• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2018

Many massively multiplayer online games(MMOG) use client-server architectures that have enormous server-side bandwidth requirements. In this paper, we propose a region-based hybrid game architecture that combines the advantages of client-server and peer-to-peer architectures, so that only critical events changing game state are processed by the server. In this hybrid architecture, the central server divides the game into regions and assigns a player as a regional server to distribute important updates for that region. Thus, the central server sends state updates to the players through the regional servers. All players in the same region directly exchange updates without affecting game state. This division of labor greatly reduces server bandwidth significantly and enables it to serve larger number of concurrent players. Our experiments show that the region-based hybrid architecture with three-level hierarchy scales better than the client-server architecture, saving considerable bandwidth at the central server while requiring enough bandwidth of players acting as regional servers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2013

As architecture has a role of vessel that contains human life, architecture of museums in a region must be a vessel that contains identity of the region. Jeju Province possesses excellent natural landscape acknowledged by the world. As such, architectural design of museums in Jeju region, differentiated in terms of natural, humanistic and cultural characteristics from other regions, must include identity of Jeju. Jeju has established and is operating so many museums with different themes that it is referred to as the heaven of museums. In addition, museums as cultural facilities must be the measure of cultural level representing regional identity and perform the role of advance guard that leads architectural culture of the region. Also, such excellent architectural asset is an important landscape element that increases value of the region. Based on Landscape Management Guideline established in 2009 by Jeju Special Self-governing Province under such critical mind, this study will support design problems and improvements of museums through case study and analysis on design characteristics of national and private museums in Jeju. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data to be pursued by future museums that contain identity of Jeju, based upon the results of analysis described above.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2009

A new possibility for helping regional residents to establish the identity based on the history, culture and environment of the region and harmonizing art and culture in daily life can be seen from eco-museum. Unique cultural inheritances for each region exist not only in our nation but everywhere around the world, and Cheonan region is continuously attracting tourists from other regions as a home of the Independence Hall, Yu Gwan Sun Memorial, and live branches of independent activists with important inheritances such as tourist attractions and national treasures. However, despite unique environment of the region and inheritances with high academic values, lack of basic guides and explanations place the region in an environment that is difficult to approach. The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate regional inheritances based on the concept of eco-museum as an alternative for such problem recognition and to examine problems of inheritances scarred around Cheonan region based on their current status. The author of this study aims to analyze the investigated regional inheritances, rearrange their values and suggest possibilities for continued preservation and utilization.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.38-48
• /
• 2008

This study examines the characteristics of the herbaceous vegetation structure of Haneul Park District in World Cup Park, which had previously been used as a landfill for 15 years. The survey was carried out through actual vegetation and vegetation structures from 2003 to 2006, biannually. Firstly, as a result of analysis of actual vegetation, the autumn season changed more quickly over the 2 year span than did the spring season in terms of actual vegetation area. Annual plants increased for the initial $3{\sim}4$ years and then perennial plants increased. Secondly, the results of analysis in vegetation structure are as follows: 1. The number of planted species gradually decreased. 2. Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens of the control region was maintained but Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii of the non-control region was invaded by Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Glycine soja and Phragmites communis etc. 3. Planted species in the control region were maintained in superior state, but the non-control region was changed by natural occurrence plants until 2006, the fourth year. 4. Physostegia virginiana and Aster koraiensis which were planted in the non-control region were maintained but most of planted species weakened and changed by natural occurrence plants including Erigeron annuus, Artemisia princeps, Setaria faberii and Phragmites communis etc. Based on the results, we suggested the management method of herbaceous vegetation in the Haneul Park District.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.210-226
• /
• 2013

