• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.463-468
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• 2013

The level of nitrous oxide ($N_2O$), a long-lived greenhouse gas, in atmosphere has increased mainly due to anthropogenic source, especially application of nitrogen fertilizers. Quantifying $N_2O$ emission from agricultural field is essential to develop national inventories of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. The objective of the study was to develop emission factor to estimate direct $N_2O$ emission from agricultural field in Gangwon-do, Korea by measuring $N_2O$ emissions from potato (Solanum tuberosum), red pepper (Capsicum annum L.), and Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) cultivation lands from 2009 to 2012. Accumulated $N_2O$ emission was $1.48{\pm}0.25kg$ $N_2O-N\;ha^{-1}$ for red pepper, $1.27{\pm}0.27kg$ $N_2O-N\;ha^{-1}$ for potato, $1.49{\pm}0.06kg$ $N_2O-N\;ha^{-1}$ for Chinese cabbage cultivated in spring, and $1.14{\pm}0.22kg$ $N_2O-N\;ha^{-1}$ for fall Chinese cabbage. Emission factor of $N_2O$ calculated from accumulated $N_2O$ emission, nitrogen fertilization rate, and background $N_2O$ emission was $0.0051{\pm}0.0016kg$ $N_2O-N\;ha^{-1}$ N for cropland in Gangwon province. More extensive study is deserved to be conducted to develop $N_2O$ emission factor for upland crops in Korea through examining the emission factors from various regions and crops because $N_2O$ emission is influenced by many factors including climate characteristics, soil properties, and agricultural practices.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2007

We conducted research to determine the effects of forest tending works (FTW) on forest carbon (C) storage in Korean red pine forests by estimating changes in the quantity and distribution of stored organic C in an approximately 40-year-old red pine stand after FTW. We measured organic C storage (above- and belowground biomass C, forest floor C, and soil C at 50 cm depth) in the Hwangmaesan Soopkakkugi model forest in Sancheonggun, Gyeongsangnam-do before and after the forest was thinned from a density of 908 trees/ha to 367 trees/ha. The total C stored in tree biomass was 69.5 Mg C/ha before FTW and 38.6 Mg C/ha after FTW. The change in total C storage in tree biomass primarily resulted from the loss of 19.9 Mg C/ha stored in stem biomass after FTW. The total C pool in this red pine stand was 276 Mg C/ha before FTW and 245.1 Mg C/ha after FTW. Prior to FTW, 71.5% of the total C pool was stored in mineral soil, 25.2% in tree biomass, and 3.3% in the forest floor, where as after FTW 80.5% of the total C pool was stored in mineral soil, 15.7% in tree biomass and 3.7% in the forest floor. These results suggest that the development of site-specific tending techniques may be required to minimize the loss of tree biomass C storage capacity in red pine stands from FTW.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.182-186
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• 2013

In this study, we examined the chemical properties and microbial community characteristics in 25 controlled horticultural soils (CHS) sampled from Gyeongnam Province by fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) method. The electrical conductivity of watermelon CHS was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of red pepper CHS, pumpkin CHS, and strawberry CHS. The amounts of total FAMEs, total bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and fungi were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in red pepper CHS than those in strawberry CHS and pumpkin CHS. In addition, higher (p < 0.05) ratios of cy19:0 to $18:1{\omega}7c$ were detected in tomato CHS than those in watermelon CHS, pumpkin CHS, and red pepper CHS. This implied that microbial communities of tomato CHS were stressed more than other species of cultivation soils. Actinomycetes community in red pepper CHS was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in tomato CHS, strawberry CHS, and watermelon CHS. Differences in soil microbial community composition were highly associated with cultivated crop species which might result from the management inputs such as fertilizer, herbicide, and irrigation.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 동계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.479-484
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• 2000

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2014

홍고추 생산을 위해 논 시설재배지의 토양화학성을 개선하고 생산성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 고추 정식 전에 규산질비료를 0, 100, 200, 300 kg/10a를 처리하였다. $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$는 토양검정에 의해 밑거름으로 질소 50%, 인산 100%, 칼리 60%을 시비한 후, 천하대세 품종을 $120{\times}45cm$ 간격으로 정식하고, 웃거름은 1, 2, 4차 수확 후 3회에 나누어 질소와 칼리를 시비하였다. 최종 5차 수확기에 조사한 토양 pH, 유효인산, 치환성 $Ca^{2+}$은 규산질비료 처리량에 따라 증가하였고, EC는 감소하였다. 유기물함량은 대조구보다 높았고, 치환성 $K^+$은 100과 200 kg/10a, $Mg^{2+}$는 300 kg/10a 처리구에서 높았다. 규산질비료가 정식 60일까지 지상부 생육에 미치는 영향은 적었다. 고추 1차 수확기 잎에 함유되어 있는 N과 P는 규산질비료 처리량과 반비례 관계였고, K. Ca, Mg은 300 kg/10a 처리구에서 가장 많았다. 홍고추 수량은 대조구에 비해 규산질비료 처리구에서 9.0~11.8% 증가하였고, 200 kg/10a 처리구에서 상품과율이 97.3%로 가장 높았고, 비상품과는 105 kg, FW/10a 수준으로 가장 낮았다. 규산질비료 시비량과 건고추수량의 관계식($Y=-0.0022X^2+0.827X+645.7$, $R^2=0.9838$)에 따른 최고수량은 723.4 kg/10a, 이때 규산질비료 시비량은 187.9 kg/10a 이었다. 이상의 결과에서 보는 바와 같이 답전윤환 시설재배지에 규산질비료를 밑거름으로 사용하면 토양화학성이 개선되고, 비상품과 수량이 감소하고 생산량이 증가하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.208-215
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• 2013

