• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1213-1221
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• 2014

In the background of rapid urbanization and frequent earthquakes, earthquake disaster prevention planning has become an important topic of current research. Universities are irreplaceable disaster shelter, as they are public institutions with a lot of open space. This article puts forward the concept of "disaster prevention campus". With the refuge behavioral and psychological characteristics of people in the campus when the earthquake happens, it integrated uses GIS spatial analysis technique, takes Shandong Agricultural University as an example, and studies the spatial pattern of earthquake disaster prevention planning in campus from five aspects. The aspects include building distribution, population distribution, analysis of service radius, infrastructure configuration and choice of the optimal refuge path. On the basis of researches above, reform proposals and specific strategies are put forward to build the safe and harmonious disaster prevention campus.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2010

This paper aims at studying about spatial structures and formative characteristics of Lucy Orta's fashion design. Her works utilizes the thought related on the architectural space that has been revealed sharp change of the paradigm since the late of 20th century. Lucy Orta against individualism of the urban life, and manufactures portable and moving housing and multi-functional fashion that is paved with individual rest unit and give a sense of security through simple combination among the units. Besides, she has development multiple portable clothing and equipments for the rescuethrough exploiting pioneering high technology. The results of this study can be summarized as the following: 1) refuge habitant creates individual space for physical and mental protection from the urban surrounding, 2) nomadic dwelling shows multi-functional fashion space fit for digital nomads' life style aims at continuous movement, 3) connective nexus and urban life guard are comprise of detachable individual unit in public space for remaking of the bonds, affinity, and relationship, and the complex of rescue clothing and equipments for meeting a challenge of the threat about human existence from uncertain environmental change in the future.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find the complementary idea of the psychological elements in aesthetic expression of architectural space in the sense of healing. Marks $L\ddot{u}scher$, the swiss psychologist suggested reasonable categories of emotional character according to the couple combinations among Content, Self-Esteem, Confidence, and Liberty. His theory on healing is not only the concept but the practical method to understand and control the conflict between contrary elements of emotion. Compared to the Freud's objective theory of cause and consequence, his idea is focused on the subjective and autonomous harmony. This theory based on complementary idea is applied to psychological attitude of architects on Spatial Expression in this study. Refuge, Prospect, Flow and Void are assumed as equivalent spatial elements to the four major emotional conditions suggested by $M.L\ddot{u}scher$. The couple combinations among them also characterize the architectural characters definitely and it is expected to be the reasonable criteria in analysing aesthetic value and motive of creating human space.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and use change of the private space according to the balcony expansion and use it as the data of plan design. According to Bay, front length/width ratio and the change of balcony space before and after expansion of space organization of house units were analyzed. Common characteristics of Flat type and Tower type are an increase of the frontage length of house units in an apartment, an increase of the number of front bay, and an increase of integrated LDK focusing on living room. A difference is that Flat type shows high frontage ratio, Bay figure, and spatial arrangement favorable to front openness and lighting. Flat type shows higher area distribution than Tower type in LDK area distribution located in at the plane center. Spatial expandability and visual openness of Flat type are more beneficial than those of Tower type in the planning, and a balcony extension of house units has developed to direction to open more. Tower type creates various block images through a combination of house units focusing on the core. Uses after balcony expansion are area expansion of a balcony-neighboring room, storage space, expansion and function improvement of the variable range, and specialized space different from a neighboring room. In addition, there is no escapable space except for a shelter, so unit plan should be prepared to prevent using it other space of a shelter and to solve moving line of two-way horizontal refuge and vertical refuge.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2015년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.7-8
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• 2015

Analysis of evacuation routes for traditional buildings is important. In this study, we considered the evacuation routes using the probability of building collapse and analyzed the open space of traditional town. We considered evacuation routes from traditional houses to designated refuge places, and analysis the relationship of open space and evacuation routes.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of presenting spatial planning directions for evacuation spaces based on an analysis of the performance of horizontal evacuation during the early stages of fire incidents in a geriatric hospital. Methods: Based on a review of previous studies, the research model was designed by establishing occupancy conditions, evacuation, and fire scenarios. The analysis model was developed by considering vulnerable areas in terms of evacuation movement and analyzing the results of evacuation performance. Furthermore, the study analyzed the improvement in evacuation performance by arranging refuge areas. Results: The results of the study are as follows. Firstly, vulnerability spots were identified in terms of evacuation performance by schematizing Required Safe Egress Time, Available Safe Egress Time, and their differences. Secondly, the Required Safe Egress Time in the adjacent public spaces along the escape routes of occupants was found to be higher compared to the Available Safe Egress Time. Thirdly, the results of the correlation analysis between the difference in Available Safe Egress Time and Required Safe Egress Time during the early stages of a fire, as well as their constituent factors, demonstrated that user congestion is a more significant factor in compromising evacuation safety than the physical changes in the fire condition. Fourthly, the analysis of evacuation time was conducted by designating refuge areas where occupants can evacuate within a sufficient timeframe. This led to a decrease in the Required Safe Egress Time. Implications: This study is expected to be used as data on the direction of evacuation space planning to improve the evacuation performance of Geriatric Hospital.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1205-1208
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• 2006

