• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.946-950
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• 2009

Chemical components and antioxidative activities of white ginseng, red ginseng and extruded white ginseng (EWG) were evaluated. Extrusion condition was 20% moisture content, 100 and $140^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature. The results showed that total sugar and acidic polysaccharide contents of white ginseng powder were increased after extrusion treatment of which EWG at $140^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature had higher value than EWG at $100^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature. Free radical scavenging activity of EWG at $140^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature was 80.2 and 45.6% respectively. The butanol fraction of polyphenolic compound and acidic polysaccharide were $27.2{\pm}0.1\;mg/g$ and $217.6{\pm}0.7\;mg/g$, respectively. The ginsenosides were quantified by HPLC and the yield of ginsenoside-Rg3s and Rg3r were achieved by extrusion process.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.4 s.44
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• pp.551-564
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• 1993

Since the widespread application of hyperbaric oxygenation in clinical medicine, the problems of oxygen toxicity have been attracting a deep interest from the researchers on hyperbaric medicine as a practical issue. Among extensive research trials, the study on the protective agents oxygen toxicity occupied one of the most challenging field. As the mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, the role of the oxygen free radicals produced by peroxidation process are strongly accepted by the leading researchers on oxygen toxicity, the probable protective effects of antioxidant against oxygen toxicity are sustaining a sufficient rational. Maltol ($2-methyl-3-hydroxy-{\gamma}-pyrone$) which is known to be a component of Korean red ginseng has been reporting to have an antioxidant action. But, further study is needed to provide definite evidence for this compound to be an antioxidant, since the action was based on the results which were obtained under in vitro experiment. In this study, the author attempted to evaluate the effect of maltol as protective agent against oxygen toxicity through the observation of death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion and microscopic pathological changes in some organs of experimental rats exposed to various conditions. The findings observed are as follows : 1) The death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion, lung/weight ratio and microscopic pathological finding of lung were identified as reliable objective and quantitative indices for oxygen toxicity. 2) Maltol showed excellent protective effect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity as an antioxidant.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.183-210
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• 1998

Cheonggisan(CGS) is well known for its effect on such allergic disease as urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Gagamcheonggisan(GCGS) was formulated by subtracting several herbs from CGS and adding several herbs to CGS. Even though it is being used frequently in the clinicai medicine for the treatment of above hypersensitivity diseases, basic study to make sure the mechanism of its action is rare. In this study the author tried to know the effect of CGS and GCGS on the vascular permeability, contact dermatitis, granular secretion from mast cells and function of macrophages. The results obtained in this study are as follows : 1. Administration of CGS and GCGS decreased the vascular permeability induced by serotonin and histamine. The decrease by serotonin is more typical and dose-dependent. 2. Administration of CGS and GCGS inhibited foot-pad and ear swelling responses induced by sheep red blood cells and picryl chloride respectively, the inhibition of foot-pad swelling responses is bigger than that of ear swelling responses and both of them are not dependent on the dose3. Treatment of peritoneal mast cells with CGS and GCGS water extract decreased the histamine release triggered by compound 48／80 in a dose dependent fashion 4. Administration of CGS and GCGS increased the phagocvtic activity of peritoneal macrophages and treatment of peritoneal macrophages with CGS activated phagocytic function in a dose dependent fashion. 5. Administration of CGS and GCGS enhanced such reactive oxygen intermediates(ROIs) as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production from peritoneal macrophages. 6. Treatment of CGS and GCGS activated peritoneal macrophages for the production of ROIs. The above results show that CGS and GCGS decreased the hypersensitivity reactions by inhibiting non-specific inflammatory mediator release and vascular permeability without affecting general immune responsiveness.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.427-431
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• 2006

From 51 monographs of case record in Qing Dynasty, we chose 29 monographs in which tongue diagnosis applied to Warm disease. Then extracted all the case records and got 488 cases from them. In according to the classification of tongue diagnosis in teaching material of TCM diagnosis of higher TCM schools education, we had a statistic analysis on the 488 cases. Results show that the recording rate of tongue coating was highest, 65.16%. From high to low sequentially, the frequency of different fur was yellow fur, white fur and black fur. During $1850{\sim}1911$ of Qing Dynasty, the description of tongue coating changed that the proportion of white fur, yellow fur and compound fur was increased. On the contrary, the proportion of black fur was decreased. The recording rate of the color of tongue was 23.16%, in which the rate of red tongue and crimson tongue were higher. The recording rate of fur character was 37.7%. During $1850{\sim}1911$ of Qing Dynasty, the recording rate of greasy fur was increased to the first. The application of tongue diagnosis involves the warm-heat species of Warm Disease, damp-heat species of Warm Disease and pestilence.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.125-130
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• 1999

Congenital myotonia is a hereditary disorder of the skeletal muscle. The most characteristic features of the disease are myotonia and variable muscular hypertrophy. Molecular biologic investigations have revealed that mutations in the gene of the human skeletal muscle chloride ion channel protein are a cause of the disease. The Becker's type congenial myotonia is clinically similar to the autosomal dominantly inherited congenital myotonia (Thomsen's disease). Both disorders are characterized electrophysiologically by increased excitability of muscle fibers. reflected in clinical myotonia. In general, Becker's type congenital myotonia is more severe than Thomsen's disease in muscular hypertrophy and weakness. The authors recently experienced a 25-year-old female patient who has no family-related disease history and who has conspicuous muscular hypertrophy and the stiffness with muscles which occurred from the age of 3 or 4. Clinically she showed the authors a percussion myotonia. On electrophysiological study, exercise and repetitive stimulation of the abductor digiti quinti muscle disclosed a decline in the compound muscle action potential. Biopsy of biceps muscle revealed enlargement of muscle fibers with marked nuclear internalization. After the oral taking the Mexiletine, the patient showed a favorable turn a little with her stiffness of muscles. So we authors are reporting one case of Becker's type congenital myotonia with review of literatures.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.809-814
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• 2003

