• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.900-906
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• 2010

This note proposes vibration-free motor control through modified LQG/LTR methodology. A conventional LQG/LTR method is a design tool in the frequency domain. However, unlike the conventional one, the proposed one is a time response based design method. This feature is firstly designed by parameterized settling time control gain through the target loop design procedure and the feature is secondly realized by loop transfer recovery. In order to show convergence to the target loop transfer functions, asymptotic behaviors of the open and the closed loop transfer functions are shown. At the conclusion, it is verified that the proposed method is robustly stable to parametric uncertainties through ${\mu}$-plot.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2013

This study was conducted to identify the effects of intake of beta-blocker and aerobic exercise on heart rate recovery (HRR) and exercise capacity after maximal exercise in acute coronary syndrome patients (ACS). Subjects were divided into 4 groups; Beta-blocker-Exercise group (n=10), Beta-blocker group (n=10), Exercise group (n=10), Control group (n=10). Symptom-limited grade exercise test were conducted on subjects pre- and post- 6 week study, to measure maximal heart rate, heart rate at 1 minute and 2 minutes at the recovery stage, maximal oxygen uptake and maximal exercise time. Study resulted in significant improvements in heart rate recovery for BB-Ex group ($17.40{\pm}5.58$ bpm to $26.10{\pm}6.66$ bpm), maximal oxygen uptake for BB-Ex group ($30.46{\pm}8.63$ to $36.33{\pm}8.10$) and Ex group ($29.04{\pm}4.93$ to $34.31{\pm}5.19$), and total exercise time for BB-Ex group ($906.30{\pm}158.57$ to $1018.50{\pm}151.21$), BB group ($805.70{\pm}182.94$ to $897.50{\pm}160.16$) and Ex group ($870.00{\pm}145.63$ to $961.90{\pm}107.29$). Therefore it showed the biggest improvement for heart rate recovery and exercise capacity in acute coronary syndrome patients when both Beta-blocker and aerobic exercise were in effect.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.323-332
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• 1993

An implicit finite difference formulation with three methods of latent heat treatment, such as equivalent specific heat method, temperature recovery method and enthalpy method, was applied to solidification analysis. The Neumann problem was solved to compare the numerical results with the exact solution. The implicit solutions with the equivalent specific heat method and the temperature recovery method were comparatively consistent with the Neumann exact solution for smaller time steps, but its error increased with increasing time step, especially in predicting the solidification beginning time. Although the computing time to solve energy equation using temperature recovery method was shorter than using enthalpy method, the method of releasing latent heat is not realistic and causes error. The implicit formulation of phase change problem requires enthalpy method to treat the release of latent heat reasonably. We have modified the enthalpy formulation in such a way that the enthalpy gradient term is not needed, and as a result of this modification, the computation stability and the computing time were improved.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.141-153
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• 2003

Introduction : The causes of sudden sensorineural hearing loss have not been detemined with precision until recently, but viral infections and vascular insufficiencies, such as vascular spasm, occlusion of sludging of erythrocytes were considered as major factors. The treatment has not been determined with precision until recently. It is similar to dizziness(眩暈). sudden dcafncss(暴聾) and congestion-fire deafness(痰火聾) in Oriental Medicine. It is very rare that someone has sudden hearing loss and visit Oriental Medicine Clinic right that time. But we expect if they take a Oriental treatment on thc right time. more effective for their symptom. Subjects : Following conclusions were reached by measuring results of oricntal medical treatments for 40 patients who visited the clinic between January of 2000 and December of 2002, and received treatments continuously for more than 1 months of time. Methods : Among the selected 40 patients. 30 patients belong to Group Ⅰ, which consisted of patients who had already visited a general hospital prior to visiting this clinic, achieved no recovery at all from sudden deafness despite going through more than 5 days of hospitalized treatments of steroidal medications. Group Ⅱ was consisted of 10 patients of sudden deafness who did not experience any steroidal treatments from other hospital prior to the oriental medical treatment. Results and conclusion : According to differentiation of syndrome. among 30 patients of the Group Ⅰ. 21 were categorized as excess syndrome patients and remaining 9 as deficiency syndrome paticnts. Among 10 patients of For Group Ⅱ, 5 were excess syndrome patients and remaining 5 were deficiency syndrome patients. Among Group Ⅰ, recovery ratio of excess syndrome patients was 47.7$\%$ and deficiency syndrome patients was 44.4$\%$ adding up recovery ratio of the group to be 46.1$\%$. Among Group Ⅱ, recovery ratio of excess syndrome patients was 80$\%$ and deficiency syndrome patients was 100$\%$ adding up recovery ratio of the group to be 90$\%$. Oriental medical treatments are generally more effective(90$\%$ recovery ratio) for Sudden Deafness than steroidal treatments. Oriental medical treatments are almost equally effective for both excess syndrome patients and deficiency syndrome patients. However, steroidal treatments for excess syndrom patients(45$\%$ recovery ratio) is much less effective than deficiency syndrome patients(73$\%$ recovery ratio). This indicates that steroidal treatments should be applied selectively to deficiency syndrome patients if applied at all. Even for patients with sudden deafness which hospitalized steroidal treatments did not result in any recovery at all, oriental medical treatments were able to achieve 46.1$\%$ recovery ratio.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2015

