• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.405-412
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how the self-image of nursing students can affect the perception of the nurse and to verify the moderating effect of self-regulatory efficacy on perception of the nurse and self image of nursing students. Methods: This study was carried out by 768 nursing students of 10 Universities from all parts of the country from June 18, 2012 to July 13, 2012. Data was analyzed by the SPSS (frequency, ANOVA, and hierarchial multiple regression analysis) program. The moderating effect of self-regulatory efficacy in the relationship between self-image and the nurse's perception of nursing students was measured. Results: The result of male students shows that self-regulatory efficacy affects the perception of the nurse. In the case of female students, their self-image and self-regulatory efficacy were statistically significant. In addition, the moderating effect of self-regulatory efficacy was statistically significant. Conclusions: Colleges of nursing are in need of providing chances to students to attend a class related to understanding how to encourage a positive self image. In addition, a positive self image can effect a nurse's identity. As the moderating effect of self-regulatory efficacy is proved to be effective, nursing students should request a way to achieve recognition with professionalism during nurse's training.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

Purpose - In recent years, many companies include franchises have acquire customers by making an online stores and they are carrying out permission marketing activities with e-mail and SMS. Permission marketing requires voluntary customer approval for receiving commercial messages such as cross-selling and upselling. Therefore, it is necessary for the business to induce the customer's acceptance. The purpose of this study is to examine which type of different messages can affect higher in consumer persuasion. Thus, we investigated the impact of descriptive norm message on intention of reception in an online store context, and its interaction with chronic regulatory focus. Research design, data, and methodology - This study hypothesized that the descriptive norm message would affect positive influences to consumers' intension of reception. Specially, this study inquired into whether the interaction effect between descriptive norm and regulatory focus. To verify the hypothesis, we conducted 2 × 2 between-subject factorial design with message type (general message and descriptive norm message) and regulatory focus(promotion focus and prevention focus) as independent variables. Participants of the experiment were assigned to one of 2 kind experimental situations randomly according to characteristics of message type. A total of 131 participants (descriptive norm message: 65, general message: 66) responded for this study. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and two-way ANOVA. Result - The results of the study are as follows. First, we found main effects of the descriptive norm message. The intention of reception were significantly higher in the descriptive norm message rather than general message as in previous researches. Second, interaction effect between the descriptive norm message and regulatory focus was significant. The prevention focus (vs. promotion focus) were hight in a positive behavior intention when the descriptive norm message was given. Conclusions - This study verifies the main effect and interaction effect of descriptive norm message and regulatory focus on the consumers' intention of reception in permission marketing, and persuasive message in the online store context. The results of this study will provide various advantages to companies that want to establish long lasting relationship with customers by carrying out permission marketing in the future.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.101-116
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• 2016

In this paper, we suggested a model that reflects the role played by the consumer's regulatory focus (promotion focus and prevention focus) as determinant factors of trust in the Web site. Also, we considered the moderating effects of consumers' purchasing experience toward online shopping. We conducted a two-month survey of 230 individuals using online shopping sites for hypotheses testing. The study results are summarized as follows. Firstly, promotion focused consumers showed higher trust to a web site compared to prevention focused consumers. Secondly, the moderating effect of purchasing experience between regulatory focus and consumer trust to a web site is statistically significant. The effect of a prevention focused consumers on consumer trust to a web site is stronger when purchasing experience toward online shopping is high compared to low. Based on these findings, this study presents practical and academic implications of the research.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 1986

On the cAMP content in isolated gastric glands from rabbit stomach, the effect of ginseng components (total saponin, diol saponin, triol saponin) with pepsinogen secretion regulatory agents (cholecystokinin, isoproterenol, carbachol, propranolol, atropine, DECAMP, DBcGMP) were studied in vitro. According to the results, ginseng components may have the effect of stimulation or inhibition on cAMP production, and both dial saponin and triol saponin may be reciprocal effect to pepsinogen secretion regulatory agents. It seemed that the ginseng components may have the normalization action to pepsinogen regulatory agents on cAMP content in isolated rabbit gastric glands.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-63
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• 2017

