• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.81 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2018

Acute exacerbation(s) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) tend to be critical and debilitating events leading to poorer outcomes in relation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment modalities, and contribute to a higher and earlier mortality rate in COPD patients. Besides pro-active preventative measures intended to obviate acquisition of AECOPD, early recovery from severe AECOPD is an important issue in determining the long-term prognosis of patients diagnosed with COPD. Updated GOLD guidelines and recently published American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society clinical recommendations emphasize the importance of use of pharmacologic treatment including bronchodilators, systemic steroids and/or antibiotics. As a non-pharmacologic strategy to combat the effects of AECOPD, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is recommended as the treatment of choice as this therapy is thought to be most effective in reducing intubation risk in patients diagnosed with AECOPD with acute respiratory failure. Recently, a few adjunctive modalities, including NIV with helmet and helium-oxygen mixture, have been tried in cases of AECOPD with respiratory failure. As yet, insufficient documentation exists to permit recommendation of this therapy without qualification. Although there are too few findings, as yet, to allow for regular andr routine application of those modalities in AECOPD, there is anecdotal evidence to indicate both mechanical and physiological benefits connected with this therapy. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy is another supportive strategy which serves to improve the symptoms of hypoxic respiratory failure. The therapy also produced improvement in ventilatory variables, and it may be successfully applied in cases of hypercapnic respiratory failure. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal has been successfully attempted in cases of adult respiratory distress syndrome, with protective hypercapnic ventilatory strategy. Nowadays, it is reported that it was also effective in reducing intubation in AECOPD with hypercapnic respiratory failure. Despite the apparent need for more supporting evidence, efforts to improve efficacy of NIV have continued unabated. It is anticipated that these efforts will, over time, serve toprogressively decrease the risk of intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation in cases of AECOPD with acute respiratory failure.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compared with the properties of commercial polyvinyl siloxane impression materials on the Korean product and the other country one. The materials used in this study were 5 hydrophilic polvinyly siloxane impression materials of light body automixing type (Perfect-F, Handae Chemical, Korea; Examix, GC, Japan; Contrast, VOCO, Germany; Express, 3M, U.S.A; Extrude, Kerr, U.S.A.). Specimens of each impression material were fabricated from a mold with dimensions identical to that specified in ASTM D624-91 and were subjected to tensile lode at 500 mm/min until failure for tear strength. Properties of consistency, strain in compression, recovery from deformation, detail reproduction and linear dimensional change were tested according to the testing methods of the ISO specification no.4823(1992). From this study, the follow ing results were obtained 1. The tear strength values were high ET(3.4kN/m), EP(3.4kN/m), PF(3.0kN/m), CT(3.0kN/m), but the lowest was EM(2.2kN/m)(p<0.05). 2. In the consistency, CT(47 mm) had the highest value, followed by PF(42.1 mm), ET(41.2 mm), and EM(39.6 mm), EP(39.2 mm)(p<0.05). It means more flow that the consistency value is high. 3. The strain in compression values were high followed by EM(5.8%), PF(52%), CT(4.6%), ET(4.1%), EP(2.9%)(p<0.05). 4. In the recovery from deformation, ET(99.95%) and PF(99.90%) had the highest value, followed by EP(99.75%), EM(99.74%) without statistical signification, CT(99.64%) had the lowest value(p<0.05). 5. Detail reproduction reappeared to line $20{\mu}m$ all products. 6. The linear dimensional change was a little shrinked all products. and there were not statistical signification (p>0.05). All products were satisfied the ISO specification.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1120-1133
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to validate the failure attribution factors affecting emotional changes after a failed service by local restaurant users, and the relapse effects of the perceived failure of a customer's brand relationship. In this study, the implications of this study can be divided into the null theory and the homogenous theory, in which the study of the relationship between individual belief that influences the null theory and the post-gender emotional response is minimal. The independence of the crash response (angerous VS compassion) has been equally validated as building a belief-gathering-emotion three-step model. First, emotional BRQ (intimate and love) has a reduction effect on controllable geeks, and behavioral BRQ (relative existence) has an extended effect on controllable geeks. From a management perspective, restaurant managers should be less aware of the repeatability of a customer's service failure and call for customer sympathy. Integratedly, restaurant managers must control the customer's perception of service failure and restore the impact of the customer's BRQ on emotional reactions. A variety of service recovery measures should be established and the cerumen should be controlled. In addition, since BRQs have different effects on anger and sympathy (extended VS), different service failure recovery plans should be presented depending on the characteristics of the customer BRQ. For example, measures such as monetary compensation or fair dealing, emotional distribution to close and loving customers, and persuasion of reciprocal benefits to interdependent customers should be developed according to circumstances. This study explored the effectiveness of the geeks after a service failure and has limitations that do not take into account the various regulatory factors in the BRQ-return-Empression process. Thus, in further studies, the effects of adjusting service failure strength should be considered and a more complete model should be built.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.205-214
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• 2012

The main thing that IT operation managers consider is protecting assets of corporation from system failure and disaster. Therefore, this research proposed a backup system for a disaster recovery. Previous backup method is that if database update occurs, this record is saved in redo log, and if the size of record file is over than expected, this file is saved in archive log in order. Thus, it is possible to occur errors of data loss from the process of data backup which change in real time while changes of database occur. Suggested backup system is back redo log up to database of transaction log in real time, and back a record that can be omitted from previous backup method up to archive log. When recover the data, it is possible to recover redo log in real time online, and it minimizes data loss. Also, throughout multi thread processing method data recovery is performed and it is designed that system performance is improved. To verify stability of backup system CPN(Coloured Petri Net) is introduced, and each step of backup system is displayed in diagram form, and th e stability is verified based on the definition and theorem of CPN.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.4023-4043
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• 2016

