• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.153-167
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• 1995

Recycling is receiving increasing social attention today as our nation begins to grapple with the significant problems caused by huge amount of municipal solid waste. The topic of recycling is not simple but extremely complicated. This study attempts to provide basic data and policy options for expanding and improving separated collection and recycling in public residential areas, through three case study of apartment housing areas in Taegu Metropolitan City. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. For the significant period of time, all three case areas had in common the extreme difficulty in establishing and operating the system of connecting public participation, collection and storage, transportation, and actual recycling of materials because of a variety of problems involved in this process. Both amounts of and prices for collected materials fluctuated considerably over time mainly due to monthly changes in recyclable home materials and the dynamic nature of recycling markets. Public questionnaire survey revealed the very high level of participation in separated collection, not only because almost all respondents well understood the necessity and importance of recycling, but because they also knew how to do separated collection. But overall activities were rated low and most respondents suggested the enlargement of public participation, the improvement of collection and storage facilities, and collection transportation networks. In particular, most respondents had little experience of using recycled Products and used mainly reproduced soap and bathroom tissue. Furthermore, they were considerably unsatisfied with low variety and quality of recycled products, their high prices and low availability in the market. Finally potential policy options and activities for improving separated collection and recycling are suggested.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.59-64
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• 2001

On July 5, 1997, environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan publicized the recycling regulation of waste home appliances that include four items, namely, television, refrigerator, washing machine, and air conditioner. It is believed that this regulation pioneers the law enforcement of waste home appliances in the world. To comply with tile policy, several contemporary waste disposal plants specialized in waste home appliances were established according to a follow-up technical specification oil the waste treatment facilities and methodology. Therefore, the traditional dismantling facilities were substituted and waste collection routes were altered as well accordingly. This study investigates the collection and recycling costs of waste home appliances in accordance with these newly established routes and facilities, respectively. Cost survey was conducted among collectors and recycling plants of waste home appliances; consequently, tire collection and recycling costs were analyzed, correspondingly. Results show that the recycling costs of waste home appliances were much higher than that of other waste items. Since the market share of recycled materials is lacking, these waste recycling plants of home appliances can only survive under the subsidy of EPA in Taiwan. Due to some arduous problems, the subsidiary system has already caused serious financial unbalance for a foundation under EPA of Taiwan, which associated with waste recycling in Taiwan.

• 산업공학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2007

When the electrical appliances such as TVs and refrigerators become obsolete, they must be collected to the recycling centers to avoid environmental damages. The obsolete home appliances are first moved to the regional collection point; and then transported to one of the recycling centers. Each recycling center has a limited capacity; and some recycling centers can process only certain types of products. For given locations of the existing collection points and recycling centers, optimally assigning the obsolete home appliances of each type from each collection point to the recycling centers can significantly reduce the total transportation cost. We formulate this problem as an LP problem. We also present an approach to determine the locations of additional recycling centers in order to alleviate the over-utilization of the current recycling centers.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2015

본 연구는 기저귀 재활용을 정책적으로 도입하고자 할 때 최적의 수거방안을 마련하고자 어린이집이 밀집된 지방자치단체와 수거 시범사업을 수행함으로써 수거에 따른 문제점을 파악하고 개선점을 도출해 보고자 하였다. 모니터링 결과 배출방식에 대한 명확한 안내와 배출량에 대한 면밀한 분석이 필요하고 언론홍보를 통한 기저귀 재활용의 중요성에 대한 교육적 역할이 중요하다는 점이 도출되었다. 또한 시범사업 참여자에게 인센티브 제공이 필요하며, 수거 인프라 관련 비용은 공공영역에서 부담해야 한다고 생각하고 있었다. 수거 비용 관련해서 본 시범운영에서는 기저귀 수거만 전문으로 할 수 있는 여건이 형성되지 않았기 때문에 경제성이 있는 수거비용이 산출되지 않았으나 향후 본 제도를 활성화하기 위해 수도권으로 확대할 경우 주 2회 빈도에 고효율 수집차량을 운행하면서 수거율 50% 수준의 수거모델을 운영한다면, 현행 음식물 쓰레기 처리비용 수준이하의 수거 비용을 확보하여 경제적 측면에서 효율적일 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 충분한 수거량 확보를 통한 안정적인 수거모델 구축과 함께 재활용 기술 개발이 진행된다면 기저귀 재활용을 통한 지속가능한 사회 구축에 한발 더 근접할 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2024

Due to the increase in population and consequently the increase in the production of plastic waste, recovery of this part of the waste is an undeniable necessity. On the other hand, the recycling of plastic waste, if it is placed in a systematic process and controlled, can be effective in creating jobs and maintaining environmental health. Waste collection in many large cities has become a major problem due to lack of proper planning with increasing waste from population accumulation and changing consumption patterns. Today, waste management is no longer limited to waste collection, but waste collection is one of the important areas of its management, i.e. training, segregation, collection, recycling and processing. In this study, a systematic method based on machine vision for sorting plastic bottles in different colors for recycling purposes will be proposed. In this method, image classification and segmentation techniques were presented to improve the performance of plastic bottle classification. Evaluation of the proposed method and comparison with previous works showed the proper performance of this method.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2017