Ever since the Arctic region has opened its mysterious passage to mankind, continuous attempts to take advantage of its fastest route across the region has been made. The Arctic region is still covered by thick ice and thus finding a feasible navigating route is essential for an economical voyage. To find the optimal route, it is necessary to establish an efficient transit model that enables us to simulate every possible route in advance. In this work, an enhanced algorithm to determine the optimal route in the Arctic region is introduced. A transit model based on the simulated sea ice and environmental data numerically modeled in the Arctic is developed. By integrating the simulated data into a transit model, further applications such as route simulation, cost estimation or hindcast can be easily performed. An interactive simulation system that determines the optimal Arctic route using the transit model is developed. The simulation of optimal routes is carried out and the validity of the results is discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.268-278
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we propose two novel detection schemes with low-complexity based on the unified receiver architecture which minimizes a fundamental tradeoff at rate-energy region in SWIPT system. The proposed detection schemes are twofold: The two-stage detection scheme and Euclidean distance combination detection scheme. The two-stage detection scheme detects amplitude information of symbols from rectified signals for energy harvesting. In the sequel, it detects symbols based on phase information of baseband signals for information decoding. The Euclidean distance combination detection scheme detects symbols using linear positive-weighted sum of two metrics: Euclidean distance based on baseband signals for information decoding and Euclidean distance based on rectified signals for energy harvesting. For numerical results, we confirm that the proposed detection scheme can achieve better performance than the conventional scheme in terms of symbol error rate, symbol success rate-energy region and achievable rate-energy region.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.16-31
• /
• 2008

The lifting-surface programs have been used successfully in practice for the design and global performance prediction of the marine propellers. To predict the pressures on the blade for the strength analysis, the constant panel method has been a good alternative. To meet the need for more accurate information on the pressure near the tip region and the trailing edge of the blade, the higher order panel method (HiPan, hereinafter) based on a B-spline is developed and now available. However, there is an increasing demand to get the highly reliable unsteady behavior of the pressure near the tip region by the HiPan. The ultimate goal of our efforts is to develop the fully unsteady higher order panel code for the propeller. In the present paper, we will show the numerical procedure applicable to unsteady problems of the three dimensional hydrofoil in a sinusoidal gust and heave motions.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2021

Cache bypassing schemes have been studied to remove unnecessary updating the data in cache blocks. Among them, a statistics-based cache bypassing method for asymmetric-access caches is one of the most efficient approach for non-voliatile memories and shows the lowest cache access latency. However, it is proposed under the condition of the normal cache system, so further study is required for the hybrid cache architecture. This paper proposes a novel cache bypassing scheme, called hybrid bypassing block selector. In the proposal, the new model is established considering the SRAM region and the non-volatile memory region separately. Based on the model, hybrid bypassing decision block is implemented. Experiments show that the hybrid bypassing decision block saves overall energy consumption by 21.5%.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.39-55
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to suggest improvement of certification standards of environment friendly architecture in ecological environment field by surveying and analyzing actual status of actual certification schools of environment friendly architecture per ecological environment elements through extracting ecological environment elements which is possible to analyze in quantity certification standards of environment friendly architecture. As contents of the study, first, certification as an examination on certification system of environment friendly architecture, summary of certification system of environment friendly architecture, ecological environment elements which is possible for quantitative analysis of ecological environment certification standards were extracted. Second, actual status of ecological environment elements per school grade, region, and population increase by collecting actual data of certification schools of environment friendly architecture. Third, using analysis data of ecological environment elements, ecological area ratio of certification schools of environment friendly architecture per weighted values of space types was calculated and the results were analyzed as the follows. (1) In case of preliminary certification out of total objects of investigation schools was average 34.06% but in this case of certification, it was reduced to 33.07%. However, it is difficult to make judgment as actual evidence data since ecological area ratio of actual preliminary certification is data based on drawing planes. Therefore, in case of this certification, elementary schools was investigated at average 33.11%, middle schools 34.81%, and high schools 31.28% and middle school showed the highest relatively. (2) Besides, average composition ratio of ecological area ratio was 63.04% in case of this certification regardless of school grade and region and it was analyzed that about 70% of ecological area ratio is composed of the natural based green area including pure natural based green land and 6.89% of ecological learning institute.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2003

The Study of Hansun(Traditional Fishing Boat of Korea) is based on Fishing Bost Investigation Report which began in 1921. The Report was completed in 1927 with the conclusion of Southern sea Region and Western sea Region studies which included the investigation of the entire region. Based on this report, this paper surveys Hansun's characteristics style of boat and performance. The First couple of chapters are possibility of combining type of Hansun and modern Sailing Boat. As a result we find out that the hull form of Hansun is very similar with that of modern sailing boats and is a good candidate for the mother ship to develop the modern sailing boats for Korean sea.