• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.745-754
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• 2018

Language is an essential tool for verbal and emotional communication among human beings, enabling them to engage in social interactions. Although a majority of hearing-impaired people can speak; however, they are unable to receive feedback on their pronunciation most of them can speak. However, they do not receive feedback on their pronunciation. This results in impaired communication owing to incorrect pronunciation, which causes difficulties in their social interactions. If hearing-impaired people could receive continuous feedback on their pronunciation and phonation through lip-reading training, they could communicate more effectively with people without hearing disabilities, anytime and anywhere, without the use of sign language. In this study, the mouth area is detected from videos of learners speaking monosyllabic words. The grayscale information of the detected mouth area is used to estimate a velocity vector using Optical Flow. This information is then quantified as feature values to classify vowels. Subsequently, a system is proposed that classifies monosyllables by algebraic computation of geometric feature values of lips using the characteristics of articulatory phonation. Additionally, the system provides feedback by evaluating the comparison between the information which is obtained from the sample categories and experimental results.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2024

This study evaluates the ratio of Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) functional group isocyanate (NCO) to the binder functional hydroxyl group (OH) in HTPB/AP/Al-based propellants on their mechanical properties, flow rate, and viscosity to determine the limitations of NCO/OH in the composition of solid propellants. The propellants consisted of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) polyurethane (PU), aluminum (Al) and tri-modal ammonium perchlorate (AP). The tri-modal AP consisted of 30% of coarse AP, 30% of medium AP, and 8% of fine AP. The ratio of NCO/OH varies from 0.73 to 0.85, with two binder percentages of 10.5% and 12%. An increase in NCO/OH ratio with 10.5% binder provided 20%, 95%, and 8 to 9% increments in UTS, modulus, and hardness, respectively. However, the propellant elongation, density, and flow rate decreased by 170%, 0.2%, and 11-12%, respectively. Viscosity increased 20% based on initial hour reading. The 12% binder provides 27%, 47%, and 5~6% an increment of UTS, modulus and hardness respectively. However, the propellant elongation, density, and flow rate decreased by 47%, 0.17% and 27%, respectively. The viscosity increased 30% based on initial hour reading. This study suggests the NCO/OH value of 0.77 and 10.5~11% binder content in propellant based on the mechanical properties, flow rate, and viscosity for better processing and pot life.

• 센서학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.368-373
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• 2018

The effects of long-term exposure of high and low humidity on thin-film humidity sensors are investigated. Five commercially available thin-film humidity sensors are initially calibrated in a humidity chamber as a reference before longterm exposure to high and low humidity. Then, the sensors are kept in a high-humidity environment (~95 %rh) for four months. After the exposure, the sensors are calibrated in the same manner as the initial calibration. Consequently, the device reading values from the humidity sensors are elevated up to about 5 %rh. Interestingly, the degree of elevation by the high-humidity exposure shows a negative correlation with the price of the humidity sensors. Humidity sensors are then kept in a low-humidity environment (~10 %rh) for another four months. After the exposure, a calibration similar to the initial calibration is performed. As a result, the device reading from humidity sensors is decreased, indicating a recovery from the effect of high-humidity exposure. The durability test conducted in this study provides experimental evidence for the use of thin-film humidity sensors in high-humidity environments such as greenhouses and food factories for a long period of time.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.162-164
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• 2000

The numerical simulation of air movement in a room using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) requires a complicated set of input data, This includes physical data, such as space geometry, characteristics of supply air flow and contaminant source, etc. as well as computational domain. Among the input data, the boundary conditions related to the inlet are particularly crucial in order to achieve accurate computation results, although there are many other parameters which may also affect the results. (omitted)

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2016

The AMR(automatic meter reading) system has been increasingly and widely used for its efficient and intelligent management, which is a technology that automatically collects consumption data from a water meter or energy metering device. The digital meter instead of the mechanical meter should be used in the system. Up to now, various types of sensor to measure the water flow rate have been used in the digital water meter, for example, reed switch, photo IR approximate sensor, ultrasonic sensor, electromagnetic sensor, etc. In this paper, a new sensing technology, where a variable capacitor and digital circuit were used for sensing the water flow rate, was proposed. The circuit was designed and verified by Pspice simulation. And a PCB board for the circuit was fabricated. After then, a prototype of digital water meter using a variable capacitor to measure the water flow rate was fabricated. The function tests of the fabricated digital water meter were performed, and it was found that the meter worked properly. Since the new technology has much better properties in terms of cost and power consumption compared to conventional technologies, it should be one of the major digital water meter technologies in the future.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권11호
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• pp.1910-1915
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• 2008

The load analysis for the distribution system and facilities has relied on measurement equipment. Moreover, load monitoring incurs huge costs in terms of installation and maintenance. This paper presents a new model to analyze wherein facilities load under a feeder every 15 minutes using meter reading data that can be obtained from a power consumer every 15 minute or a month even without setting up any measuring equipment. After the data warehouse is constructed by interfacing the legacy system required for the load calculation, the relationship between the distribution system and the power consumer is established. Once the load pattern is forecasted by applying clustering and classification algorithm of temporal data mining techniques for the power customer who is not involved in Automatic Meter Reading(AMR), a single-line diagram per feeder is created, and power flow calculation is executed. The calculation result is analyzed using various temporal and spatial analysis methods such as Internet Geographic Information System(GIS), single-line diagram, and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP).

