• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2016

The aims of the present study are two-fold: 1) to explore differences on speech perception between younger and older adults according to noise conditions; and 2) to investigate which cognitive domains are correlated with speech perception. Data were acquired from 15 younger adults and 15 older adults. Sentence recognition test was conducted in four noise conditions(i.e., in-quiet, +5 dB SNR, 0 dB SNR, -5 dB SNR). All participants completed auditory and cognitive assessment. Upon controlling for hearing thresholds, the older group revealed significantly poorer performance compared to the younger adults only under the high noise condition at -5 dB SNR. For older group, performance on Seoul Verbal Learning Test(immediate recall) was significantly correlated with speech perception performance, upon controlling for hearing thresholds. In older adults, working memory and verbal short-term memory are the best predictors of speech-in-noise perception. The current study suggests that consideration of cognitive function for older adults in speech perception assessment is necessary due to its adverse effect on speech perception under background noise.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.290-291
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• 2008

The most popular speech feature used in speech recognition today is the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) algorithm, which could reflect the perception characteristics of the human ear more accurately than other parameters. This paper adopts MFCC and its first order difference, which could reflect the dynamic character of speech signal, as synthetical parametric representation. Furthermore, we quote Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm to search match paths in the pattern recognition process. We use the software "GoldWave" to record English digitals in the lab environments and the simulation results indicate the algorithm has higher recognition accuracy than others using LPCC, etc. as character parameters in the experiment for Digital Isolated Word Recognition (DIWR) system.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.1223-1237
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• 2024

Autonomous vehicles use onboard sensors to sense the surrounding environment. In complex autonomous driving scenarios, the detection and recognition capabilities are constrained, which may result in serious accidents. An efficient way to enhance the detection and recognition capabilities is establishing collaborations with the neighbor vehicles. However, the collaborations introduce additional challenges in terms of the data heterogeneity, communication cost, and data privacy. In this paper, a novel personalized federated learning framework is proposed for addressing the challenges and enabling efficient collaborations in autonomous driving environment. For obtaining a global model, vehicles perform local training and transmit logits to a central unit instead of the entire model, and thus the communication cost is minimized, and the data privacy is protected. Then, the inference similarity is derived for capturing the characteristics of data heterogeneity. The vehicles are divided into clusters based on the inference similarity and a weighted aggregation is performed within a cluster. Finally, the vehicles download the corresponding aggregated global model and train a personalized model which is personalized for the cluster that has similar data distribution, so that accuracy is not affected by heterogeneous data. Experimental results demonstrate significant advantages of our proposed method in improving the efficiency of collaborative perception and reducing communication cost.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2012

Objectives : The education of dental hygienists on emergency care has been implemented as a part of curriculum at school, the contents and practice are inadequately and unsystematically conducted. The purpose of the study was to examine the perception and use of emergency care in dental hygienists in various emergency situations and emergency medical equipment. Methods : The subject of this study was 64 dental hygienists dental hygienists in Chungchenongnam-Do. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from November, 17 to 24, 2011. Results : Only 3.1% of dental hygienists answered "I know very well", exhibiting relatively low level of recognition. Moreover, 15.6% of respondents answered "I know quite well", 53.2% answered "I know somewhat well", and 28.1% answered "I do not know well". In terms of the operation of defibrillator, 9.4% of dental hygienists answered "yes" and 90.6% answered "no". Regarding performing CPR, 15.6% of respondents answered "I can perform" while 84.4% answered "I can not perform". Conclusions : Despite the education on emergency medicine, dental hygienists working in dental clinics are found to be not well aware of proper perception of emergency care and the utilization of emergency medical equipment. Therefore, appropriate refresh educational framework and development and application of programs are thought to be essential for dental hygienists to adequately and swiftly respond to emergency situations by full recognition of the importance of emergency care.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.353-362
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the perception of quality-certified children's preferred foods as well as consumption behaviors of nursery directors and parents. Methods: A total of 243 nursery directors and parents of preschool children were surveyed using questionnaires. Results: Parents' perception scores were lower than directors' scores for many of the questions. Parents showed significantly higher scores for food safety standard questions and nutritional fortifying questions than directors (p<0.001 each). On the other hand, directors showed significantly higher scores for questions about products nutrition and safety (p<0.001, p<0.01). When buying children's favorite food items, food additives and hygiene level of vendors were the most important, in that order. Parents' scores for questions on purchasing behaviors of quality-certified children's preferred foods were significantly higher than those of directors'. Further, respondents with nutritional education experience showed high behavior scores. Conclusion: It can be concluded that promotion of quality-certified children's preferred foods is insufficient. The nutrition education group showed high scores for perception and positive consumption behaviors of quality-certified children's preferred foods. It is important to cooperate with nursery directors and parents of preschoolers to further children's nutritional education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.273-290
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• 2017

