• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2007

Self-thinning was measured in Salix communities on Bam Island in Seoul at various age stages. $D^2H$ was used to estimate tree biomass, where D is stem diameter at breast height or 10 cm height for plants with height <1.5 m, and H is height. A log-log plot of density versus $D^2H$ and correlation analysis indicated a significant relationship between density and biomass with equation 'log $D^2H$ = -1.27 log N + 7.06'. This indicates that self-thinning affects biomass in the Salix community with -1.27 as the thinning coefficient. If we assume a thinning exponent -3/2, then the allometric coefficient of the equation, log w = a log $D^2H$ + b, is 1.18. This is much higher than that for any other species studied in Korea. There were statistically significant relationships between age and density and between age and basal area and these relationships suggest guidelines for transplantation of willows and for the assessment of Salix community restoration projects in riverine wetlands based on standard density, basal area, and age. The results of this study may also increase understanding of succession processes in Salix community restoration in riverine wetlands.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.215-224
• /
• 2011

Throughout the world, interest in issues relevant to energy, resources, environment, etc, is ever soaring. Therefore, the restoration of modern architecture that fulfilled its epochal function is working as a cultural, historic medium. In addition, it also plays its role in the side of environmental approach and so on. Moreover, the museum, which was only used for the possession of art collections and exhibition purposes, is currently expanding its scale and range as the center of culture and education. Also in reality, with the use of various programs, it is globally pursuing urban vitalizations. This study looks at the meaning of modem architecture restoration as well as its relationship with urban area. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to look for design method's direction by finding the relevance between modem architecture restoration and museum during the restoration. This study is based on transformation and preservation scale during the restoration of modern architecture. It analyzed plane and design direction. Additionally, this study analyzed the architectural and regional effect caused by restoration. As a result, in accordance with the direction of museum and the usage, scale, structure as well as superficial aging condition of previous architecture, it shows difference in design methods in the process of restoration. The exterior of architecture was restored and preserved to its original form in order to show the symbolical form through historical value. This is essential to the modern museum. On the other hand, the interior of architecture put more value on utilization concept that its preservation and thus was restored accordingly. However, in all the cases, previous architecture were commonly used and even when alterations and additions were made due to aging and their change in usage, they were restored in a way that preserved and harmonized previous architecture. If the design method for restoration of modern architecture selects the restoration method by considering problems related to location, building value, structure, if it is studied from various angles and is restored after considering its usage as a museum, then we will be able to generate cultural and historical synergy effect. Furthermore, apart from architecture, it will have great impact on urban vitalizations.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2014

This study aims to analyze the changes of adjacent residential area after the restoration of covered urban streams in seoul. The changes of adjacent residential area after restoration were analyzed by changes of land using, urban structure, individual lot of land and architecture to investigate relationship of the urban stream and residential change. The result as follows: the first one is the change of land use and urban structure in adjacent residential area. This change of infrastructure through stream restoration has transformed land use and urban structure in adjacent residential area. Secondly, there is the changes of the individual lot of land. It seemed that new development by combined lots would be concentrated in stream-side blocks. But, the changes of lots such as combining or dividing lots tend to be concentrated in stream-side, main road and main streets. In stream-side, commercial function of land use has changed to residential one which has restored streams landscape by transformation of lots use without changes of ownership-lots. Finally, there is the change of architecture. It turned out new building in adjacent residential area is similar to general development. However, new building in streamside is related to direction of stream. In addition, remodeling and expansion tend to change in commercial buildings on stream-side bridges of corner lots intensively. As a result, it is related to expectation of architectural activation and improvement of sidewalk environment by stream restoration.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.447-461
• /
• 2018

To realize river restoration that ecological characteristics of the river are reflected, we classified the river into four reaches of valley stream, upstream, midstream, and downstream based on substrate as well as riverbed gradient obtained from the relationship between distance from the river mouth, and above sea level. Considering that the rivers of Korea have been dominated by various and intense artificial interferences over a lengthy period, we determined cross sectional range of the river based on the geological map and clarified transformation degree by reach. Vegetation profile diagram was prepared by depicting horizontal range and vertical stratification of major vegetation appearing in a belt transect of 10 m breadth installed between weirs constructed in both sides of the river. Restoration models by river reach were prepared based on breadth of waterway, bare ground, herb, shrub, and tree dominated vegetation zones on vegetation profiles wherein a flooding regime was reflected. Species composition information collected from vegetation established in each zone was systematized to use for restoring each reach ecologically. Further, background that longitudinal reaches and horizontal zones were divided, was discussed by comparing with case studies in foreign countries. In addition, necessity of ecological restoration of the river was discussed based on degree of integrity of Korean rivers, ecological significance of riparian vegetation, and importance of reference information for ecological restoration of the river.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.131-138
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 지반함몰을 유발하는 지반 내 공동 긴급복구 재료에 대한 팽창 및 일축압축강도 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험결과를 바탕으로 주제-경화제 구성비와 주제 내 발포제-촉진제 배합비에 따른 팽창 및 강도특성을 분석하였다. 먼저, 경화시간-팽창률 관계를 분석한 결과, 주제에 포함된 발포제와 촉진제 배합조건에 상관없이, 경화제의 비율이 높으면, 경화시간을 단축하면서 팽창률을 감소시키는 것으로 평가되었다. 이는 주제-경화제 구성비가 팽창률에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 의미한다. 팽창재료의 강도특성을 분석한 결과, 발포제와 촉진제 배합비가 팽창재료 강도에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 긴급복구가 요구되는 경우, 공동의 크기 및 형태 등에 따라 팽창재료의 소요 주입시간, 팽창률 및 요구강도를 고려한 주제-경화제 구성비, 주제 내 발포제-촉진제 배합비의 적용이 필요함을 확인하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.619-624
• /
• 2005

