the structural relationships among the influencer characteristics, relationship immersion and purchase intentions to provide framework for succeeding research. This research revealed academic association of intention of purchasing through use of fashion social media and fashion influencer marketing. The results also showed the practical implications that fashion influencers' expertise and reliability perceived by their followers are key determinants to success in influencer marketing.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.91-113
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship among R&D spending and variables of technology trade, and to explore promoting R&D activities and revitalizing technology trade. To analyze the causal relationship, we built a multivariate model that consists of government R&D spending, private R&D spending, technical importation and export of techniques, and employed the Granger-causality test based on an error correction model. The results show that there are five Granger-causality relationship among them in the short run, as well as there are eleven Granger-causality relationship among a total of twelve causal relationship, excluding only a unidirectional causality relationship from the government R&D spending to the export of techniques, in the long run. Besides, we attempted the impulse-response analysis on them to observe the reaction of any dynamic system in response to some external change. The significance of this paper is to make sure the causal relationship between R&D investments and the technology trade by analyzing empirically, and to suggest several implications for promoting the R&D activities and revitalizing the technology trade.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.117-134
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• 2010

Background & Objectives: Recently, problems such as in-school violence of teenagers, gang fight, habitual drinking, smoking, running away from home and group isolation can be regarded as the most fundamental causes of teenagers' deviation. It is said that such fundamental causes are originated from their home, the base for the psychological and behavioral development. Methods: In this study, the data for 3,188 students studying in the 3rd grade at middle school, which have been obtained from the second year survey for the panel of the 2nd grade students in 2004 by to Korea Youth Panel Survey, have been used for the analysis of the study. Results: According to the result of the study, there seems to be no difference between two genders for differences of average values. Regarding the analysis of correlation coefficients between such related variables as domestic violence, self-control, self-worth, self-trust and family relationship (sociability), and teenagers' deviation, When variables increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Regarding the relationship between domestic violence and teenagers' deviation, physical violence is more related than lingual violence. The relationship between self-control and teenagers' deviation is the highest. By studying the deviation of teenagers exposed to domestic violence and carrying out the regression analysis, physical violence influences, teenagers' deviation was greater. As self-control, self-worth and family relationship(sociability) increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Regarding the analytic results of this study, the experience of domestic violence seems to influence teenagers' deviation greatly. Among various types of domestic violence, physical violence is analyzed to influence teenagers' deviation greatly. Self-control, self-worth and family relationship(sociability) increase, teenagers' deviation decreases. Conclusions: In order to prevent teenagers' deviation and decrease the second conviction rate, it is necessary to provide a method of decreasing the domestic violence. It is necessary for schools and local communities to provide social support for teenagers.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.377-390
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• 2018

This study examined the double mediating effects of work-family conflict and parenting guilt on the relationship between perfectionism and parenting behavior for working mothers. The survey was conducted on 340 working mothers with 3 to 5 year-old children, who lived in Daegu and Kyungpook Province, Korea. Data were collected through questionnaires on perfectionism, work-family conflict, parenting guilt, and parenting behavior. To analyze the collected data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and analysis of variance were conducted by using SPSS 22.0 and Model 6 in PROCESS macro, with bootstrapping method. Work-family conflict and parenting guilt were used as mediators. Children's birth order and household income were controlled throughout the analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had inconsistent double mediating effects on the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and positive parenting behavior. Second, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had complete double mediating effects on the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and negative parenting behavior. Third, work-family conflict and parenting guilt did not have double mediating effects on the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and positive parenting behavior. Finally, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had partial double mediating effects on the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and negative parenting behavior. The findings provide a better understanding of the relationship between perfectionism and parenting behavior. The results also have implications for providing education for and counseling working mothers with children.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the high school-girls' trait-state anger, personal relationship position in class and bullying behaviors, and to develope the nursing intervention to prevent the damages of young people's mind according to the bullying conditions. Method : The objects of this study chose from the girls high schools in 'D' city and 233 students answered the questions. The data were collected from June. 11 to 20. 2001. The major instruments used for this study were Trait Anger-State Anger Scale(Chon, 1995) to inquire the level of anger and Bullying Behaviors Scale(Kim, 2000) and personal relationship position in class. Statistical analysis for the research included descriptive statistics, t-test and correlational analysis, and for the analysis of data the SPSS program was used. Result : The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) Total participant's trait anger had a positive correlation with state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. 2) The participants in the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those in the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 3) According to personal relationship position of the class, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of trait anger and bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 4) Also, central group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than peripheral group in the same classes. 5) The peripheral group of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon showed higher score of bullying behaviors than those of the classes with non-perceived bullying phenomenon. 6) Central group's trait anger of the classes with perceived bullying phenomenon had a positive correlation to state anger and bullying behaviors. Also, central group's state anger was positively correlated to bullying behaviors. conclusion : In conclusion, the level of trait anger and state anger in high school girls affected to occur the bullying behaviors in students and especially, the trait anger in central group students was primary factor for the effect.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.87-99
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• 2013

This research was intended to investigate the influence of relationship quality by servicescape of Korean restaurants on loyalty targeting Busan city area. For this, a research model was designed and hypotheses were drawn through literature investigation. 300 copies of the questionnaire for a survey were distributed from 6th to 24th of May, 2013, and then 288 copies were adopted for the empirical analysis. As for data processing, the data were analyzed by using SPSS win version 18.0 statistics package program and were verified through frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and regression analysis. The result of this empirical study was summarized as follows. First, as a result of verifying the influence of servicescape factors on relationship quality, cleanliness, comfortableness, and accessibility among the servicescape factors had significant effects on commitment among the quality factors. Second, the result from verifying how the servicescape factors affected trust showed that attractiveness, comfortableness, and accessibility had significant effects on trust. Third, commitment and trust among the relationship quality factors were found to have significant effects on loyalty.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.255-264
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• 2017

The study is aimed to investigate the relationship between physical competence and physical education class satisfaction. For this purpose, 556 questionnaires were used for the final analysis by using convenience extraction method for middle and high school students. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics for each factor were presented using PASW ver. 18.0 program, and exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted for factor extraction and item internal consistency confirmation. Furthermore, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to clarify the relation between physical competence and satisfaction of class, and the results were as follows: First, feedback factors influenced the relationship between physical competence and teaching behavior. Second, athletic performance, victory, peer comparison factor, etc. influenced the relationship between physical competence and satisfaction of class. Third, the feedbacks and the experience factors influenced the relationship between the physical competence and the physical environment. Fourth, feedback factors also influenced the relationship between physical competence and athletic ability.