• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of input coefficients which are usually estimated by various non-survey methods. The resulting analysis showed that there were considerable differences employed. One of the interesting findings was that the simple LQ method was shown to be better then the other non-survey methods with respect to the degree of accuracy. And from a sensitivity analysis which was to show the effect of changes in input coefficients on the level of production by industry, an increase of 10% in the value of input coefficient (machinary and equipment setor) resulted up to 500billion Won in GRP for the case region. Therfore one of the implications which we can derive from the resulting analysis is that it necessary to pay attention to the key coefficients first to save out time and money, while retaining a certain level of accuracy. One thing to be noted, however, is that the key coefficients but the total effects which are calculated through the Leontief inverse matrices. Therfore to enhance the accuracty of input coefficients estimated by nonsurvey methods it is required to handle the relevant setoral data more carefully or to employ semi-survey method in part.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.636-639
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• 2002

The extract of the root of Polygonum multiflorum exhibited a significant antioxidant activity assessed by the DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract yielded a stilbene glucoside, (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-Ο-$\beta$-d-glucopyranoside (1) as an active constituent responsible for the antioxidant property. Compound 1 demonstrated a moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$, 40 $\mu$M), while the corresponding deglucosylated stilbene 2 exhibited a much higher activity ($IC_{50}$, 0.38 $\mu$M).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2006

This article presents a case report of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) involving the ankle and foot; the bee-venom herbal acupuncture (BVH) was performed as part of a pain management program. An 46-year-old man presented with CRPS in the left lower extremity that was inadequately controlled with typical oral medication. Sympathetic block the extremity did not provide significant pain relief. However, BVH resulted in significant pain relief and improvement in patient's attitude. This case report showed that BVH may be efficacious in treating patients with CRPS. Further study is needed to determine the effects of BVH on symptoms related to CRPS.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.91-116
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• 2020

As a project appraisal tool, the preliminary feasibility study (PFS) has contributed to enhancing the efficiency of public investment decision-making in the Republic of Korea over the last two decades. To overcome the limitations of the efficiency-oriented cost-benefit analysis, the PFS accommodates equity concerns among regions, namely balanced regional development (BRD) analysis. This study attempts to gauge the contributions of BRD analysis to PFS results. Specifically, it addresses how effectively policy efforts to promote decision-making have been implemented in the PFS stage while also considering the balance between equity and efficiency in terms of the trade-off between them, the degree to which they influence the results, and whether the consideration of equity is in fact actually reflected in seriously underdeveloped regions as intended. The study finds that the PFS results over the last two decades have been largely in line with the background and policy objectives. Based on the findings of the study, needs for institutional improvement are suggested, including enhancements in the analysis of regional economic ripple effects and taking into account the psychological factors pertaining to the evaluators in the overall judgment.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.29-50
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• 2020

Although companies perform societal marketing activities across different cultural regions, previous research was predominantly centered on a specific cultural region-the West. To address this limitation in the literature, the current research examines societal marketing in the Chinese market considering cultural characteristics. China has become the largest market in the world with great potential growth for its vast consumer base. Since there is heterogeneity among regions in China, it is imperative to divide China into several markets for better understanding. Thus, this study investigates different responses of Chinese regional (coastal vs. inland) consumers toward Cause-related Marketing (CM). Our findings reveal that Chinese consumers, in general, prefer utilitarian CM products compared to hedonic CM products, which is the opposite result of findings of the previous research. Further, this was truer for consumers in inland regions, while coastal consumers did not display any preference by product type. The academic and practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.84-104
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• 2017

In this study, we divided Gyeonggi-do into Northern, Southern, Western, and Eastern Parts and found out fiscal variables which affected regional economic growth of each Part differentially. And we drew the strategy for economic growth of each Part. After we found out the variables which affected regional economic growth using fixed-effect model, we carried out causality test to determine whether a specific fiscal variable caused economic growth. In the Eastern Part, local tax revenues had a significant effect on the economic growth. Total expenditures, current expenditure in the Southern Part and social welfare expenditure, expenditure on industries, current expenditure in the Northern Part had noticeable effects on economic growth respectively. And we calculated multipliers of fiscal variables to compare the magnitudes of effects among these Parts.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.449-454
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• 2012

