• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2008

As the quality of life improves, people want to live in more pleasant environment with beautiful trees, clean air and water. They are keenly interested in environmental issues as well as living environment of apartment which is a trademark of modern life. With this situation, the function and roles of landscaping trees have been recognized as a critical factor to improve living environment. As people have asked for more demands on those trees, it has raised more issues on the defect of trees and is required the solution to those issues. So, the purpose of this study was to survey the reasons of defects and find out those solutions. The data on defects in 1990s was referenced to the reports issued by SH Corporation in 1994 and 1997. The data on defects in 2000s are collected from March, 2006 to May 2006 based on the survey for apartments already constructed by Korea Housing Corporation. The results of the survey were shown that, in the year of 1994, landscaping trees causing high rate of defects were Acer buergerianum (92%), Pinus densiflora(85.7%), Celtis sinensis(80%), Cydonia sinensis(75%) and Diospyros kaki(66.6%), and in the year of 1997, landscaping trees causing high rate of defect were Ziziphus jujuba(100%), Cornus alba(65.2%), Diospyros kaki(60%), Thuja occidentalis(60%), and Metasequoia glyptostroboides(42%). And, in the year of 2006, landscaping trees causing high rate of defect were Sophora japonica(100%), Taxus cuspidata(80%), Magnoila quinquepeta (75%), Acer palmatum(62.5%) and Ginkgo biloba(50%). Because the reasons of defects were various according to the conditions including the climate, location, time and landscaping trees carried into the work area, we present the problems and solutions to those defects. Since the landscaping trees are living creatures, the factors of defects were various and complicated according to the site condition. So, in the period of warranty, contractor should designate the tree manger who can recognize the situation and take suitable action within timely manner.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiologic findings of the postoperative maxillary cysts (POMCs) and investigate the relationship between lesion size and clinical symptoms depending on the time elapsed after radical maxillary sinus surgery. Methods: A total of 29 patients who were diagnosed with POMCs at Chonnam National University Dental Hospital were selected. Clinical and radiologic findings were investigated. POMC cases were divided into two groups: those with <24 years between maxillary sinus surgery and POMC diagnosis and those with >24 years. The chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. Results: The average period from surgery to POMC detection was 24.32 years; however, the period could not be confirmed in four patients. The average patient age was 52.75 years, and 12 (41.3%) patients were in their 50s. POMC-related clinical symptoms were as follows: buccal pain and swelling, dull pain, toothache, abscess, sensory abnormality, and asymptomatic. Twenty (69.0%) cases showed unilocular radiolucency and 9 (31.0%) revealed multilocular radiolucency. Seven cases (35.0%) were misdiagnosed as odontogenic lesions, resulting in the delayed treatment of POMCs. No statistical significance was found between the two groups with respect to symptoms, expansion to the surrounding area, presence of secondary cysts, and mesiodistal length of cyst on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. However, the buccopalatal length of the cyst on CBCT images was significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: The buccopalatal length of POMCs observed on CBCT images was related to the time elapsed since surgery. The lack of awareness of POMCs may lead to misdiagnosis as an odontogenic infection and delayed treatment. Therefore, dentists must recognize the clinical and radiologic features of POMCs to differentiate it from dental infections.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.37-53
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• 2023

인공지능에 기반한 지능형 지휘통체체계는 복잡하고 방대한 전장정보와 전술 데이터들을 학습모델을 통해 자동으로 융합 및 추출하여 전장상황을 분석한다. 지휘관은 지능형 지휘통제체계의 상황분석 결과를 제공받아 전장인식이 가능하여 의사결정을 지원할 수 있다. 의사결정지원에 특화된 결과를 지휘관에게 제공하기 위해서는 인공지능을 학습하기 위한 실 전장상황과 유사한 전장상황분석 데이터셋 생성이 필요하다. 본 논문은 기존 선행연구인 '인공지능 기반 전장상황분석을 위한 가상 전장상황 데이터 셋 생성 연구'의 다음 단계의 데이터셋 구축 방법 연구로 지휘관의 의사결정지원 및 미래 전장인식을 위해 최종적인 전장상황분석 결과에 필요한 데이터셋을 생성하는 방안에 대해 제안하였다. 전장상황 분석용 학습 데이터셋 생성도구 SW를 설계 및 구현하였고, 구현한 SW를 이용하여 데이터 레이블 작업을 진행하였다. Siamese Network 학습모델을 이용하여 구축한 데이터셋을 입력하고, 후처리 알고리즘을 활용한 출력 결과를 도출하여 생성한 데이터셋을 검증하였다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.897-907
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• 2023