In general, two way satellite communication systems based on TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) require network clock synchronization between hub station and remote terminals. This paper describes basic concepts for network clock synchronization based on NCR(Network Clock Reference) clock recovery scheme as suggested in DVB-S2/ RCS2 international standards. in addition, a new NCR insertion method has been proposed and evaluated in terms of supporting CCM mode as well as ACM mode which optimizes throughput by changing code rates and modulation types ranging from QPSK to 32-APSK.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.31-35
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study was to use fMRI and clinical prognosis criteria to evaluate therapeutic interventions in stroke patients with corona radiata infarct and acquire fundamental information about recovery mechanisms. Methods: Four subjects (2 men, 2 women) who had strokes with corona radiata infarct were recruited. For all subjects, motor functions such as motricity index (MI), modified brunnstrom classification (MBC), functional ambulatory category (FAC), and bathel index (BI) were evaluated. Evaluations were done at least 4 times over a period of approximately 6~7 months from stroke onset. We compared the final evaluation with the first. Results: All patients with corona radiata infarct showed improvement in motor outcomes with the passing of time. The strength of all patients improved from zero or trace levels to normal or good levels in the MI (Motricity Index) test. Other motor outcomes including the modified brunnstrom classification (MBC), the functional ambulatory category (FAC), and the bathel index (BI) also improved with the passing of time. Conclusion: Stroke patients with corona radiata infarcts change for the better over time. Therefore, one can introduce clinical interventions by the aspect of progress in functional motor recovery.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.111-115
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present fundamental information regarding clinical prognosis and clinical criteria for therapeutic intervention in stroke patients with focal pons infarction. Methods: Four stroke patients (male: 2, female: 2) who were diagnosed with pons infarction were recruited. All subjects had motor functions evaluated using methods such as the Motricity Index (MI), the Modified Brunnstrom Classification (MBC), Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC), and the Bathel Index (BI). Evaluations were done at least 4 times over a period that was approximately 8~11 months from stroke onset. We compared the final evaluation with the first evaluation. Results: All patients with focal pons infarction showed improvement with time in motor function. The physical strength of all patients was improved to normal or good grades from zero or trace grades in the Motricity Index test. Also, other motor functions such as ambulatory capacity and activities of daily living (ADL) improved with time. Conclusion: Aspects of functional recovery and clinical prognosis are clearly predictable for specific patients with focal pons infarction. In addition, adequate therapeutic interventions can be provided clinical criterion to patients, according to aspect of functional recovery. Accordingly, patients with pons infarction change for the better over time.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.573-576
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the lipid peroxidation, creatine kinase activity and cortisol hormone levels following the training intensity in elite judo players. Six elite Judo players participated in the experiments (3h repetition judo program), which include stretching, judo skill practice and cool down without recess. Blood sampling were taken at the judo gymnasium at the time of resting, 1h training, 2h training, 3h training, 2h recovery, and 24h recovery time and this were analyzed for CK, MDA and Cortisol levels. The results obtained were analyzed via repeated measures of ANOVA using SPSS package program (ver.10.0) and a value of p<.05 was considered statistically significant. The results from this study were as follows. In the CK levels, which reflect the contribution of creatine phosphate and muscle damage degree, there was a significant difference (p<.05) after judo training in every period. Recovery 24h showed the highest level. In the MDA levels, which reflect lipid peroxidation, there was a significant difference (p<.05) after judo training. Recovery 2h showed the lowest level. In the cortisol hormone levels, which reflect stress status, there was a significant difference (p<.05). In this study, we can conclude that For the trained athletes, MDA level was lower at the time of exercise compare to the other period, this is caused by the increased antioxidant defence mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.413-421
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• 2014

Since the structural temperature of a flight vehicle flying at high speed rises rapidly due to aerodynamic heating, it is necessary for optimum structural design to obtain proper material properties at high temperature by taking into account of its operational environment. For a special alloy, analysis data on strength change due to exposure time to high temperature are very limited, and most of them are for an exposure time longer than 30 minutes for long term operations. In this study, base and weld metal samples of Ti-6Al-4V alloy had been prepared and high temperature tensile tests with induction heating were performed, and then high temperature strength characteristics and strength recovery characteristics through cooling have been analyzed. Pre-tests to determine maximum heating rate were performed, and response characteristics for temperature control were confirmed. As a result, high temperature tensile strength appeared to be lower than that of room temperature, but it was higher than that of high temperature of 30 minite exposure listed in MMPDS. In strength recovery through cooling Ti-6Al-4V alloy has shown higher recovery rate compared with other alloys.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2015

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of family presence in the PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) on anxiety, emergency delirium, pain and length of stay in the recovery room for elderly patients undergoing surgery for which general anesthesia has been used. Methods: The study was a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Eighty elderly patients over 65 years who underwent surgery under general anesthesia were recruited. Forty were assigned to the experiment group, patients together with a family member and 40 to the control group, with no family member present. Patients' anxiety, emergency delirium, pain and length of time in the recovery room were evaluated at 10 minute and 30 minute after arrival in the PACU. Results: Patients with family members in the PACU showed significantly decreased levels of anxiety at 10 and 30 minutes and significantly lower levels of emergency delirium and pain at 30 minutes. However there was no difference between the 2 groups for length of time in the recovery room. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that being with family members in the PACU after surgery under general anesthesia is effective for reducing elderly patients' anxiety, delirium and pain during time in the recovery room.