${\beta}-amyloid$ ($A{\beta}$) peptides from the proteolytic processing of ${\beta}-amyloid$ precursor protein (${\beta}-APP$) aggregates in the brain to form senile plaques, and their aggregation plays a key role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To isolate an active compound that has an $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity, 2,000 microbial metabolite libraries were screened based on their ability to inhibit $A{\beta}$ aggregation by using both Congo red and thioflavin T assays. As a result, a water-soluble fraction of a soil microorganism, KK565, showed a potent $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity. The strain was identified as Streptomyces species, based on the cultural and morphological characteristics, the presence of diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, and the sugar patterns for the whole-cell extract. In addition, the purification of active principle resulted in identifying a heat-unstable protein responsible for the $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.224-231
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• 1982

${\alpha}-Tocopherol$ was found to be a fluorescent probe in determination of the phasetransition temperature of liposome. Since this was a discovery of a new aspect of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ as an important biochemical molecule, its molecular spectroscopic characterization was carried out in order to obtain some informations on its spectral and, structural properties in various media, anticipating that the compound may entertain a wide applications in biochemical systems as a spectroscopic probe. Two species of α${\alpha}-tocopherol$, monomer and dimer, were found to exist in organic media, especially in solvents of nonhydrogen bonding ability. Monomer with maximum UV-absorption around $(291{\sim}294nm)$ is highly fluorescent, while dimer which is formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonds and absorbes with spectral peak at 298nm is nonfluorescent. ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ incorporated to liposome exhibits emission property quite different from that in various organic media showing broad and red-shifted fluorescence excitation and emission spectra. This spectral abnormality is to be interpreted to arise from chromanolate-type ion, H-dissociated ${\alpha}-tocopherol$.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.114-121
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• 2018

This study developed a new yanggaeng(red bean sweet jelly) by adding Peucedanum japonicum powder from 5% to 20%. It has been evaluated its physicochemical, sensory characteristics and antioxidant activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Peucedanum japonicum powder was 40.53% and the total phenolic compound content was 13.36 mg/100 g. Moisture content of yanggaeng with Peucedanum japonicum powder added 5~15% was 50.24~48.32% significantly higher than in the control group(p<0.05). The hardness of yanggaeng was $2,748.25g/m^2$in control and the PY5 and PY10 were $4,012.05g/m^2$ and $4,019.40g/m^2$ respectively, significantly higher than control(p<0.05). However, when the amount of Peucedanum japonicum powder was increased by more than a certain rate, it decreased again, as $2,155.39g/m^2$ in PY20. As a result of the acceptance test of the yanggaeng, the flavor of yanggaeng with Peucedanum japonicum powder was evaluated significantly higher than control(p<0.05), but PY20 was 5.20 not significantly difference with PY10. The overall acceptance of the yanggaeng showed the lowest value of 4.00 in the control, PY15 showed significantly high value as 7.80(p<0.05). Compared with the control, the acceptance of samples with Peucedanum japonicum powder 5~15% was higher than that of control. It was concluded that 10% and 15% of the Peucedanum japonicum powder could be added for the development of the yanggaeng. According to the above study result, to enhance the utilization of Peucedanum japonicum for developing functional food would be possible, and a new yanggaeng product by adding Peucedanum japonicum would have good potential.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.717-729
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• 2019

The chemical informs about 70 individual phenolic compounds were constructed from various lettuce samples based on literature sources and analytical data. A total of 30 phenolic compounds including quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin 3-O-(6''-O- malonyl) glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-(6''-O-malonyl)glucoside, chlorogenic acid and chicoric acid as major components were identified in 6 lettuce samples from Korea using UPLC-DAD-QToF/MS on the basis of constructed library. Among these, quercetin 3,7-di-O-glucoside(m/z 627 [M+H]⁺), quercetin 3-O-(2''-O-malonyl)glucoside(morkotin C, m/z 551 [M+H]⁺), quercetin 3-O-(6''- O-malonyl)glucoside methyl ester(m/z 565 [M+H]⁺), 5-O-cis-p-coumaroylquinic acid(m/z 339 [M+H]⁺) and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester(m/z 369 [M+H]⁺) were newly confirmed from the lettuce samples. In total content of phenolic compounds, 4 red lettuce samples(2,947.7~7,535.6 mg/100 g, dry weight) showed higher than green lettuce(2,687.3 mg) and head lettuce(320.1 mg).

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.3 s.144
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• pp.301-307
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• 2006

A ligniolytic bacterial strain was isolated from the digestive tract of a red dragonfly, Sympetrum dopressiusculum. It was identified as a Serratia marcescens HY-5 by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical analysis. The isolated strain showed proportional increase of ligninolytic activity to the cell growth in the culture media which include lignin compounds. It showed about 25-45% decomposition of lignin compound by 48 hr incubation especially, showed effective decomposition of monomer lignin compounds, vanillin and guaiacol, and a dimer, dealkaline lignin. PCR amplification of 16S rDNA followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed high density of S. marcescens HY-5 in the gut of the S. depressiusculum at both gut samples which collected at different site.