본 연구는 기저귀 재활용을 정책적으로 도입 시 최적의 수거방안을 마련하고자 해외 사례조사를 통해 국내 실정에 맞는 적절한 방안을 제안하고, 실제 수거에서 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 파악하고자 시민들 대상으로 인식조사를 실시하여 사회적 수용도를 높일 수 있는 방안에 대해 조사하였다. 조사 결과 시민들은 경제적 부담 및 위생문제 해결을 위한 방안 마련이 중요하다고 인식하고 있었고, 주거지 근처 전용 수거함에 전용봉투를 통한 주 2회 수거 빈도가 적절하다고 응답하였다. 현행 폐기물관리법 상 재활용 대상이 되는 생활폐기물의 경우 지자체 단위로 업체와 개별 계약을 통해 수거되고 있기 때문에 사용 후 기저귀 역시 현행 방식과 동일하게 지자체 수거 위탁 시스템을 활용하여 자원회수시설에서 최종 처리하는 방안이 적절할 것으로 보인다. 이러한 관점에서 지자체 연계를 통한 시범사업을 가정하고 최적의 지자체를 선정하는 방안을 위해 여러 대안을 제시하였다. 향후 기저귀 재활용을 전 사회적으로 도입할 때 본 연구 조사결과를 통해 도출된 수거방식을 고려하여 인구밀집 지역을 대상으로 시범사업을 기획, 설계하여 운영한다면 보다 경제성이 확보된 결과를 도출할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

이 논문은 폐기물의 전략적 원류관리와 재활용률 향상에 기여하는 것이 목적이며 이를 위한 기술정보의 분석 도출과 개선방안 제시에 중점을 둔다. 특히 인센티브 기반의 폐기물 재활용 시스템, RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)를 이용한 폐기물 자동수거 관리시스템, 폐기물 정보관리시스템 중심으로 관련기술동향과 국내외 특허, 해외연구사례를 분석한다. 논문은 기술, 정책, 연구동향, 검토분석, 결론으로 구성된다.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.248-274
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• 2015

This study discusses a contract to promote collection and recycling of used products in a green supply chain (GSC). A collection incentive contract is combined with a reward-penalty contract. The collection incentive contract for used products is made between a retailer and a manufacturer. The reward-penalty contract for recycling used products is made between a manufacturer and an external institution. A retailer pays an incentive for collecting used products from customers and delivers them to a manufacturer with a product order quantity under uncertainty in product demand. A manufacturer remanufactures products using recyclable parts with acceptable quality levels and covers a part of the retailer's incentive from the recycled parts by sharing the reward from an external institution. Product demand information is assumed as (i) the distribution is known (ii) mean and variance are known. Besides, the optimal decisions for product quantity, collection incentive of used products and lower limit of quality level for recyclable parts under decentralized integrated GSCs. The analysis numerically investigates how (1) contract for recycling activity, (ii) product demand information and (iii) quality of recyclable parts affect the optimal operation for each GSC. Supply chain coordination to shift IGSC is discussed by adopting Nash Bargaining solution.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.19-23
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• 2001

In addition to landfilling and incineration, waste minimization and recycling have become priorities in Taiwan's municipal waste management strategies over the past 10 years. Major recycling initiatives being implemented in Taiwan include producer responsibility, "pay-as-you-throw, " and mandatory sorting provisions. Currently, the producer responsibility regime established under the Waste Disposal Act and administered by the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) requires that manufacturers or importers of listed items, including containers, batteries. cars, motorcycles ("scooters"), tires, oil, televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, computers, and printers, pay recycling fees to government recycling funds. EPA then uses the recycling funds to subsidize collection and recycling. The 2001 recycling fund budget totals NT$57 billion (NT$35 = US$l). Under the producer responsibility regime, EPA-designated retailers ("sellers") must accept end-of-life items returned to them by the consumers. At the local level, Taipei City implements a pay-as-you-throw program, whereby citizens pay waste collection and treatment fees through the purchase of special trash bags approved by the Taipei City Government. However. recyclables that are separated by citizens are collected free-of-charge by the City. Taichung City and Kaohsiung City, on the other hand, enforce mandatory sorting schemes, whereby citizens face penalties if they don't separate recyclables from the trash before pick-up. These programs have resulted in a significant reduction in municipal waste. Per capita waste collected per day has dropped from 1.143 kg in 1997 to 0.978 kg in 2000. Targeting a 10% recycling rate for municipal waste in 2001. EPA plans to research and develop new recycling techniques, expand the scope of producer responsibilities, and strengthen existing municipal recyclable collection programs. To this end, among other initiatives, EPA has prepared a draft "Resource Recycling and Reuse Act" that would complement the existing producer responsibility programs by incorporating into the current recycling framework the concept of product life-cycle management.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

It is widely known that agricultural plastic waste incineration by farmers may cause big forest fire or fine dust in rural areas. Hence, how to increase the rate of collection and recycling of the agricultural plastic waste is of concern to policy makers especially for rural environment. The purpose of this study is to find the determinants of the collection rate of agricultural plastic waste. This study used the data from 'Research on Agricultural Waste' by the Korea Environment Corporation from year 2012 to 2015 for 163 regions. This study found that the compensation rate for collection, the frequency of collecting services, and the quality of waste are important to increase the collection rate. And the regions with more elderly and low income people are more likely to have higher collection rate. Finally, the chief producing regions that are specialized in a certain crop shows higher collection rate.