• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

This study was carried out to develop new cultivars of Z. serrata showing red fall leaf as street trees. Z. serrata which had red fall leaves were selected and then examined for contents of leaf anthocyanin and chlorophyll. In addition, for the progeny test, selected trees were grafted. Of 21 trees having red autumn leaves, three individuals, 'S-6', 'S-20', and 'I-24' were finally selected. They contained higher level of anthocyanin in the leaves. Once developed, the red color remained till late autumn. Grafted plants of the selected strains showed high grafting efficiency and red foliage color in autumn. The soil pH of the survey sites ranged from 5.9 to 7.24. However, other soil characteristics did not show much difference among the sites with regard to inorganic nutrients including N(%), $P_2O_5$, CEC(mg/meq), $K^+$, $Ca^{3+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$, 'S-6', 'S-20', and 'I-24', clonal lines with red fall leaf were selected as new cultivars and propagates by grafting.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

The common algae and industrial waste, chlorella and red mud, were co-pyrolyzed in carbon dioxide condition to fabricate iron-biochar composite. In order to investigate the direct effect of chlorella and red mud in the syngas generation and the property of biochar, experiments were performed using mixture samples of chlorella and red mud. The evolution of flammable gasses (H₂, CH₄, CO) was monitored during pyrolysis. The produced biochar composite was employed as a catalyst for persulfate activation for methylene blue removal. BET analysis indicated that the iron-biochar composite mainly possessed meso- and macropores. The XRD analysis revealed that hematite (Fe₂O₃) contained in red mud was transformed to Fe₃O₄ during co-pyrolysis. The composite effectively activated persulfate and removed methylene blue. Among the composite samples, the composite fabricated from the mixture composed of 1:2 chlorella:red mud showed the best performance in syngas generation and methylene blue removal.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제17권
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• pp.7-13
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• 1999

고추의 뿌리에 서식하고 있는 근권미생물을 30여종 분리하여 고추 검은 곰팡이병원균 A. alteranta에 길항하는 미생물을 분리한 결과 분리주 No. J-24 균주가 가장 길항력이 우수하였으며 Bacillus subtilis로 동정되었다. B. subtilis J-24는 검은곰팡이병균(Alternaria alternata)에 대해서는 생육저지 효과가 99%로 나타났으며, 그외 갯빛곰팡이병균(Botrytis cinerea), 역병균(Phytophthora capsici), 잘록병균(Pythium ultimum), 탄저병균(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), 겹무늬병균(Stemphylium botryosum)에도 생육저지효과를 강하게 나타내었다. 고추 유묘의 생장활력은 미생물제제가 첨가된 상토가 일반 상토 보다 엽면적이 15%, 줄기길이가 12%, 뿌리길이가 12% 증가하였고 전체 건물중이 약 13% 증가하여 고추유묘의 생장활력이 증가되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.285-295
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• 1990

Floristic composition and soil properties were analyzed in red pine($Pinus densiflora$) communities in the limestone areas. Tanyang, Ch ungbuk Province in Korea. The tree layer was composed of $Juniperus rigida, Quercus dentata, Q. mongolica$ and others as well as $P. densiflora$, all of which also appeared in soils of grinite origin The shrub layer was dominated by $Q. dentata, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Securinega suffruticosa, Abelia coreana$ and $Uimus davidiana$ for $suberosa$. Among these $A. coreana$ and $U. davidiana$ for $suberosa$ belonged to calcicole plant. The herb layer dominated by $Carex lanceolata$. Soil pH ranged 7.9-8.3. Total nitrogen and available phosphorus content of the soil were lower than those of noncalcareous soils. However, exchangeable calcium and magnesium content were 10 times and 2~3 times greater than those of noncalcreous soils, respectively. The difference of soil texture between top soil(loam soil) and subsoil(sand soil), and higher soil organic matter content than noncalcareous red pine forest soils seemed related to the casts forming activities of earthworms.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2012

