• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.80-93
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• 2018

Research trend about nonpoint pollution source(NPS) that have studied since 1980 was divided into 4 categories: 1) runoff characteristics of NPS, 2) treatment technique, 3) LID and green infrastructure(GI), 4) management practices and policy. This study reviews them and recommends the future research direction. The research on runoff characteristics of NPS until 2010 was mainly carried out. But recently, many researchers has been conducting studies on technology development, effect evaluation and field application. Providing best measures on NPS should be tried to conduct studies that many fields such as society, geography, meteorology and environment are fused. But it has not been enough yet. Because the cause material and optimum measures of NPS are different from each other regionally, it is considered that it needs studies to prepare measures and guidelines with regional characteristics rather than a uniform measures and guidelines by the central government. In addition, more comprehensive studies must be carried out to establish rules and regulations to manage NPS not only by government sector but also the private sector.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.35-44
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• 2021

In recent times, several studies have been conducted focusing on crashes occurring on the main segment of the highway. However, there is a dearth of research dealing with traffic safety relating to other highway facilities, especially ramp areas. According to the Korea Expressway Corporation's Expressway Information Service, 6,717 crashes have occurred on ramps in the five years from 2015~2019, which accounts for about 15% of all highway accidents. In this study, the simple and full safety performance functions (SPFs) were evaluated and explored using different statistical distributions (i.e., Poisson Gamma (PG) and Poisson Inverse Gaussian (PIG)) and techniques (i.e., fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE)) to provide more accurate crash prediction models for highway ramp sections. Data on the geometric characteristics of traffic and roadways were collected from various systems and with extensive efforts using a street-view application. The results showed that the PIG models present more accurate crash predictions in general. The results also indicated that the RE models performed better than FE models for simple and full SPFs. The findings from this study offer transportation practitioners using the Korea Expressway Corporation's Expressway a dependable reference to enhance and understand traffic safety in ramp areas based on accurate crash prediction models and empirical evidence.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.133-153
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• 2013

This study was to estimate the economic value of Gaecheon Arts Festival in Jinju, Korea. To measure the value of the festival, improved travel cost measurement that applied new weight concept from the Travel Cost Measurement(TCM) proposed by Peares(1972) was used. The total value was evaluated to approximately 2,270.057 billion KRW. The result showed that travel cost items affecting on economic value of the festival were transportation, food and beverage, shopping, accommodation, amusement and entrance fee in order. The effect of accommodation due to the visitors' surplus was small, due to day trip participation trend??. Because accommodation, shopping and entrance fee, therefore, directly affect the regional economy, it is necessary for festival planning party to develop the program for tourist accommodation and so forth. Finally, this study will contribute to the development of local festivals through the more objective, clear comparison and measurement of economic value between local festivals using improved travel cost estimation method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.159-170
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• 2021

As the main purpose of R&D changes from the center of knowledge creation to the center of economic value creation through technology transfer and commercialization, public technologies can also secure economic feasibility as well as make a social contribution. Korea has been focusing on fostering core human resources who can lead the commercialization of basic and original research results by launching the 'Support project for exploring startups linked with public technology-based markets' since 2015 in order to promote public technology startup. This study is based on the results of a survey for the purpose of analyzing the performance of this project. In addition, this study derived four factors related to the I-corps project performance from the results of this survey and verified the relationship between these factors through structural equation model analysis. In summary, it was confirmed that 'Application Level' and 'Business Model,' which are positively affected directly from 'Entrepreneurship Learning,' have positive effects on 'Financial Resources'. Furthermore, the indirect effect of 'Entrepreneurship Learning' on 'Financial Resources' was verified. In particular, the high level of impact of 'Entrepreneurship Learning' on 'Application Level,' and the impact of 'Application Level' on 'Business Model' and 'Financial Resources' were also positive.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.53-60
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• 2017

Objectives : Collagen decrease of Skin appears through various path ways. One of causes may be the Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) that combine formation of glucose and protein. The aim of this study was to explore the prevent wrinkle formation of Paeoniae radix (PR) and heated Paeoniae radix (HPR) via AGEs path way. Methods : AGEs formation inhibitory activities of PR and HPR measured using bovine serum albumin, glucose, and fructose. To evaluate the protective effects of PR and HPR in diabetic rats induced with streptozotocin (STZ) and methyl glyoxal (MGO), SD rat were distributed into four groups. Normal rats (Nor), AGEs-induced rats (Con), AGEs-induced rats treated with 100 mg/kg PR(PR), AGEs-induced rats treated with 100 mg/kg HPR (HPR). To induce AGEs, streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally and after 3 days administrated 100mM methyl glyoxal for 3 weeks. Results : The oral administration of HPR inhibited AGEs in skin tissues compared with PR. The increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the serum were diminished by HPR treatment. The analyses of kidney and skin tissues proteins indicated that HPR treatment effectively reduced AGEs related protein levels as compared to that by PR treatment. Also, HPR decreased anti-oxidant related protein levels in skin tissues such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, it inhibited the reduction of COL1A2 by decreasing MMP-1. Conclusion : Based on these results, it was suggested that PR and HPR could have Improving effects on wrinkle formation. These evidences provide useful information for the development wrinkle formation treated agent.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6D
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• pp.711-717
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• 2009