Patency of the radial artery plays an important role in the survival of radial forearm fasciocutaneous free flap and artery conduit of coronary artery bypass graft procedure. Even though Allens' test has been used for evaluating the patency of radial artery, the studies on the correlations between risk factors for atherosclerosis and histopathologic findings of radial arteries are rare, until now. Therefore, the authors investigated the correlations between these two factors, and tried to estimate the feasibility of the radial artery in high-risk groups for artherosclerosis. The risk factors for atherosclerosis and lipid profiles were investigated in 38 patients by history taking, physical examinations and blood analysis. And 38 cases of segments of vessel were harvested during the elevation of the flap. The degrees of vessel medial sclerosis were estimated by R values(by Kobayashi and colleagues) that is the median value between the thickness of the intima and that of the media. The measured mean R value was $0.210{\pm}0.05$. Thirty one cases belonged to Grade I(R<0.25), 7 cases belong to Grade II(0.25

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.330-335
• /
• 2019

Background The use of anatomic implants has improved the aesthetic results of breast surgery; however, implant malrotation is an uncommon, but serious complication of these procedures. Nevertheless, little research has explored implant adhesion. In this study, we investigated adhesion between the expander and the capsule. Methods Seventy-nine cases of immediate breast reconstruction via two-stage implant-based reconstruction performed between September 2016 and November 2017 were evaluated. Mentor CPX4 expanders were used in 14 breasts, and Natrelle expanders in 65. We analyzed areas of adhesion on the surfaces of the tissue expanders when they were exchanged with permanent implants. We investigated whether adhesions occurred on the cephalic, caudal, anterior, and/or posterior surfaces of the expanders. Results Total adhesion occurred in 18 cases, non-adhesion in 15 cases, and partial adhesion in 46 cases. Of the non-adhesion cases, 80% (n=12) were with Mentor CPX4 expanders, while 94.4% (n=17) of the total adhesion cases were with Natrelle expanders. Of the partial adhesion cases, 90.7% involved the anterior-cephalic surface. The type of tissue expander showed a statistically significant relationship with the number of attachments in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (P<0.001) and with total drainage only in the univariate analysis (P=0.015). Conclusions We sought to identify the location(s) of adhesion after tissue expander insertion. The texture of the implant was a significant predictor of the success of adhesion, and partial adhesion was common. The anterior-cephalic surface showed the highest adhesion rate. Nevertheless, partial adhesion suffices to prevent unwanted rotation of the expander.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.5087-5094
• /
• 2016

mTOR, the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase which belongs to the phosphatidyl-linositol kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family. It has two complexes called mTORC1 and mTORC2. It is well established that mTOR plays important roles in cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. Over-activation of the mTOR pathway is considered to have a relationship with the development of many types of diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and ovarian cancer (OC). mTOR pathway inhibitors, such as rapamycin and its derivatives, can directly or indirectly treat or relieve the symptoms of patients suffering from PCOS or OC. Moreover, mTOR inhibitors in combination with other chemical-molecular agents may have extraordinary efficacy. This paper will discuss links between mTOR signaling and PCOS and OC, and explore the mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors in treating these two diseases, with conclusions regarding the most effective therapeutic approaches.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2009

현재까지의 치수대책이나 복구대책은 대부분 당해 연도의 지역별 피해액만을 기준으로 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 지역의 홍수 발생빈도와 홍수피해액 관계를 분석하면 지역의 홍수피해특성을 고려한 보다 합리적인 치수대책을 마련할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 점빈도 분석을 이용하여 과거 38년('70~'07)간의 전국 시군구별 홍수피해자료를 이용하여 무차원 홍수피해 발생빈도와 피해액간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 사분면적 해석방법을 도입하여 전국 시군구의 홍수피해 유형을 다빈도-대피해 지역, 다빈도-소피해 지역, 소빈도-대피해 지역, 소빈도-소피해 지역이라는 네 가지 유형으로 구분하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과를 활용하면 시군구별로 홍수피해액별 발생빈도와 발생빈도별 홍수피해액을 손쉽게 비교할 수 있기 때문에 지역의 치수방어년을 설정하는 데에도 많은 도움이 될 수 있다. 또한, 발생빈도별 홍수피해액을 산정할 수 있기 때문에 치수사업의 효과를 분석하거나 예측하기 위한 기초자료로도 충분히 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2003

In this study, we observed air temperature to make clear that land coverage condition and stand form has a certain relationship to air temperature during the night in various green space. And with revolution analysis, we interpreted relationship of air temperature distribution in the green space, The way of analysis is this land coverage rate and air temperature, of number of tree volume of tree air temperature. With this experimental result, we can propose green plan, which is taking into consideration lower effect of air temperature. In this result, lower zone is formed in forest and water area, higher zone is formed in paved surface and barren ground. but this gap is a little. arbor+subarbor area, in the point of water area surrounded stand is formed relative lower air temperature. As a result to make up efficiency lower air temperature area, it is needed to make water area which has surrounded forest, and it is needed to make stand form lower air temperature 2~3 layer forest. In order of arbor, subarbor, shrub, the lower air temperature is more effect.