3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid (HPP)는 곤충 병원 세균인 Xenorhabdus nematophila K1의 대사산물이다. 이 물질의 고추의 역병과 탄저병에 대한 방제가능성을 평가하였다. HPP는 역병균과 탄저병균의 균사생장을 현저하게 억제하였다. 이 항균력은 자연 태양광 아래에서 25일이상 유지되었으며, 토양수 내에서도 상실되지 않았다. HPP의 고추 뿌리를 통한 식물체 내 침투 및 상향이행성이 입증되었다. HPP 현탁액을 고추의 근권토양에 관주하고 지상부에 10일 간격으로 살포하였을 때, 약해 발생 없이 역병과 탄저병 발생이 크게 감소되었다. 이러한 결과는 HPP를 고추 역병 및 탄저병 방제를 위한 침투성농약으로 개발할 가능성이 있음을 의미한다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 1987

요소(尿素), DAP, 증화가리(增化加里)를 주재료(主材料)로, 분뇨잔사(糞尿殘渣)와 Zeolzte를 부재료(副材料)로 활용(活用)하여 제조(製造)한 고추전용복비(專用複肥)인 시제품(試製品) I II를 비닐멀칭재배(栽培)로 비효시험(肥效試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 가. 고추의 초장(草長)과 간경(幹徑)은 시제품(試製品)II구(區)가 대조구(對照區) (NPK분시구(分施區))에 비해 좋았다. 나. 고추의 총적과수량(總赤果收量)은 시제품(試製品)II구(區)가 가장 증수(增收) 하였으나 대조구(對照區)에 비해 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 다. 개발(開發)된 시제품(試製品)은 비닐멀칭조건에서 고추재배(栽培)를 위한 전량기비용비료(全量基肥用肥料)로서 가능(可能)하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Rhizosphere bacteria may improve plant growth and productivity both by supply nutrients and hormonal stimulation. Although many experiments have shown improvements in plant growth with inoculation of bacterial cultures to the rhizosphere, the main obstacle in the applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in a large scale is the inconsistency of the results. We tested the growth promoting effects of Azospirillum and Methylobacterium strains on red pepper plant. METHODS AND RESULTS: Red pepper seedlings were grown for 25 days in a growth media inoculated with A. brasilense CW903 or M. oryzae CBMB20. The seedlings were transplanted and grown for 45 days in pots with soil in a greenhouse, at half the recommended level of fertilizer. Bacterial culture, $4.0{\times}10^9$ for A. brasilense CW903 and $5.8{\times}10^8$ CFU for M. oryzae CBMB20, was applied in root zone soil periodically every 10 days during the experiment. Inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 significantly increased the red pepper plant growth in terms of leaf number, height and mass of shoot, or root mass compared to uninoculated control plants. Although beneficial effects of A. brasilense on plant growth of many crops were observed, the growthpromoting effect of A. brasilense CW903 on red pepper plant was not found in this study. CONCLUSION(s): The factors responsible for the irregularities in plant growth promoting of rhizobacteria are difficult to elucidate. Extensive inoculation experiments in the greenhouse and in the field should enable us to define the factors critical to obtain successful application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2013

The present study was conducted to investigate the adsorption potential of red mud for fluoride removal. Different operation parameters such as the effect of contact time, initial concentration, pH, competing anions, seawater, adsorbent dose amount, and adsorbent mixture were studied. Nearly 3 hr was required to reach sorption equilibrium. Equilibrium sorption data were described well by Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity of red mud was 5.28 mg/g. The fluoride adsorption at pH 3 was higher than in the pH range 5-9. The presence of anions such as sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, and bicarbonate had no significant effect on fluoride adsorption onto red mud. The fluoride removal by red mud was greater in seawater than deionized water, resulting from the presence of calcium and magnesium ion in seawater. The use of red mud alone was more effective for the removal of fluoride than mixing red mud with other industrial waste such as oyster shells, lime stone, and steel slag. This study showed that red mud has a potential application in the remediation of fluoride contaminated soil and groundwater.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.90-95
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• 2001

During the study of microbial structures in root-regions of tomato and red pepper from fields, various soil-inhabiting fungi were isolated with the dilution plate technique. Among them an ascomycete, Emericellopsis mirabilis and three hyphomycetes, Gliocladium solani, Humicola veronae and Verticillium chlamydosporium are presented for the first time in Korea along with Talaromyces trachyspermus, Chaetomium globosum and Doratomyces microsporus.