Today, our city structure is being complicated from the development of industry. Invisible losses, life and fortune loss caused by arson is embossed in our society. The preparation of counter plan about increasing factors of fire damage is not easy. With respect to mankind life, however, it is very important. Therefore, the focus of this research examine refuge degree in each smoke density level when a fire break out in the space. I evaluated auditory guide facility thorough real scale test. In this thesis, I will propose the efficient refuge deriving facilities.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

범죄는 예방이 더 중요하다는 인식이 확산되면서 국내에도 범죄예방 환경설계 방법인 CPTED가 도입되어 다양한 공간에 적용되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 안전한 학교의 설계를 위해 CPTED의 근간이 되어준 '조망과 은신'의 이론의 개념과 적용방법을 고찰하고 이를 기반으로 초등학교의 공간을 분석하여 특성과 방법을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 사례연구의 대상은 최근 10년 이내에 완공된 해외의 중소규모 초등학교 가운데 창의적 발상이 돋보이는 6곳을 선정하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 조망의 공간특성은 구성의 입체성과 동선의 주목성으로 나눌 수 있었다. 구성의 입체성은 구조와 요소를 활용한 공간 입체성 그리고 파노라마와 전망의 시선 입체성의 설계방법으로 구현되고 있었다. 동선의 주목성은 형태, 재료, 색채를 활용하고 있었. 은신의 공간특성은 크게 매스의 분절과 공간 위요성으로 도출되었다. 매스의 분절성은 매스들의 관입, 적층, 병치, 중첩을 통해 선형, 중심형, 방사형, 그리드형, 클러스터형으로 재조합될 수 있으며 공간의 위요성은 크게 상부형과 측면형의 설계방법으로 구분되었다. 사례의 대상들이 국내의 사회적 여건이나 교육방식과 다른 점도 있지만, 초등학교 복합화와 개방화의 흐름 속에서 안전한 초등학교 건축을 위한 이론적 틀이자 설계방법에 대한 기초자료가 기대한다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

Purpose: Planning space of the house is important as a universal place to relieve stress of contemporary people. Void space is easy to perform mental and cultural programs in aspect of affording the healing behavior. The "Interface" accommodates healing behaviors through mutual interchange between void space and solid space as the edge of the solid space around void space. This study presents a efficient theory of healing space through combining space theory with the Kitwood's theory of psychiatry used for the art therapy. Methods: Spatial elements based on Kitwood's theory converges towards 2 behavioral elements; Meditation(-), Sense of Community(+). Balancing with reciprocal complement between behaviors of passive and stable "Meditation(-)" and active and released "Sense of Community(+)" was analysed. Results: "Faciliation" can be used in combination with "Flow(+)" as active factor. "Validation" is combined with "Prospect(+,-)", and divides into 2 factor ; "Recognition-Refreshment(-)", "Reaction-Social Exchange(+)". "Holding" is combined with "Refuge(-)" as passive factor. Implications: This study established concept of spatial healing elements in connection with theory of Psychiatry about Alzheimer that is extreme situation of stress. This study is expected to enhance the validity and efficiency in analysis of healing space.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2007

The concept and spatial composition of office have endlessly changed according to social trend. And according to social change, members of office, namely, concept of organization has been changed. Presently, our society finds and needs appearance of office suitable for our society. According to a concept of ecological environment and a concept laying stress on human, various trials have been performed but still, stress of salaried men is treated as social issue. By having connection between psychological healing theory of Max $L{\ddot{\bar{u}}}scher$ and spatial expression elements (content : refuge, self-esteem : prospect, confidence : flow, liberty : void) as a theory, we discussed possibility of aesthetic office landscape could be developed to a type of office which could control emotion that can be a cause of stress and we intended to examine limitation and possibility through case analysis.