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 단일 24GHz FMCW레이더를 사용하여 수집된 적은 양의 학습데이터로 학습된 AI 모델을 사용하여 학습되지 않은 사람의 3가지 자세를 구분하고자 한다. 연구방법: 실내에서 학습 대상자들의 3가지 자세(서기, 앉기, 눕기)에 대한 FFT데이터를 수집하여 2D 이미지로 변환시킨 후 제안하는 2D CNN 모델로 학습시켜 학습에 사용되지 않은 새로운 대상자들의 자세를 잘 구분할 수 있는지 실험을 통해 정확도를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 제안하는 기법을 통해 3가지 자세의 평균 정확도가 89.99%임을 보였고, 기존의 1D CNN이나 SVM 보다 성능이 향상되었다. 결론: 실내에서 재난이 발생하는 경우 단일 FMCW 레이더와 AI 기법을 통해 요구조자의 자세를 추정하고자 하였으며, 학습되지 않은 대상자의 자세도 높은 정확도로 추정이 가능함을 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to uncover the mechanism of how initial fees are determined in the restaurant franchise business. Since the initial fees can be considered as a price of utilizing business models and operational knowledge of a certain franchise brand, it is critical to understand the fee decision-making process based on the strategic pricing theories. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of operational value on the determination of initial franchise fees grounded on a value-based pricing strategy. The Operational value is specifically categorized into profitability, growth, and stability of the franchise system. Research design, data, and methodology: The data used were collected through franchise disclosure documents and brand equity index provided by Korea Management Association Consulting. Data from 44 franchise restaurants during 2018 to 2021 are included in the sample. The panel dataset was analyzed by using generalized least squares estimation with R-Studio. Results: Profitability and stability positively influence initial franchise fees. However, growth did not influence initial franchise fees. Conclusions: The results of the study demonstrate that the operational value plays a critical role in determining the franchise fees. Specifically, franchisees recognize how much revenue a franchise system generates for them (i.e., profitability) and how stable the entire system is for operating business (i.e., stability) when they make purchasing decisions for franchise. The findings extend the pricing literature by applying pricing theories in the franchise fee context. Also, the study contributes to franchising and restaurant management literature by providing knowledge of how franchise fees are determined.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2023

최근 코로나19로 인한 비대면 서비스의 확산으로 온라인을 통한 소통이 증가하고 있다. 비대면 상황에서는 텍스트나 음성, 이미지 등의 모달리티를 통해 상대방의 의견이나 감정을 인식하고 있다. 현재 다양한 모달리티를 결합한 멀티모달 감정인식에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그중 음성 데이터를 활용한 감정인식은 음향 및 언어정보를 통해 감정을 이해하는 수단으로 주목하고 있으나 대부분 단일한 음성 특징값으로 감정을 인식하고 있다. 하지만 대화문에는 다양한 감정이 복합적으로 존재하기 때문에 다중 감정을 인식하는 방법이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 복합적으로 존재하는 내재된 감정인식을 위해 음성 데이터를 전처리한 후 특징 벡터를 추출하고 시간의 흐름을 고려한 다중 감정 회귀 모델을 제안한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2023