Network virtualization has been regarded as a core attribute of the Future Internet. In a network virtualization environment (NVE), multiple heterogeneous virtual networks can coexist on a shared substrate network. Thus, a substrate network failure may affect multiple virtual networks. In this case, it is increasingly critical to provide survivability for the virtual networks against the substrate network failures. Previous research focused on mechanisms that ensure the resilience of the virtual network. However, the resource efficiency is still important to make the mapping scheme practical. In this paper, we study the survivable virtual network embedding mechanisms against substrate link and node failure from the perspective of improving the resource efficiency. For substrate link survivability, we propose a load-balancing and re-configuration strategy to improve the acceptance ratio and bandwidth utilization ratio. For substrate node survivability, we develop a minimum cost heuristic based on a divided network model and a backup resource cost model, which can both satisfy the location constraints of virtual node and increase the sharing degree of the backup resources. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the solutions. The proposed load balancing and re-configuration strategy for substrate link survivability outperforms other approaches in terms of acceptance ratio and bandwidth utilization ratio. And the proposed minimum cost heuristic for substrate node survivability gets a good performance in term of acceptance ratio.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.567-576
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• 2017

Structural failures are undesirable events that devastate the construction industry resulting in loss of life, injury, huge property loss, and also affect the economy of the region. Roof truss failures occur mainly due to excessive loading, improper fabrication, deterioration, inadequate repair, etc. Although very rare, a roof truss may even fail due to inappropriate location of supports. One such case was reported from the recent failure of a steel roof truss used in an indoor stadium at Kargil in India. Kargil region, being mountainous in nature, receives heavy snowfall and hence the steel roof trusses are designed for heavy snow loads. Due to inappropriate support location, the indoor stadium's steel roof truss had failed under heavy snow load for which it was designed and became an interesting structural engineering problem. The failure observed was primarily in terms of yielding of the bottom chord under the supports, leading to partial collapse of the roof truss. This paper summarizes the results of laboratory tests and analytical studies that focused on the validation of the proposed remedial measure for rehabilitating this distressed steel roof truss. The study presents the evaluation of (i) significant reduction in strength and stiffness of the distressed truss resulting in its failure, (ii) desired recovery in both strength and stiffness of the rectified truss contributed by the proposed remedial measure. Three types of models i.e., ideal truss model, as build truss model and rectified truss model were fabricated and tested under monotonic loading. The structural configuration and support condition varied in all the three models to represent the ideal truss, distressed truss and the rectified truss. To verify the accuracy of the experimental results, an analytical study was carried out and the results of this analytical study are compared with the experimental ones.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.48-53
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• 2013

Tyrosinemia I (fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase deficiency) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of tyrosine metabolism that produces liver failure in infancy or a more chronic course of liver disease with cirrhosis, often complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma in childhood or early adolescence. We studied a 37-year-old woman with tyrosinemia I whose severe liver disease in infancy and rickets during childhood were resolved with dietary therapy. From 14 years of age, she resumed unrestricted diet with the continued presence of the biochemical features of tyrosinemia, yet maintained normal liver function. In adult years, she accumulated only a small amount of succinylacetone. Despite this evolution to a mild biochemical and clinical phenotype, she eventually developed hepatocellular carcinoma. Her fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase genotype consists of a splice mutation, IVS6-1G>T, and a novel missense mutation, p.Q279R. Studies of resected liver revealed the absence of hydrolytic activity and immunological expression of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase in tumour. In the non-tumoral areas, however, 53% of normal hydrolytic activity and immunologically present fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase were found. This case demonstrates the high risk of liver cancer in tyrosinemia I even in a seemingly favorable biological environment. In this study of tyrosinemia I, Case 2 with negative succinylacetone accumulation and the recovery of acute liver failure was compared with Case 1. Diet restriction and NTBC treatment are crucial to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma until liver transplant can take place and cure the condition. Further studies are needed to examine cases where liver cancer did not result despite clinical symptoms/signs of tyrosinemia type I.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.285-287
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• 2011

A 53-year-old man presenting with dyspnea and chest pain was diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction secondary to occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery. Urgent revascularization by percutaneous stenting was successfully performed. However, the post-echocardiography revealed a ruptured papillary muscle that was causing severe mitral regurgitation and aggravation of congestive heart failure. The patient subsequently underwent mitral valve repair with papillary muscle re-implantation. Postoperative echocardiography showed a competent mitral valve without residual stenosis or regurgitation. The patient was discharged from the hospital with an uneventful recovery and has been doing well on outpatient follow up.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.92-97
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• 2003

Roadbed failure due to the rainfall may bring out social and economic demage such as the loss of life and property, the consumption of time and cost for recovery, and the delay of logistics in railway. In this study, the method using Geotextile Container was applied to rehabilitation of the railway roadbed which was failed by rainfall. The real scale tests with the simulated train loading were performed in order to evaluate the dynamic performance at the railway roadbed using Geotextile Container. The results of these tests were compared with unreinforced and reinforced cases with Geotextile Container, respectively. The data gathered by various measurement devices from these real scale tests would be useful to evaluate and understand the roadbed with Geotextile Container. Furthermore, the results of this study would be useful to ensure the workability and to save much time for restoration and to be widely applied to practical use.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1998

As technical systems in building are being developed, the processes and systems get more difficult for the average operator to understand. When operating a complex facility, it is beneficial in equipment management to provide the operator with tools which can help in dicision making for recovery from a failure of the system. The main object of the study is to develop real-time automatic fault detection and diagnosis system for optimal operation of IBS building.