This study develops model for analysis of relationship between major node (Interchange in expressway) and land price formation of apartments along with Seoul Belt Expressway by using CHAID analysis. The results show that first, regions(outer side: Gyeongido, inner side: Seoul) on the line of Seoul Belt Expressway are different and a graph generally show llinear relationships between land price and traffic node but it does not; second, CHAID analysis shows two different spatial distribution at the point of 2.6km in the outer side, but three different spatial distribution at the point of 1.4km and 3.8km in the inner side. In other words, traffic access does not necessarily guarantee high housing price since the graphs shows land price related to composite spatial distribution. This implies that residential environments (highway noise and regional discontinuity) and traffic accessibility cause mutual interaction to generate this phenomenon. Therefore, the highway IC landprice model will be beneficial for calculation of land price in New Town which constantly is being built along the highway.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.75-110
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• 2023

This paper aims at discussing the evolution of innovation theory from the beginning of the last century to present. Innovation theory has begun by Joseph Schumpeter in the beginning of the last century and his theory had not attained much attention compared to the mainstream economic theory. In the 1960s, some neo-classical economists analyzed the effect of technological change on economic growth and emphasized the role of demand in innovation process. However, in the beginning of the 1970s, Schumpeter's innovation theory, which emphasized the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in economic and social development, attained enormous attention by many liberal economists. They were called neo-Schumpeterians as they followed the theories and ideas of Schumpeter. In the middle of the 1980s, neo-Schumpeterians identified the concept of national innovation system(NIS), which is the total mobilization system of innovation resources for generating, appropriating and diffusing technological innovations. Soon this theory diffused very quickly at regional and sectoral level. As a result, there have been very active empirical studies on innovation systems in the world. Since the beginning of the 2000s the transition study have been actively carried out mainly in European countries. This study emphasizes the transition of existing innovation systems into more sustainable ones. In Korea we need to activate transition study, because there have been only few studies in this new theory.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.519-531
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the aspects and characteristics of educational innovation planned and implemented at the university site targeting universities in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam, and to explore their limitations and tasks. For this purpose, we analyzed the contents of innovation strategy programs among the plans of 17 universities in the national innovation support projects in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam area. First, the university innovation strategy was divided into input, process, infrastructure, and other factors, and among them, the process factor was divided into education, research, and industry-university cooperation to examine the aspects and characteristics of innovation. As a result of the study, the aspects of university innovation at universities in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam were analyzed in the areas of education, research, and industry-academia cooperation. Characteristics of innovation were emphasis on convergence education, competency development, smart system foundation, introduction of innovative teaching and learning techniques, consumer-centeredness, and regional linkage. The limitations and tasks of university innovation revealed through the research are as follows. First, a specialized university innovation business structure should be prepared in consideration of the context of local universities. Second, established strategies with high innovativeness must be implemented and sustained, and consensus among members is required for this. Third, the innovation of universities should not mean the centralization of academics, and the role and efforts of universities as a research institutions should be improved. Fourth, it should not be overlooked that more important than the visible innovation strategy of university innovation is the education innovation that occurs directly to students as a result of the education effect.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2010

The aim of the present study was to develop polyclonal antibodies to regional inedible adipocytes of pigs and investigate the effect of these antibodies on adipocytes in vitro. As antigens, abdominal and subcutaneous adipocyte PMPs from pigs were injected into sheep 3 times per 3 wk intervals for passive immunization, and non-immunized serum, antisera against abodominal (AAb) or subcutaneous adipocyte PMPs (SAb) were collected before and after the injections. Titers of the antisera obtained from sheep and their cross-reactivities with the heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and spleen of pig were determined by ELISA. Isolation and culture of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes from pigs were performed to analyze LDH concentration. At a 1:1,000 dilution, little antibody reactivity was observed for non-immunized serum whereas both AAb and SAb had relatively strong reactivity up to a dilution of 1:16,000. These findings may indicate that strong antibodies against adipocyte PMPs can be developed using an immunological approach. Extremely low reactivity of AAb and SAb was detected with the PMPs of the organs. Both antisera most strongly reacted with each adipocyte PMPs and showed statistically (p<0.05) higher cross-reactivities compared with the non-immunized serum. In conclusion, these results may indicate that the present polyclonal antibodies against regional inedible adipocyte PMPs are well developed and are safe against cross-reactivities with the organs of pigs. Further studies on the in vivo nutritional safety and fat reduction of these antibodies in pigs will be required fat-reduced high quality pork production.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.234-245
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• 2013

In order to examine the amount and rate of soil erosion on Ridge Traversing Trail in Jirisan National Park, a cross-sectional area of hiking trail were monitored at 16 sites in Nogodan - Samdobong section from November 2011 to April 2012. Although all sites demonstrates an enlarged cross-section of trail, the amount of soil erosion varies from site to site: 54.9 to $908.8cm^2$. It suggests that the erosional rate ranges from $0.1cm^2/day$ to $1.72cm^2/day$. The erosional amount is also varied with a trail type: $109.3cm^2$ for a shallow gully-like trail to $573.2cm^2$ for a unilateral trail. However, the cross-sectional change is larger on a sidewall than a tread irrespective of a trail type. The erosional amounts of November to April are smaller than that of May to October. In particular, the erosional amount of November 2011 to April 2012 is smaller than the depositional amount, implying a reduced cross-section of trail. Pipkrake action puts loose soil particles on a sidewall on March and April, and then rainwash due to a heavy rainfall takes them away after May. It seems to be the most predominant erosional process in Ridge Traversing Trail. A sidewall facing north shows a larger amount of erosion than a sidewall facing south. It also implies a difference in the development of a pipkrake according to an aspect. The small amount of erosion and cross-sectional decrease, which is usually observed on April, results from the combined effect of frost heaving, pipkrake action, a small rainfall and a temporary suspension of trampling. It is necessary to establish the monitoring system of trail erosion in terms of the management of hiking trail in a mountain national park.