• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of references in articles published in Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing. Methods: All references in articles from 2007 to 2009 were compared with PubMed for authors, years, titles, journals, volume, and page accuracy. Four hundred twenty six references were reviewed. Errors were classified either major or minor. Results: Overall rate of inaccurate reference was 46.5%. 34.5% were major errors and 18.8% were minor errors. Most common major errors occurred in the authors, whereas most common minor errors occurred in the titles. Conclusion: It is necessary that authors, reviewers, and editorial committees make more efforts to enhance the reference accuracy.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to show the need for the development of standard materials which can be used for flight training and pilot practical tests in the future. In this paper the flight training and evaluation references of flight training institutes certified by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation(MOCT) are compared with references of the international organization such as ICAO and FAA. As a result it is found that the flight schools certified by the MOCT have used different references for flight training and evaluation. Therefore, this study suggests creation and operation of an expert advisory group to develop new standards for flight training and evaluation, so called " Flight Training Manual", in Korea.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 신호처리소사이어티 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.65-68
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• 2003

In this paper, a speech recognition system using a speaker defendant algorithm is implemented on the PC. Results are loaded on a LDM display system that employs Intel StrongArm SA-1110. This research has completed so that this speech recognition system may correct its shortcomings. Sometimes a former system is operated by similar speech, not a same one. To input a vocalization is processed two times to solve mentioned defects. When references are creating, variable start-point and end-point are given to make efficient references. This references and new references are changed into feature parameter, LPC and MFCC. DTW is excuted using feature parameter. This security system will give user permission under fore execution have same result.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.323-344
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 새 천년과 함께 지식기반사회에서 한국의 서지학 연구 동향을 알아보기 위하여 가장 최근자료인 2000년과 2001년도에 서지학회에서 발간한 ${\ulcorner}서지학연구{\lrcorner}$ 19.20.21.22집에 재된 51편의 논문과 그 논문에서 인용한 1,321개의 인용문헌을 조사 분석하였다. 연구 변수는 논문의 주제와 저자관련사항, 참고문헌의 유형과 수, 학술지의 종류, 참고문헌의 발행국과 언어, 인용저자 사항 다섯 개의 분야로 나누어 조사하였다. 분석 결과에서 이전의 관련 연구들과 크게 두트러진 점은 나타나지 않았으나, 많이 다루어진 주제 분야, 인용문헌수, 인용된 문헌의 형태에서 다소 차이점은 보이고 있다. 따라서 아직은 서지학의 인문학적인 성격은 변화가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 서지학의 발전을 위하여 역사학 분야의 연구가 병행되어야 하며 인용분석 방법론 외에도 질적인 연구방법론도 병행되기를 제안한다. 또한 서지학 외의 문헌정보학 분야와의 교류 및 공통 연구가 필요하다고 본다.하다고 본다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2012

The trochanteric prominence angle test (TPAT) has been used to measure the femoral anteversion angle between the tibial crest and the vertical line. However, the exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest has not yet been identified in the literature. Thus, the purposes of this research were twofold: first, to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest (the proximal tibial crest, the proximal third of tibial crest, and the proximal half of tibial crest) and, second, to determine inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of the femoral anteversion angle measured at these three different anatomical references of the tibial crest during the TPAT. We recruited 14 healthy subjects, and a total of 28 legs were examined. The TPAT was measured using a digital inclinometer. A 1-way repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine reliability. The femoral anteversion angle measured at the proximal tibial crest was significantly higher than that at the proximal third of the tibial crest and the proximal half of the tibial crest. The inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of femoral anteversion angle were measured at three anatomic references of the tibial crest were all found to be high during the TPAT (ICC=.9 0~.98). In conclusion, clinicians should recognize that the different degrees of the femoral anteversion angle could be measured when different anatomical references of the tibial crest were used, and that reliabilities were high when an exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest was used during the TPAT.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.320-330
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• 2005

Purpose: This is for analyzing the recent citations from papers enrolled in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing and understanding correct marking of references. Method: Targeted 2,334 references in 93 articles introduced from Feb. 2002 to Dec. 2002 which are applied current contribution rules of the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. Result: 1. 25 references are quoted per article and particularly foreign journals are most frequently quoted. Among foreign journals, Nursing Research is most frequently used. The Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing is also mostly referred material among national journals. 2. The retrieval rate is prove to be 1,539(83.8%) and 267(11.7%) are without errors and the other 2,022 have at least more than one error regardless of frequency. 3. Major error rate of periodical publication is 484(36.8%) and most occurred in the inconsistency of titles between articles and references. 4. Foreign journals have much more errors than national ones concerning periodical publications. Conclusion: Correct citation and marking of references can be achieved through strict reviewing process by authors, editors, publishers and paper investigators. In consequence, it is expected that these processes can cause improvement of quality in impact factor and papers.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.336-340
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• 2010