Tick infestation causes a significant threat to human and animal health, requiring effective immunological control methods. This study aimed to investigate the potential of recombinant Haemaphysalis longicornis enolase protein for tick vaccine development. The exact mechanism of the recently identified enolase protein from the H. longicornis Jeju strain remains poorly understood. Enolase plays a crucial role in glycolysis, the metabolic process that converts glucose into energy, and is essential for the motility, adhesion, invasion, growth, and differentiation of ticks. In this study, mice were immunized with recombinant enolase, and polyclonal antibodies were generated. Western blot analysis confirmed the specific recognition of enolase by the antiserum. The effects of immunization on tick feeding and attachment were assessed. Adult ticks attached to the recombinant enolase-immunized mice demonstrated longer attachment time, increased bloodsucking abilities, and lower engorgement weight than the controls. The nymphs and larvae had a reduced attachment rate and low engorgement rate compared to the controls. Mice immunized with recombinant enolase expressed in Escherichia coli displayed 90% efficacy in preventing tick infestation. The glycolytic nature of enolase and its involvement in crucial physiological processes makes it an attractive target for disrupting tick survival and disease transmission. Polyclonal antibodies recognize enolase and significantly reduce attachment rates, tick feeding, and engorgement. Our findings indicate that recombinant enolase may be a valuable vaccine candidate for H. longicornis infection in experimental murine model.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to identify the factors of shocking events in the career aspect experienced by Korean workers in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, and to find out whether these career shocks affect individual perceptions of the importance of subjective career success. Design/methodology/approach - In the survey of 146 respondents, the career shock events experienced in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic were largely divided into three categories; 'work change', 'employment anxiety', and 'life anxiety'. For the subjective career success, seven dimensions - 'financial security', 'financial achievement', 'entrepreneurship', 'positive relationship', 'positive impact', 'learning and development', 'work-life balance' - were used. Findings - As a result, there was no difference in the perception of subjective career success due to the experience of 'work change' during the Covid-19 period. However, the respondents who experienced 'employment anxiety' came to recognize that 'financial security' and 'financial achievement' were more increasing in terms of the degree of difference of importance. And respondents who experienced 'lifetime anxiety' perceived that the degree of difference of importance was increasing in the six dimensions except for 'social influence'. Particularly, the increase in the importance of 'work-life balance' and 'positive relationship' was found to be the greatest among the career success dimensions. Research implications or Originality - Finally, it was concluded that changes in the external environment such as Covid-19 pandemic influence as a career shock and affect the level of importance in subjective career success perception. Based on the results, the theoretical implication on current career study and some practical implications for organizational career management were suggested.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.963-977
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• 2009

이 연구의 목적은 지구계 교육의 학습자로서 대학생들의 지구계 순환에 대한 인식을 밝혀 교육에의 시사점을 찾는 것이다. 지구과학 교양 수업을 수강하는 62명의 비과학 전공 대학생들을 대상으로 8주 동안 창의적 이야기 쓰기 활동을 실시하였다. 창의적 이야기는 스토리맵 그리기 방법으로 순환의 구성 개념과 유형을 분석하여 범주화 하였다. 지구계의 순환 구성 개념은 32가지로 매우 다양하게 표출되었고, 순환 유형은 원형과 복합형이 다수였으나 일부 사례는 순환 고리를 완성하지 못한 가지형과 선형으로 표현되었다. 지구계 순환에 대한 대학생들의 인식은 자연-생물계에 편향되어 있으며, 자연-생물계와 인간계의 3 범주를 모두 인식한 사례는 30% 미만으로 나타났다. 지구계 교육을 통해 인간 활동에 의한 피드백의 영향을 인지할 수 있도록 순환을 소재로 교수 내용을 다양화 하고, 학습자의 시스템 사고를 지원해야 하겠다.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

스트레스는 감당하기 어려운 외부 또는 내부 요인으로부터 유발되는 것으로 현대 사회의 주요한 문제 중 하나이다. 높은 스트레스가 장기적으로 지속되면 만성적으로 발전할 수 있으며, 건강 및 생활 전반에 큰 악영향을 초래할 수 있다. 그러나 만성적인 스트레스를 겪는 사람들은 자신이 스트레스를 받고 있는지 알아차리기 어렵기 때문에 사전에 스트레스를 인지하고 관리하는 것이 중요하다. 웨어러블 기기로부터 측정된 생체 신호를 이용하여 스트레스를 탐지한다면, 스트레스를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 생체 신호를 이용하는 데에는 두 가지 문제점이 있다. 첫째로 생체 신호에서 수작업 특징을 추출하는 것은 바이어스를 발생시킬 수 있으며, 두 번째는 실험 주체에 따라 분류 모델 성능의 변이가 클 수 있다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 데이터의 핵심적인 특징을 표현할 수 있는 합성곱 오토인코더를 이용해 바이어스를 줄이고 앙상블 학습 중 하나인 소프트 보팅을 이용해 일반화 능력을 높여 성능의 변이를 줄이는 모델을 제안한다. 모델의 일반화 성능을 확인하기 위하여 LOSO 교차 검증 방법을 이용하여 성능을 평가한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 모델은 WESAD 데이터셋을 이용하여 높은 성능을 보여주었던 기존의 연구들보다 우수한 정확도를 보임을 확인하였다.