Plant growth-promoting effects of rhizobacterial inoculation obtained in pot experiments cannot always be dependably reproduced in fields. In this study, we investigated the effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Methylobacterium oryzae, which have displayed growth promoting effects in several pot experiments, on growth and fruit yield of red pepper under field condition in a plastic-film house. Four rows spaced 90 cm apart were prepared after application of compost ($10Mg\;ha^{-1}$), and red pepper seedlings (Capsicum annum L., Nocgwang) were transplanted in each row with 40-cm space. Experimental treatments were consisted of A. brasilense CW903 inoculation, M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation, and uninoculated control. Twelve plots, 10 plants per plot, were allotted to the three treatments with four replicates in a completely randomized design. At the time of transplanting, 50 mL of each inoculum ($1{\times}10^8cells\;mL^{-1}$) was introduced into root zone soil of each plant, and re-inoculated at 7 and 14 days after transplant. Plant growth and fruit yield were measured during the experiment. Both A. brasilense CW903 and M. oryzae CBMB20 could not promote growth of red pepper plants. All growth parameters measured were not significantly different among treatments. There were large variations in fruit yield recorded on plot basis, and no statistically significant differences were found among treatments. The failure to demonstrate the expected plant growth promoting effect of the inoculants is possibly due to various environmental factors, including weather and soil characteristics, reducing the possibility to express the potential of the inoculated bacterial strains.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.534-544
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• 2014

The effects of microbial iron reduction and oxidation on the immobilization and mobilization of copper were investigated in a high concentration of sulfate with synthesized Fe(III) minerals and red earth soils rich in amorphous Fe (hydr)oxides. Batch microcosm experiments showed that red earth soil inoculated with subsurface sediments had a faster Fe(III) bioreduction rate than pure amorphous Fe(III) minerals and resulted in quicker immobilization of Cu in the aqueous fraction. Coinciding with the decrease of aqueous Cu, $SO_4{^{2-}}$ in the inoculated red earth soil decreased acutely after incubation. The shift in the microbial community composite in the inoculated soil was analyzed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Results revealed the potential cooperative effect of microbial Fe(III) reduction and sulfate reduction on copper immobilization. After exposure to air for 144 h, more than 50% of the immobilized Cu was remobilized from the anaerobic matrices; aqueous sulfate increased significantly. Sequential extraction analysis demonstrated that the organic matter/sulfide-bound Cu increased by 52% after anaerobic incubation relative to the abiotic treatment but decreased by 32% after oxidation, indicating the generation and oxidation of Cu-sulfide coprecipitates in the inoculated red earth soil. These findings suggest that the immobilization of copper could be enhanced by mediating microbial Fe(III) reduction with sulfate reduction under anaerobic conditions. The findings have an important implication for bioremediation in Cu-contaminated and Fe-rich soils, especially in acid-mine-drainage-affected sites.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1022-1026
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• 2012

