• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제23권12호
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2023

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the features of state regulation of the labor market in a crisis. Structural shifts in the labor market are due to the transformation of public and economic relations in today's globalized world. Increasing competition, the development of the knowledge economy, information technology, changes in the content and forms of labor require updating the labor market regulation system. The research methodology implies the use of modern methods of analysis. The analysis of the features of state regulation of the labor market in crisis conditions is carried out.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2012

기반시설이 부족한 녹지지역 및 관리지역 농림지역 자연환경보전지역에서 난개발을 방지하고 환경을 보호하기 위하여 도입된 연접개발제한 제도는 이들 지역의 난개발 방지에는 기여하였지만 연접개발여부의 판단이 모호하고 소규모의 분산개발을 초래하거나 개발행위허가를 피해 산지전용허가를 통한 개발행위가 야기되는 등의 문제가 유발되어 폐지되기에 이르렀다. 그러나 난개발 방지를 위해 도시계획위원회의 심의를 받도록 하고 있으나 여전히 위원구성이나 재량권 남용 등의 문제를 안고 있으며, 녹지축 보전대책의 미흡, 공간정보체계의 활용 부족, 법률별 경관관리기준의 불일치, 그리고 물리적 환경규제의 획일화 등 여러 가지 문제들이 나타나고 있다. 따라서 심의제도 운영을 위한 개선방안으로, 도시계획위원회의 구성 및 기능재편과 전문분야 집중심의제 도입, 동일 녹지축 상의 지자체들의 경우 개발행위허가 통합조정위원회를 두어 녹지축 보전방안과 개발행위허가기준 마련, 도시계획정보시스템의 조기구축 및 활용, 개발행위허가 경관관리기준을 지역 실정에 맞게 세부적으로 구축, 개발행위허가 시 재량행위 최소화를 위해 경사도, 표고, 임목본수도 이외에 생태자연도와 국토환경성평가지도 등을 추가하여 개발행위허가 판단의 기초자료로 활용하는 방안 등을 제안하였다.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.17-31
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of parents' childhood attachment representations and parenting behavior in developing early childhood self-regulation, a developmental skill. Methods: This research was conducted with 171 preschoolers, 171 parent couples, and 22 teachers of 5-year-old classes in kindergartens and children's houses in Seoul. Results: First, there was significant correlation among parental childhood attachment representations, parenting behavior, and child self-regulation. Second, parental attachment representations and parenting behavior were shown to affect self-monitoring, a subvariable of self-regulation, and were influenced by maternal independence-oriented parenting behavior, maternal attachment representation, and parental attachment representation. As factors affecting self-control, a subvariable of self-regulation, they were influenced by maternal attachment representation, and maternal and paternal affectionate parenting behavior. Lastly, as factors affecting self-control, they were influenced by attachment representation to parents of origin, maternal affectionate parenting behavior, and maternal independence-oriented parenting behavior. Conclusion: This research revealed that parental childhood attachment representations and parenting behavior are important variables affecting the development of self-regulation in preschoolers. This finding can be used as basic data for parent education content to help preschoolers grow healthier and happier and as basic data for a program to improve parent-child attachment.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제59권1호
• /
• pp.40-46
• /
• 2015

The term "GMP" firstly came on the 1962 amendment of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act and the US FDA established and officially announced the Good Manufacturing Practice Regulation for the first time in the world in 1963. In 1969, the World Health Organization published the GMP regulation and recommended that member states adopt the GMP regulation and implement the "GMP Certification Scheme" for international commerce of finished pharmaceutical products. As a result, GMP requirements have become important ones that have to be complied with in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. The Korean GMP regulation was announced as the official notification by the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs in 1977. The KGMP regulation was voluntarily adopted by pharmaceutical companies at the early stage, but it had become mandatory. In addition, various kinds of GMP regulations have been established to cover active pharmaceutical ingredients, biological products and others, in addition to finished pharmaceutical products. Taking account of technological development and changes in the pharmaceutical environments, the KGMP regulation was fully amended and harmonized with GMP requirements of developed countries. In this way, the KGMP has developed to keep up with international trends and standards, leading to accession to the Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme (PIC/S).

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.277-295
• /
• 2007

This paper presents the ODR phenomenon with a specific focus on regulatory problems. It argues that the current regulatory framework for online dispute resolution is, to a large extent, defective. Existing deficiencies result not only from a lack of comprehensive ODR law, but also from the weakness of the other modalities of regulation : norms and market. The current today's approach to regulating ODR has been unsuccessful, and it is time to re-examine that position. I would like to say that suggesting details of the optimal ODR regulatory framework is beyond the scope of this paper. From a broader perspective, the field of ODR seems to be not sufficiently regulated. Neither by law, nor by the restrains set by other norms or market. Given the current weakness of the modalities of regulation, online dispute resolution requires greater institutional and international support. It appears that adoption of internationally harmonized ODR law would not hamper the development of norms and market, but rather support their proper growth. As a result, the co-regulation approach recommended in this paper is different from both traditional state-oriented models of regulation and self-regulatory systems. Arguably, this co-regulation approach is the optimal model for regulation of online dispute resolution under current circumstances.