In the success of an IT project, the role of S/W developer in carrying out the project is critical and crucial. However, compared to its importance, there is only a few studies on the role of human resources in software engineering field, mainly focusing on technology. Based on regulatory focus theory, this study examines how the effect of technology recency on developer's intention to participate in the IT project changes depending on the regulatory focus of the software developer. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that there is a difference in the effect of technology recency on project participation intention according to the condition of developer's regulatory focus. This study is meaningful because it extends regulatory focus theory to software engineering field and made theoretical contribution to the research field of behavioral software engineering. In practical, it was possible to suggest a way to improve the intention of the developer to participate in the project, by understanding the software developer in the IT project, considering the software developer propensity and project characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of patient's psycological distress on social support in the view of patient's regulatory focus. Methods : For this study 300 questionnaires were distributed to medical institution, Busan from July 19 through August 4, 2010. The contents item divided the general characteristics, social support, psychological distress, and regulatory focus. The collected data were analyzed by t-test and multi-regression analysis. Results : The results show that patient's psychological distress is significantly influenced by physical therapist's emotional support and informational support. Also, there were difference with the effect of psychological distress on social supports in the physical therapists according to patient's regulatory focus. Conclusion : The instrumental support is more important to patient with promotion-focus than patient with prevention-focus. The implication of this research confirmed that physical therapist's social support plays important role in decreasing patient's psychological distress.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-53
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• 2013

In this paper, we look at the relationship between international trade and the rule of law, using the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index, which include index figures on human rights, limits on government powers, transparency and regulatory efficiency. Based on regression analyses using the rule of law index figures and international trade figures (merchandise trade, service trade, exports and imports as percentage of GDP,) international trade and basic human rights seem to have little relationship; but trade has a close positive relationship with strong order and security. Somewhat surprisingly, regulatory transparency and effective implementation seems to have little or no effect on international trade and vice versa. International trade shows a clear positive relationship with the country's criminal justice system, but the relationship with the civil justice system is not as clear as such. For regulatory implementation and civil justice, services trade positively affect these institutions, but these institutions in turn affect exports more strongly than services trade. Finally, the effect of trade on rule of law is stronger on a medium to long term (10-20 year) time horizon.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.261-279
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of regulatory focus on proactive behavior and to examine the mediating effect of work hope between superior's regulatory focus and subordinate's proactive behavior. In addition, the purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of interpersonal justice between regulatory focus and work hope, and the moderated mediating effect of work hope and interpersonal justice in the relationship between regulatory focus and proactive behavior. Design/methodology/approach - This study used data 255pairs(510people) collected from Public organizations such as gu office and private organizations that perform various tasks such as human resources, finance, accounting, marketing, and R&D. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and the multiple regression analysis were used in order to analyze the data. Findings - The result showed that promotion focus was positively related to proactive behavior. In addition, this study found that the relationship between promotion focus and proactive behavior was mediated by work hope. Regarding the moderating roles of perceived interpersonal justice, the results showed that perceived interpersonal justice significantly interacted with promotion focus in influencing work hope. Finally, the moderated mediation analysis showed that the indirect effect of promotion focus on proactive behavior through work hope was valid only for subordinates with high perceived interpersonal justice. Research implications or Originality - In order to increase proactive behavior, it is necessary to focus on promotion focus and to increase the positive psychology such as hope. In addition, it is necessary to increase perception of interpersonal justice.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.543-556
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• 2015

This study examined the influence of self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory modes on fashion product purchase intention. Initial research design dealt with differences of the resource depletion effect according to self-regulatory modes. The study used a 2 (self-regulatory resource depletion: depletion/non-depletion) ${\times}$ 2 (regulatory mode: assessment mode/locomotion mode) between-subjects factorial design. Second, the research design empirically analyzed the influence of self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode on the fashion product purchase intention by each product group divided by type and involvement of fashion product. The subjects for the initial research were 255 university students in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Daejeon. The subjects for the second research were 873 university students in Seoul and Daejeon. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package with reliability analysis, t -test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results were as follows. First, assessment-oriented consumers showed low purchase intentions about fashion products when self-regulatory resources were exhausted than when self-regulatory resource were not exhausted. Locomotion-oriented consumers, indicated no differences in purchase intention about fashion products regardless of self-regulatory resource depletion. Second, influences on purchase intention by self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode were different according to the fashion product group. The results of this study implied that strategies should be differentiated when establishing a fashion industry marketing strategy according to the self-regulatory resource depletion and self-regulatory mode of consumers.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.261-270
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• 2009

To make measurable regulatory decisions of chemicals, it is necessary to consider their effect on the human health and ecosystem. In principle, this is based on relevant toxicity studies conducted by accepted guidelines. However, current regulatory programs in various countries confront challenges related to risk assessment of large numbers of chemicals within the restricted resources and time. Therefore there is a need for more efficient approach to limit the number of tests to be conducted. This promotes the development of powerful nontesting methods (e.g. (Q)SARs) and permits to use the predicted data for regulatory purpose. In this article, current status of non-testing methods in various chemical regulatory programs was reviewed in terms of their application and research activity on them. Finally, their usefulness associated with development of domestic regulatory program was suggested.