적겨자 유기농 재배를 위한 유기질비료 유박의 적정시용 기준을 마련하고자 시설하우스에서 유박비료를 질소성분량 $70kg\;ha^{-1}$ (ECF 100)을 기준으로 35 (ECF 50), 52.5 (ECF 75), 105 (ECF 150) kg $ha^{-1}$ 수준으로 처리하여 토양환경, 적겨자 생육 및 수량특성을 조사하였다. 시험 후 토양 pH는 유박 시용 전에 비해 낮아졌으며, 유박 시용량에 따른 pH는 5.7~5.9 범위로 차이는 없었다. EC는 $3.40{\sim}3.54dS\;m^{-1}$, 인산은 $580{\sim}618mg\;kg^{-1}$로 유박 시용량이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향이었으며, K, Ca, Mg 등의 양이온도 증가하였으나 유의성은 없었다. 호기성 세균과 방선균, Dehydrogenase 활성은 각각 $35.0{\sim}48.5{\times}10^6$, $15.2{\sim}19.3{\times}10^4$ CFU soil $g^{-1}$, $34.6{\sim}38.2mg\;kg^{-1}$ 범위이며, 사상균도 시용량에 따라 $37.2{\sim}39.5{\times}10^4$ CFU soil $g^{-1}$이었으나, 유의성은 없었다. 수확기 적겨자 잎의 T-N는 $63.2{\sim}66.4g\;kg^{-1}$, K는 $55.1{\sim}56.4g\;kg^{-1}$, Ca는 $8.6{\sim}9.5g\;kg^{-1}$, P는 $5.7{\sim}6.3g\;kg^{-1}$ 범위였다. 유박비료의 질소이용율은 38~52% 이었으며, 유박비료 시용량이 많을수록 질소이용율은 적어지는 경향이었다. 적겨자의 수량은 유박비료 시용량에 따라 $13,670{\sim}14,460kg\;ha^{-1}$ 범위로 유박비료 시용량이 증가해도 수량 증수는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 적겨자 재배시 최고 수량보다는 경제적이고 친환경적인 양분관리가 필요한데, ECF 50 ($924kg\;ha^{-1}$), 75 ($1,386kg\;ha^{-1}$) 시험구에 시용한 시용량 정도로 적겨자 재배시 유박비료 시용기준으로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.844-847
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• 2010

우리나라의 7지역을 대상으로 하여, 노지재배 고추의 조숙재배와 반촉성 재배의 경우 지역별 및 생육시기별 물요구량의 변화양상을 산정한 결과, 최근 30년간 기상자료 분석에 의한 고추 생육기간인 3월 중순~10월 중순의 일평균 PET는 2.65 mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 반촉성재배 노지 고추는 생육기간 전체 (3월 중순~10월 중순) 평균 일 물요구량이 2.3 mm $day^{-1}$으로 나타났으며, 전 생육기 누적 물요구량 (AWR)은 482.9 mm이었다. 또, 조숙재배 노지 고추는 생육기간 전체 (5월 상순~10월 중순) 평균 일 물요구량은 2.4 mm $day^{-1}$이었으며, 전 생육기 누적 물요구량 (AWR)은 374.9 mm이었다. 고추의 생육단계를 5단계로 나누어서 보면, 생육 중기 (S-3)단계에서 물요구량이 가장 많았다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.848-851
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• 2010

우리나라 7개 지역을 대상으로 하여 고추의 노지재배 조건과 시설재배 조건에서의 상대적 비율을 산정하고, 시설재배 조건에서 대기증발요구량과 고추의 생육시기별 작물계수를 추정함으로써 시설재배에서 고추의 생육시기별 물요구량을 산정한 결과 시설 재배 고추 생육기간인 12월 중순~6월 상순의 최근 30년간 일평균 PET는 2.47 mm $day^{-1}$이었으며, 시설재배 노지 고추의 생육기간 전체 (12월 중~6월 상순) 평균 일 물요구량은 2.4 mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 또한 전 생육기 누적 물요구량은 445.2 mm으로 나타났으며, 시설재배 고추의 생육단계를 4단계로 나누어서 보면, 생육 중기 (S-3)단계에서 물요구량이 가장 많았다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 1993

227 red yeast strains were isolated from air (60 isolates), plant flowers (45 isolates), soil (40 isolates), water (37 isolates) and dairy products (45 isolates). On the basis of 33 different physiological and morphological properties, the isolated strains were assigned to 6 species belonging to 4 genera. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus albidus were the most dominant species among red yeasts of the air, plant flowers, water and dairy products, whereas Cryptococcus albidus and Rhodotorula glutinis were prevailed in soil. Cryptococcus laurentii was represented by considerable number of strains, whereas the other spesies were of low occurrence. Noteworthy was the isolation of 2 different groups of isolates belonging to Rhodotorula glutinis. These groups were differentiated from each other on the basis of rhamnose, cellobiose and arabinitol assimilation and growth at $37^{\circ}C$. Systematic position of Rhodotorula glutinis was discussed.