• 한국보육지원학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.107-125
• /
• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of fathers' playfulness on their children's social competence and emotional regulation, and the moderating effects of the fathers' play participation level on the relationship between his playfulness and his child's social competence and emotional regulation. Methods: The participants in this study were 139 children and their fathers. The children were aged between four and five years old attending nine preschools in Seoul. The collected data was analyzed through Pearson's correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 21.0. Results: First, fun-loving fathers had a significant effect on the cooperation and sociability of their children. Second, fun-loving fathers had a significant effect on their children's emotional regulation. Third, fathers' play participation level moderated the relationship between them enjoying silliness and their children's sociability. Fourth, fathers' play participation level moderated the relationship between them being fun-loving and their children's emotional regulation. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study address the need for a high level of fathers' play participation in relation to the development of their children's social competence and emotional regulation.

• 한국보육지원학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.105-124
• /
• 2022

Objective: This study investigated the double mediating effects of maternal and paternal parenting stress and the regularity of children's daily routines in the association between maternal and paternal parenting time and children's self-regulation. Methods: A total of 235 preschool children aged 4-5 years and their mothers and fathers participated in the study. Parenting time, parenting stress, and children's self-regulation were assessed using both mothers' and fathers' reports, but the regularity of daily routines was assessed using mothers' reports only. The data was analyzed using SEM in Mplus 8.2. Results: Mothers' and fathers' parenting stress appeared to have cross-spousal mediated effects of their parenting time on children's self-regulation. Higher levels of mothers' and fathers' parenting time predicted higher levels of children's self-regulation through only a lower level of mothers' parenting stress and a higher level of the regularity of daily routines. Conclusion/Implications: Findings indicated that parents' parenting time played a significant protective factor in reducing parenting stress and increasing the regularity of daily routines among family members. This cross-spousal influence on parenting process can inform the development of prevention programs and parenting education to promote self-regulation skills among preschool children.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2010

The cold shock domain (CSD) is among the most ancient and well conserved nucleic acid binding domains from bacteria to higher animals and plants. The CSD facilitates binding to RNA, ssDNA and dsDNA and most functions attributed to cold shock domain proteins are mediated by this nucleic acid binding activity. In prokaryotes, cold shock domain proteins only contain a single CSD and are termed cold shock proteins (Csps). In animal model systems, various auxiliary domains are present in addition to the CSD and are commonly named Y-box proteins. Similar to animal CSPs, plant CSPs contain auxiliary C-terminal domains in addition to their N-terminal CSD. Cold shock domain proteins have been shown to play important roles in development and stress adaptation in wide variety of organisms. In this review, the structure, function and regulation of plant CSPs are compared and contrasted to the characteristics of bacterial and animal CSPs.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2022

Drosophila melanogaster lymph gland, the primary site of hematopoiesis, contains myeloid-like progenitor cells that differentiate into functional hemocytes in the circulation of pupae and adults. Fly hemocytes are dynamic and plastic, and they play diverse roles in the innate immune response and wound healing. Various hematopoietic regulators in the lymph gland ensure the developmental and functional balance between progenitors and mature blood cells. In addition, systemic factors, such as nutrient availability and sensory inputs, integrate environmental variabilities to synchronize the blood development in the lymph gland with larval growth, physiology, and immunity. This review examines the intrinsic and extrinsic factors determining the progenitor states during hemocyte development in the lymph gland and provides new insights for further studies that may extend the frontier of our collective knowledge on hematopoiesis and innate immunity.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2024

DNA methylation is one of the most extensively studied epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, known to play crucial roles in various organisms. It has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin changes, ranging from global alterations during cell state transitions to locus-specific modifications. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is produced by a major oxidation, from 5-methylcytosine (5mC), catalyzed by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, and is gradually being recognized for its significant role in genome regulation. With the development of state-of-the-art experimental techniques, it has become possible to detect and distinguish 5mC and 5hmC at base resolution. Various techniques have evolved, encompassing chemical and enzymatic approaches, as well as third-generation sequencing techniques. These advancements have paved the way for a thorough exploration of the role of 5hmC across a diverse array of cell types, from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to various differentiated cells. This review aims to comprehensively report on recent techniques and discuss the emerging roles of 5hmC.