• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.56-61
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• 2014

Standing in front of the huge benefits that shipping industry brings about in economy, politics and society of a country, many countries, especially the developing countries have strived hard to invest and develop their shipping industry (if any) by many methods such as economic reform act, tax allowance or even raising capital from domestic and foreign resources which seems very difficult to implement in the 21st century. According to analysis of A. Gerschenkron - a Russian economic historian at around 60 years ago, developing countries, who regarded shipping as an industry of strategic value with multi-dimensional affects for economic development, had utilized their backward advantages and imported modern technology, capital and skillful labor from more advanced countries in the course of fast industrialization in their countries. In fact, Gerschenkron model has applied in shipping industry of many backward countries. Korea's industrialization in shipping analyzed by Tae-Woo Lee (1996) could considered as a good example, in which the country makes use of policies on capital of tonnage finance, ideology, labor management in order to develop the industry. In this paper, the authors try to find the applicability of the Gerschenkron model to the shipping industry in developing countries, especially in Vietnam. And some questions which are necessary for the author's next paper about developing strategies to shipping industry in developing countries will be asked.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.69-74
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• 2013

This study aimed to review the expected changes in the medical educational environment and to evaluate approaches to coping with the abolition of the postgraduate intern training system. It is expected that after the intern training system is dismantled, postgraduate medical students will be deprived of the opportunity to practice opportunity for clinical practice and to inquire into their medical specialization. Therefore, major improvements in the clinical education curriculum must be made so that students can do so through the clinical education program. Offering students the opportunity to perform clinical practice through the clinical education program might require a revision in the laws and regulations on clinical education as well as the standardization of the clinical education curriculum in line with international practices. Reform measures to provide students the opportunity to inquire their specializations might be the introduction of a medical curriculum containing diverse fields and the establishment of a matching program to assign medical students to their residency programs after medical school. Finally, the fact that the basic concern of postgraduate medical education is the cultivation of primary care physicians must not be forgotten even after the dismantling of the postgraduate intern training system.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.79-105
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to understand children's viewpoints on their fathers from a phenomenological perspective. Sixty nine elementary school children (2nd and 5th grade) were asked to write poems about their fathers. Through the poems, they described their feelings towards their fathers in their own words. Results indicated that the most prominent and popular description for the father was in terms of the provider of the family. Because of the excessive emphasis on the provider role, fathers are very busy and tired, and can not Participate actively in their children's daily life. As a result, many fathers are in an on-looker position in their homes, and their children are spoiled. On the other hand, children described their fathers as warm, kind- hearted, respectable and great images that gave everything to their children. They liked and sincerely appreciated these aspects of their fathers. Because of the gap between the ideal image of the father and the actual provider image of the father, children experience conflict and a psychological deficit of a father. We believe that this problem will be improved through the fathers' own awareness of their role which pays more attention to our children's wellbeing and a reform of the existing social system.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.41-54
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find out what mathematical situation means, how to pose a meaningful situation and how situation-centered teaching could be done. The obtained informations will help learners to improve their math abilities. A survey was done to investigate teachers' perception on teaching-learning in mathematics by elementary teachers. The result showed that students had to find solutions of the textbook problems accurately in the math classes, calculated many problems for the class time and disliked mathematics. We define mathematical situation. It is artificially scene that emphasize the process of learners doing mathematizing from physical world to identical world. When teacher poses and expresses mathematical situation, learners know mathematical concepts through the process of mathematizing in the mathematical situation. Mathematical situation contains many concepts and happens in real life. Learners act with real things or models in the mathematical situation. Mathematical situation can be posed by 5 steps(learners' environment investigation step, mathematical knowledge investigation step, mathematical situation development step, adaption step and reflection step). Situation-centered teaching enhances mathematical connections, arises learners' interest and develops the ability of doing mathematics. Therefore teachers have to reform textbook based on connections of mathematics, other subject and real life, math curriculum, learners' level, learners' experience, learners' interest and so on.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.34-45
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• 2021

On February 18, 2019, the Chinese government officially released the Outline of the Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which will lead the country in a new round of reform and opening-up. The Greater Bay Area will become a dynamic world-class city cluster, an international scientific and technological innovation center with global influence, an important support for the development of the "One Belt And One Road", a demonstration area for in-depth cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong and Macao, and a high-quality living area for living, working and traveling. Non-Pearl River Delta(Non-PRD) cities in Guangdong Province are adjacent to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, so it is of practical significance to promote the high-quality development of urban tourism from an international perspective. Based on the panel data released in Guangdong Yearbook 2019, this paper uses the envelopment data analysis (DEA) method to explore ways to promote the high-quality tourism development of Non-PRD cities in Guangdong Province based on the perspective of international development.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.310-320
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of the retardation of administrative relief under the Special Act on Remedy for Damages Caused by Humidifier Disinfectant and to suggest the systematic refurbishment of this act for the quick and fair of relief of damages. Methods: This study was conducted through the application of the case study, literature review and systematic interpretation of law methods. Results: The disease subject to administrative relief under the Special Act is defined as health damage causally associated to a substantial degree with exposure to humidifier disinfectant. This definition is a strict requirement in light of the legislative purpose of prompt and fair relief of damages. Furthermore, the damage relief committee established under the Special Act judged causal relationships according to a rigorous standard in terms of medical certainty. This medical evidence-based judgment is a result of the committee's failure to understand the normative meaning and function of a causal relationship as an outcome of inference based on empirical rules and common sense. Conclusions: Humidifier disinfectant health damage should be defined as a health-related injury capable of occurring or deteriorating after exposure to humidifier disinfectant (HD). If the fact that a particular injury occurred or worsened after exposure to HD was found, then the damage can be presumed as being caused by HD. However, this might not be the case when the injury was considered to have occurred or been exacerbated entirely due to other factors.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.313-336
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• 2020

