• ETRI Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2004

We demonstrate a high-speed recording based on field-induced manipulation in combination with an optical reading of recorded bits on Au cluster films using the atomic force microscope (AFM) and the near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM). We reproduced 50 nm-sized mounds by applying short electrical pulses to conducting tips in a non-contact mode as a writing process. The recorded marks were then optically read using bent fiber probes in a transmission mode. A strong enhancement of light transmission is attributed to the local surface plasmon excitation on the protruded dots.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2008

It is necessary to develop a high-speed wireless transmission system, which is able to send medical informations to the emergency medical center during emergency patient transportation. In this research, a system which transmits patient’s vital signs and a real-time audio/video contents of the event has been designed, developed, and the suitability of the system has been verified. Test results indicate that the system is capable of transmitting vital signal data, including 17 numeric data, 12 waveforms and 113 events, reading the affected part by forwarding a $320{\times}240$ pixel image at 2fps. Also, the full-duplex voice transmission of the system at 8bit/64kbps is enough to make stable communication between emergency medical technicians and hospital professionals possible. After numerous hours of driving, the packet loss of patient vital signs is 0.013%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.115.5-115
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• 2002

In this paper, we introduce a system that detects all kinds of violations at a street intersection such as red light running, speed violation, stop line violation and lane violation by tracking individual vehicles. Two cameras are used for defecting violations. One is an analog camera for real-time tracking and the other is a digital camera for license plate reading. This system is connected to the traffic signal system controller and monitors the red, arrow, yellow and green phases of an approach. Two loops in the road are used to detect vehicle approach and speed. The system takes pictures of all vehicles passing a second loop and tracks the vehicles until they go out a street intersection...

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.137-142
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• 2019

This paper proposed bitmap based spatial data transmission scheme in need of rapid transmission through network in mobile environment that use and creation of data are frequently happen. Former researches that used clustering algorithms, focused on providing service using spatial data can cause delay since it doesn't consider the transmission speed. This paper guaranteed rapid service for user by convert spatial data to bit, leads to more transmission of bit of MTU, the maximum transmission unit. In the experiment, we compared arithmetically default data composed of 16 byte and spatial data converted to bitmap and for simulation, we created virtual data and compared its network transmission speed and conversion time. Virtual data created as standard normal distribution and skewed distribution to compare difference of reading time. The experiment showed that converted bitmap and network transmission are 2.5 and 8 times faster for each.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.21-30
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• 2024

Memory can refer to a storage device that collects data, and it has evolved to increase the reading/writing speed and reduce the power consumption. As large amounts of data are processed by artificial intelligence services, the memory data capacity requires expansion. Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) is the most widely used type of memory. In particular, graphics double date rate and high-bandwidth memory allow to quickly transfer large amounts of data and are used as memory solutions for artificial intelligence semiconductors. We analyze development trends in DRAM from the perspectives of processing speed and power consumption. We summarize the characteristics required for next-generation memory by comparing DRAM and other types of memory implementations. Moreover, we examine the shortcomings of DRAM and infer a next-generation memory for their compensation. We also describe the operating principles of spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory, which may replace DRAM in next-generation devices, and explain its characteristics and advantages.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.286-292
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• 2008

Television market is rapidly changing into HDTV according to increase in the programs transmitted in HD. However, there is no guideline of Korean typography which is suitable for HD display. Here we provide a guideline on Korean font style, its size and transparency to acquire high readability on HD screen. The readability was assessed with two different criteria: reading speed as an objective index and preference ranking as a subjective index. In the results, the participants tend to prefer and read faster slim fonts on HD display when compared to the bold type commonly used on 3D display To the font size, smaller one was preferred on HDTV than that displayed on SDTV. To the transparency, users revealed strong preference on 40% transparency although it did not affect the reading speed when the contrast between text and background was fixed on 40%. But clearly, preference on 40% transparency.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.201-212
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• 2002