플래시 저장장치는 컴퓨팅 시스템에서 휴대용 저장매체로 각광 받고 있다. 플래시 저장장치의 착탈성을 고려해 보면, 데이터의 무결성이 중요한 이슈로 부각된다. 본 연구는 데이터 무결성을 보장하려는 파일시스템 동작이 플래시 변환 계층(FTL) 기법들의 성능에 미치는 영향에 주목한다. 본 연구에서는 파일시스템이 데이터 무결성을 보장하기 위해서 발생시킨 잦은 쓰기 참조가 플래시 저장장치에 미치는 영향에 대해서 살펴본다. 또한, 비휘발성 램을 이용한 잦은 쓰기 참조의 흡수가 플래시 저장장치 내의 FTL 성능에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 실제 시스템 환경에서 실시된 성능 평가 결과는 잦은 쓰기 참조가 포함된 워크로드들에서 FTL 성능이 기존 연구에서 제시된 결과와 상이할 수 있음을 보여준다. 이와 더불어, 비휘발성 램을 이용하여 잦은 쓰기 참조를 흡수함으로써 FTL 기법들이 플래시 저장장치의 성능에 미치는 영향이 완화됨을 실험 결과를 통해서 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.157-172
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• 2014

Contemporary embedded systems often use NAND flash memory instead of hard disks as their swap space of virtual memory. Since the read/write characteristics of NAND flash memory are very different from those of hard disks, an efficient page replacement algorithm is needed for this environment. Our analysis shows that temporal locality is dominant in virtual memory references but that is not the case for write references, when the read and write references are monitored separately. Based on this observation, we present a new page replacement algorithm that uses different strategies for read and write operations in predicting the re-reference likelihood of pages. For read operations, only temporal locality is used; but for write operations, both write frequency and temporal locality are used. The algorithm logically partitions the memory space into read and write areas to keep track of their reference patterns precisely, and then dynamically adjusts their size based on their reference patterns and I/O costs. Without requiring any external parameter to tune, the proposed algorithm outperforms CLOCK, CAR, and CFLRU by 20%-66%. It also supports optimized implementations for virtual memory systems.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2023

최근 메모리 관리의 효율성을 높이기 위해 읽기 참조와 쓰기 참조의 기록을 별도로 활용하는 전략이 주목받고 있다. 이는 읽기/쓰기 시간이 비대칭적인 저장 매체의 출현과 읽기/쓰기 참조의 소프트웨어적 특성이 상이한 점을 반영하기 위해 필요한 전략이다. 한편, 기존의 연구들은 메모리 페이지에 읽기와 쓰기 중 어떤 참조가 발생했는지 운영체제가 구분할 수 있다는 가정을 하고 있으나, 대부분의 메모리 아키텍처는 이들을 구분할 수 있는 방안을 지원하지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 기존 연구와 달리 소프트웨어적인 방법으로 메모리 페이지에 발생하는 읽기 쓰기 참조의 특성을 반영하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 참조 비트와 수정 비트를 이용해 각 페이지의 읽기 및 쓰기 기록을 추정하며, 시뮬레이션을 통해 하드웨어적인 지원이 있는 기존 연구와 거의 유사한 효과가 있음을 보인다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제26권
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• pp.187-212
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• 1994

The present study examines the characteristics of the international literature of classification systems published in the period 1981-1990. The references in the 'Classification Literature' sections of International Classification and the references in these source items were examined. The present study focused on analyzing each of the following characteristics: format, subject, language, geographical origin, age, authorship and number of references. The findings from the data analyses show clearly that in the literature of classification systems, I) books were the most frequently cited format; 2) library and information science was the most frequently cited subject; 3) English was the major language; 4) the literature of each classification system was written predominently in English except for Library Bibliographic Classification; 5) the language of each source item was the same as that of the greatest number of references of that source item: 6) the U.S., Germany, India, Russia, and the U.K. were the major geographic origin of publication; 7) there was a very close relationship between country of publication and language: 8) the country of origin of the documents was cited more than any other country except for the U.S.: 9) Price's Index of the literature revealed that the literature was a soft science and the half-life of the literature was about 7.5 years; 10) there was a preponderance of single authorships; 11) the literature was not a scholarly or scientific literature, according to the average number of references in source items and the percentage of unreferenced items. The findings of this reference study provide a better understanding of the characteristics of the classification systems literature. They prove useful for the collection development and assist classification systems researchers to prepare linguistically for their careers and encourage international communication efforts.