In this paper, I review evidence on changing global specialization in labor-intensive exporting. Production of apparel, footwear, furniture, and related products are how many low-income countries first enter export manufacturing. Just as China's rise as a powerhouse in these goods supplanted a role previously occupied by the East Asian Tigers, the world may again be on the cusp of significant change in where labor-intensive goods are produced. China's prowess in these sectors peaked in the early 2010s; its share in their global exports, while still substantial, is now in decline. Mechanisms through which the global economy may adjust to China's graduation into more technologically sophisticated activities include expanded labor-intensive export production in other emerging economies and labor-saving technological change in products currently heavily reliant on less-educated labor. Available evidence suggests that the first mechanism is operating slowly and the second hardly at all. As a third mechanism, China may in part replace itself by moving labor-heavy factories out of densely populated and expensive coastal cities and into the country's interior. Such a transition, though still in its infancy, would mirror the decentralization of manufacturing production in the U.S. and Europe, which occurred after World War II.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.7-35
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• 2021

This research is an attempt to understand the economic and social consequences that are occurring in Indonesia due to the spread of COVID-19. Indonesia, which has maintained solid economic growth since the inauguration of President Jokowi's government, is also experiencing difficulties to deal with unexpected COVID-19 pandemic as the global economic turmoil has had a very significant impact on its economy. The economic impact of COVID-19 can be felt, starting from the phenomenon of panic buying, the free fall of the stock price index, the depreciation of the Rupiah against the Dollar, sluggish activities in the processing industry, and ultimately it has an impact on slowing economic growth. Various policies and measures have been taken by the Indonesian government to minimize the negative impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. One such area is electronic commerce business or e-commerce that witnessed a vast increase of online and non-cash transaction amid rising voices that the country needs to prepare for the advent of a new economic system, the so-called New Normal era. The Covid-19 pandemic will temporarily slow economic growth and delay some development projects and policy initiatives as the Indonesian government diverts capital from infrastructure development to help respond to the crisis. However, the Jokowi administration's efforts for continuous reform are expected to accelerate the transition to the digital economy.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2022

Today's universities have a keen interest in educational reform. The issue of population decline in college-age due to population decline is not new. Universities have been developing quantitatively for a long time and are now considering ways to survive rather than qualitative growth. Since the sharp decline in the school-age population due to the population decline has no clear solution immediately, universities are overcoming this crisis by creating many alternatives. Attracting international students is one of them. In this study, the effectiveness of photovoice was examined through the analysis of the case of the Korean-Japanese convergence cartoon class. The photo-voice method has sufficient potential as a teaching method for foreign convergence classes and can be expected to play a role as a teaching method suitable for students participating in convergence classes with different social, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds. In particular, in the convergence class, since participating students generate research materials through photo production, it can be a tool for inner exploration necessary for webtoon production and a tool for narrative inquiry for storytelling. It is expected that expanding the understanding and use of photo voice will have the methodological value of convergence classes. In addition, the teaching method using photo voice produced in the composition of photos and stories is likely to be used as an appropriate tool for convergence classes for students with different social, cultural, and linguistic backgrounds.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.353-363
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• 2024

The incorporation of nanoplatelets in composite and polymeric materials represents a recent and innovative approach, holding substantial promise for diverse property enhancements. This study focuses on the application of nanocomposites in the production of sports equipment, particularly soccer balls, aiming to bridge the gap between theoretical advancements and practical implications. Addressing the longstanding challenge of suboptimal interaction between carbon nanofillers and epoxy resin in epoxy composites, this research pioneers inventive solutions. Furthermore, the investigation extends into unexplored territory, examining the integration of glass fiber/epoxy composites with nanoparticles. The incorporation of nanomaterials, specifically expanded graphite and graphene, at a concentration of 25.0% by weight in both the epoxy structure and the composite with glass fibers demonstrates a marked increase in impact resistance compared to their nanomaterial-free counterparts. The research transcends laboratory experiments to explore the practical applications of nanocomposites in the design and production of sports equipment, with a particular emphasis on soccer balls. Analytical techniques such as infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy are employed to scrutinize the surface chemical structure and morphology of the epoxy nanocomposites. Additionally, an in-depth examination of the thermal, mechanical, viscoelastic, and conductive properties of these materials is conducted. Noteworthy findings include the efficacy of surface modification of carbon nanotubes in preventing accumulation and enhancing their distribution within the epoxy matrix. This optimization results in improved interfacial interactions, heightened thermal stability, superior mechanical properties, and enhanced electrical conductivity in the nanocomposite.