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2015

Background: Foodborne disease outbreaks from various food sources are a major health concern worldwide. Current methods for detection of foodborne pathogens are both expensive and time-consuming. Purpose: This review aims to present the current information available on the use of lateral flow test strips to detect pathogens in food products to enhance food safety. Results: Frequent foodborne disease outbreaks from various food sources have increased the need for rapid and easy methods for routine analysis of foodborne pathogens. Present detection methods for foodborne pathogens require expensive instruments, experts, and long time for sample analysis. Lateral flow test strips have drawn attention in recent years because of their ability to detect analytes quickly and easily. This review focuses on the principle of the lateral flow test, the various formats of lateral flow test strips, recognition elements, labeling tags, and reading instruments. In addition, this review also discusses the future prospects for the lateral flow test strips.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권14호
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• pp.15-35
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• 2008

이글은 만화교육에서 인문학적 관점이 강조된 만화읽기와 토론의 의미를 여러 각도에서 살펴봄으로써 그 필요성을 강조하는 연구이다. 서론에선 먼저 기왕의 만화교육이 기능교육에 치우쳐 만화가 사람에게 갖는 의미작용에 대한 연구가 소홀히 함으로써 만화산업의 흐름에 적절히 대응하지 못하고 있다고 문제를 제기하면서, 문화적 측면과 학문적 측면이 보완된 만화교육의 필요성과 함께 주목해야할 만화교육방법으로 만화읽기와 토론을 제시한다. 본론에선 만화읽기와 토론이 강조될 이유로 여섯 가지 범주에서 문화적 의미와 학문적 의미를 짚어보았다. 구체적으론 만화읽기와 만화창작의 상호연관성, 만화에 대한 사회적 편견 극복과제, 만화의 미적특성에 대한 연구, 문화민주화정책과 만화교육의 역할, 한국사회에서 '탈식민'이란 극복과제, '대중성'확보의 내용적 시각정립 등이다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore the intra-action between infants and picture book reading in a daycare setting, aiming to gain new insight into infants' reading experiences. Methods: The participants in the study were 12 infants from the Bluebird Class (1-year-old) at A Daycare Center. To comprehensively examine the context and flow of the infants' experiences, participant observation was conducted during free play sessions, held three to five times a week, in the morning, from December 19, 2022, to February 17, 2023. Results: Firstly, infants engaged in the intra-action with symbols such as text, images, lines, colors, and latent narratives in picture books, spontaneously encountering meaning-making. Secondly, they explored the potential of materials such as their own bodies, the dacare classroom environment, and blocks, creating narratives through the process of 'becoming'. Thirdly, infants generated shared experiences by creating interactions within their relationships with others in the daycare class. Conclusion/Implications: This study highlights a shift in perspective, recognizing infants as active readers who construct their own understanding. Additionally, it underscores the significance of cultivating an infant-centered environment and the meaningful role of teachers in supporting and facilitating such an environment.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 디지털 수도계량기(smart water meter) 연계형 상수도 원격검침시스템(automatic meter reading)의 국외 시장동향 및 원격검침시스템의 각 구성 요소기술의 개발현황과 현장적용 사례 등을 조사 분석하였다. 국외의 디지털 수도계량기 제조업체는 주로 미국 또는 유럽업체들로서 최근에는 북미뿐만 아니라 아시아 및 유럽에서도 원격검침시스템 사업을 확장하고 있다. 대부분의 디지털 수도계량기 제조업체는 원격검침용 디지털 수도 계량기에서 측정된 데이터를 활용하여 실시간 소비량 검침 및 비용 고지, 절수, 누수탐지, 수질 모니터링, 유량제어 등의 기능이 부가된 통합관리시스템(integrated water management system)과 연계하여 운영하고 있다. 데이터 전송방식은 디지털 수도계량기, 센서를 통해 검출된 데이터를 근거리 통신망(neighborhood area network)을 통해 수집기(data concentration unit)로 전송 후 광역 통신망(wide area network)을 통해 검침서버로 전송하였으며, 데이터 전송방식은 도시 규모, 계량기의 밀도, 전력공급 여부 및 통신망의 설치 여부 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 결정되었다. 일반적인 검침방식은 (1) 고정망(fixed network)을 통한 중앙 검침, (2) 차량(drive by)을 이용한 검침, (3) 사람(walk by)에 의한 검침, 그리고 (4) 비행식(fly by) 검침방식 등이 적용되었다. 전 세계적으로 디지털 수도계량기 연계형 원격검침시스템이 확산되어 용수 및 에너지를 절감하고 수도 요금을 절약하여 온실가스의 배출을 최소화하고 있는 것으로 판단된다.