The purposes of this study are to develop a measuring instrument for perception of science classes based on the view of 'Community of Inquiry in Science Classroom' and to investigate elementary school students' perceptions with the instrument developed in the study. A total of 417 6th grade students participated in this study. As a result, first, we developed two set of questionnaire: (a) the questionnaire for the 'process of inquiry' consisted of six factors: 'problem recognition I: recognition of inconsistency,' 'problem recognition II: interests,' 'problem explanation I: hypothesis generation and examination,' 'problem explanation II: cooperative review,' 'problem solving I: reflection on the change of relationship with objects/conceptions,' and 'problem solving II: reflection on the change of relationship with community/ inquirer,' comprising a total of 42 items; (b) the questionnaire for the 'basis of inquiry' consisted of three factors:'will of conducting inquiry,' 'attitudes of conducting inquiry,' and 'structure of communication,' comprising a total of 17 items. Second, we found that elementary school students had positive recognition generally on their science classes in terms of the 'community of inquiry in science classroom,' but they had relatively negative recognition on the factors of problem recognition based on recognition of inconsistency, problem solving accompanied with reflection on the change of relationship with objects/conceptions, and attitudes of conducting inquiry based on severity and fallibilism, Finally, several suggestions for the science education were given.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the development of clothing which can improve the satisfaction of male university students' body shape by classifying the perception of body shape and examining characteristics by type. The types of recognition of body shape of male college students were classified into five types: developed upper body with protruding under abdomen, normal body with long legs, developed under body with big skeleton, skinny body, and ladder type normal body. The actual body shape was classified into three. The Y type had a long chest length and a shoulder developed, and the lower body silhouette was plain and short. Type H was flat with little protrusion from the chest to the hip. Type X has a larger hip and longer hip length than the waist. Body type was classified based on bust, waist, and hip circumference, but recognition body type was classified based on visual characteristics. It is thought that ergonomic consideration is needed to cover the disadvantages of each body type considering the aesthetic part as well as wearing comfort in accordance with the trend of the fashion market nowadays that the slim fit is generalized. This study was limited to male university students in their early 20s in Chungbuk province. Therefore, we could not grasp attitudes and perceptions of male university students living in other provinces. Therefore, we should pay attention to the generalization of the results of this study.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.62-74
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• 2023

In response to diverse external stimuli, sensory receptors generate spiking nerve signals. These generated signals are transmitted to the brain along the neural pathway to advance to the stage of recognition or perception, and then they reach the area of discrimination or judgment for remembering, assessing, and processing incoming information. We review research trends in neuromorphic sensory perception technology inspired by biological sensory perception functions. Among the various senses, we consider sensory nerve decoding technology based on sensory nerve pathways focusing on touch and smell, neuromorphic synapse elements that mimic biological neurons and synapses, and neuromorphic processors. Neuromorphic sensory devices, neuromorphic synapses, and artificial sensory memory devices that integrate storage components are being actively studied. However, various problems remain to be solved, such as learning methods to implement cognitive functions beyond simple detection. Considering applications such as virtual reality, medical welfare, neuroscience, and cranial nerve interfaces, neuromorphic sensory recognition technology is expected to be actively developed based on new technologies, including combinatorial neurocognitive cell technology.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.188-198
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• 2019

This study examined the subjective health recognition, motivation, selection property, consumption realties, and generalities of elderly people eating out. The ratio of women eating out in those over 60 years of ages was high and people in that age group ate out most actively. The score of convenience-oriented, gourmet-oriented, and dignity-oriented of the selection property for eating out increased with increasing frequency and expenditure for eating out. With increasing age, a negative (-) relationship with a decrease in the safety-oriented score of the selection property for eating out was predicted. As the number of days eating out increased, a positive (+) relationship with an increase in the safety-oriented score of the selection property for eating out was observed. As the scores of physical and social health perception increased, a positive (+) relationship with an increase in the gourmet oriented score was observed. Based on the results, various research on the relationship between the health recognition and eating out behavior of those over 60 years of age are required.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

In this paper, the vocabulary-independent continuous speech recognition system for speech control of intelligent home-network is presented. This study suggests a conversational scenario of continuous natural vocabulary based upon keywords for recognition on natural speech command, and a way of optimizing the recognition system by constructing a recognition system and database based upon keywords.