This paper aims to find out how did elementary students understand scientific units in science textbooks. The subjects were 191 students of the 6th grade from 7 elementary schools in 3 different areas, consisting of 70 from 4 village schools of, 64 from 2 town schools of Gyeongnam province, and 57 from one city school in Ulsan Metro City. A test was developed based on the analysis of scientific units in the science textbooks and teacher's manuals constructed according to the 6th and 7th National Science Curriculum. The understanding of elementary students' on the scientific units(Temperature, Length, Weight, Volume, Speed, Plane Angle) were surveyed. The result are as follows: Regarding the temperature unit, the students generally well understand why to measure and how to read temperature, but had some problem in recording it, in confusion with the plane angle sign. As for the length unit, they obtained high scores in understanding the purpose of measuring length as well as recording and reading it. Which indicates that they are well aware of and use the unit appropriately. With respect to the weight unit, they got high scores in reading and recording weight, which means most students have no problem using the unit. However, it was found that they do not understand why to use the plate balance scale. The volume unit was one in which the students got relatively lower scores. They do not perceive the object of using a scale cylinder and confuse it with a device of length measurement. The unit of speed is the most difficult one for children's of science to understand, presumably, because it is an derived unit from two basic units. It is also assumed that the students got the highest score in the plane angle unit because they studied the unit immediately before the test. From the children's understanding of science units above the teacher's understanding and teaching methods presumed to play a major role for children to understand and use the science units properly.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.143-150
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• 2021

In the recent power industry, a change is taking place from manual meter reading to remote meter reading using AMI(Advanced Metering Infrastructure). If such the power data generated from the AMI is recorded on the blockchain, integrity is guaranteed by preventing forgery and tampering. As data sharing becomes transparent, new business can be created. However, Ethereum blockchain is not suitable for processing large amounts of transactions due to the limitation of processing speed. As a solution to overcome such the limitation, various On/Off-Chain methods are being investigated. In this paper, we propose a interface server using data sharding as a solution for storing large amounts of power data in Etherium blockchain environments. Experimental results show that our power-data processing system with sharding method lessen the data omission rate to 0% that occurs when the transactions are transmitted to Ethereum and enhance the processing speed approximately 9 times.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.57-64
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• 2002

The structure of conventional CAM(Content Addressable Memory) cell, used to Look-up table scheme in Huffman CODEC, is not performed by being separated in reading, writing and match operation. So, there is disadvantages that the control is complicated, and the floating states of match line force wrong operation to be happened in reading, writing operation. In this paper, in order to improve the disadvantages and proces the data fast, fast Look-up table is designed using DBLCAM(Dual Bit Line CAM)-performing the reading, writing operation and match operation independently and Two-port SRAM being more fast than RAM in an access speed. Look-up table scheme in Huffman CODEC, using DBLCAM and Two-port SRAM proposed in this paper, is designed in Cadence tool, and layout is performed in 0.6${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ 2-poly 3-metal CMOS full custom. And simulation is peformed with Hspice.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.3 s.87
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• pp.151-168
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship of kindergarteners' alphabet knowledge to their ability to read words, in connection with the features of the Korean alphabet 'Hangul'. A total of 289 children aged four to six from three kindergartens in Busan participated in the study. The main results are as follows. To begin with, the participants showed continuous development in the knowledge of consonant names, vowel sounds, the vowel stroke-adding principle, and the alphabet composition principle. Meanwhile, discontinuous development was found in the knowledge of consonant sounds and the consonant stroke-adding principle, which indicated that kindergartners could show differential speed in various sub-skills of literacy development. The kindergartners' naming of consonants developed before their recall of consonant sounds, and the knowledge of consonant sounds had an effect on the knowledge of vowel sounds. Children had difficulty in treating more complicated letters of the alphabet stroke-adding principle test, and eve syllables of the alphabet composition principle test. Most importantly, the children's alphabet knowledge was strongly related to their ability to read words written in Hangul, as kindergarteners with a greater knowledge of alphabet names, sounds, and principles were shown to read words better.