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of the plane of nutrition on growth performance and meat quality traits, especially marbling and PSE (pale, soft, and exudative), in finishing pigs. One hundred and four barrows and 102 gilts born to Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace dams and Duroc sires were randomly allocated to 16 pens at approximately 80-kg body weight, with 13 animals housed per pen except for two pens. Each eight pens received a diet containing either 3.4 Mcal ME/kg and 0.98% total lysine (high plane) or 3.1 Mcal ME/kg and 0.81% total lysine (medium plane). All animals were slaughtered at approximately 112 kg BW on an average, after which the Longissimus muscle (LM) was analyzed physicochemically. The ADG, ADFI, gain:feed as well as marbling score did not differ between the two dietary groups, whereas backfat thickness was greater in the high-plane group than in the medium-plane group (24.1 vs. 22.5 mm P<0.05). No LM exhibited PSE, i.e. $L^*$ (lightness) > 50, pH < 6.0 and drip loss > 5.0%, nor were these PSE-related variables influenced by the dietary treatment. Contents of crude protein and fat in LM did not differ between the two dietary groups. In conclusion, the present results suggest that growth performance and the occurrence of the PSE or 'watery' carcass are not influenced significantly by increasing the plane of nutrition in finishing pigs when the finisher is adequate nutritionally for supporting maximal lean growth. However, increasing the plane of nutrition is likely to result in an increase in fat deposition.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.22.1-22.7
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• 2014

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of two groups of sires with 'medium' and 'high' weight gain potentials (M-sires and H-sires, respectively) on growth of their progenies on varying planes of nutrition during the growing-finishing period. The ADG of the M-sires' progeny was greater (P < 0.05) than that of the H-sires' progeny (0.51 vs. 0.47 kg) during a 26- to 29-d early grower phase beginning from 55 d of age, but the opposite was true (0.66 vs. 0.72 kg) during the latter grower phase. Overall grower-phase ADG was greatest on the high plane of nutrition (H plane) followed by the medium (M) and low (L) planes (0.65, 0.61, and 0.51 kg, respectively; P < 0.05) in the M-sires' progeny, whereas in the H-sires' progeny, ADG was greater on the H and M planes vs. L plane (0.63, 0.62, and 0.54 kg, respectively). The ADG of pigs on the M or H plane during the grower phase and switched to the H plane thereafter (M-to-H or H-to-H planes) was greater than that of pigs on the L-to-L planes (0.99 vs. 0.78 kg) during the early finisher phase in the M-sires' progeny (P < 0.01). However, in the H-sires' progeny, ADG of pigs on the L-to-L planes did not differ from that of pigs on the M-to-M or H-to-M planes (0.94 vs. 0.96 kg). Results suggest that the H-to-H or H-to-M planes and M-to-M or M-to-L planes are optimal for maximal growth of the M- and H-sires' progenies, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1134-1138
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• 2007

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is an adenosine analog, isolated from Cordyceps militaris, and it has been used as an anticancer and anti-inflammation ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. We investigated the effects of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) on human platelet aggregation, which was induced by thapsigargin, a tumor promoter, and determined the cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}$ levels ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) (an aggregation-stimulating molecule) and cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) (an aggregation-inhibiting molecule). Cordycepin inhibited thapsigargin-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, and it clearly reduced the levels of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, which was increased by thapsigargin ($1\;{\mu}M$) or U46619 ($3\;{\mu}M$). Cordycepin also increased the thapsigargin-reduced cGMP levels. Accordingly, our data demonstrated that cordycepin may have a beneficial effect on platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic diseases through the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$-regulating system such as cGMP.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.199-228
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• 2011

In this study, the effect on the economy-energy-environment gap among regions of reducing GHGs is analyzed under various scenarios, using a multiregional dynamic CGE model. Regions in Korea are classified as six metropolitan areas. Scenarios are set in three cases such as self-regulatory measures, carbon tax and emissions trading scheme. The reduction target under each scenario is again classified according to volume basis and intensity basis. In results, self-regulation is shown to deepen the economic divide mostly, followed by a carbon tax, emissions trading scheme in order. This result could be interpreted such that a system based on market incentives gives less effect on the gap among regions. However, market incentives based system is expected to take time to build. Thus in implementing policies to increase short-term effects of the reduction targets, complementary policies are needed to reduce the regional devide.